Treinamento para análise perceptivo-auditiva da voz: revisão de escopo

RESUMO Objetivo sintetizar o estado do conhecimento científico sobre treinamento para análise perceptivo-auditiva da voz. Estratégias de pesquisa a estratégia PCC (População, Conceito e Contexto) e combinações de descritores foram utilizadas para busca nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS e SciELO. Critérios de seleção foram incluídos estudos com população composta por ouvintes com ou sem experiência na análise perceptivo-auditiva, que incluíssem a análise perceptivo-auditiva da voz, no contexto da clínica vocal, utilizando vozes humanas e/ou sintetizadas, com treinamento individual ou em grupo. Foram observados método de treinamento, vozes utilizadas, tempo de treinamento e se houve treino de habilidades auditivas centrais. Resultados A literatura consultada mostrou ser comum o uso de âncoras auditivas, feedback, vozes naturais soprosas e rugosas e tempo de treinamento com duração máxima de duas horas. Nenhum estudo aplicou o treino de habilidades de processamento auditivo central no treinamento para avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da voz. Conclusão ainda não há consenso sobre qual é o melhor programa de treinamento para análise perceptivo-auditiva da voz

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Dinâmica temporal e mudanças de longo prazo (1979 A 2011) na ictiofauna das zonas rasas do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos: efeitos dos fatores naturais e antrópicos

Tese(doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós–Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, 2011.Utilizando dois bancos de dados mensais (1979-1984; 1996-2011) constituídos por um regime de amostragens experimentais independentes da pesca, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a hipótese central de que mudanças de longo prazo na abundância e diversidade de peixes nas zonas rasas do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos (ZRELP) ocorreram nas últimas 3 décadas, as quais foram promovidas por distúrbios nos habitats estuarinos e alterações no esforço de pesca na região. Os padrões de composição e abundância das espécies de peixe que utilizam as ZRELP apresentam alta variabilidade anual e inter-anual, as quais são reguladas principalmente pelas variações ou flutuações da temperatura, salinidade, vazão estuarina e componente meridional do vento. Os resultados deste estudo revelam que o Modo Anular Sul (SAM) também parece influenciar a dinâmica temporal dos peixes nas ZRELP, além do El Niño Oscilação Sul (ENOS), e que o tempo de resposta das espécies em relação a alguns fatores abióticos (e.g., temperatura e vazão) não é instantâneo. Por fim, o presente estudo revela que mudanças de longo prazo ocorreram na abundância e diversidade das espécies nos últimos 30 anos. Estas mudanças estiveram provavelmente associadas às alterações nas condições hidrológicas do estuário promovidas pelos fenômenos ENOS e SAM. A perda de habitat, especialmente dos vegetados, e a pressão de pesca representada pelo esforço de pesca também parecem ter importante papel sobre as mudanças de longo prazo observadas, principalmente para espécies como a Brevoortia pectinata, Jenynsia multidentata, Micropogonias furnieri e Mugil liza. A partir do conjunto de informações reunidas, o presente estudo reforça a hipótese que os padrões de uso do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, especialmente pelos juvenis, estão fortemente vulneráveis às mudanças no clima e às transformações antrópicas do estuário, a despeito da alta variabilidade destes padrões forçada pelo dinamismo estuarino.Using two long-term database (1979-1984; 1996-2011) composed by experimental fishery-independent sampling survey, the aim of this study was to evaluate the main hypothesis that long-term changes in fish abundance and diversity in shallow areas of the Patos Lagoon Estuary (SAPLE) occurred in the last three decades, which were promoted by estuarine habitats disturbances and alterations in fishing effort changes in the region. The composition and abundance patterns of fish species inhabiting SAPLE present high annual and inter-annual variability, which are mainly regulated by changes or fluctuations in temperature, salinity, freshwater outflow into the estuary and meridional wind component. The results show that the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) also seems to be influencing the temporal dynamics of fishes in SAPLE besides of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and that time response of species to changes in some environmental variables (e.g., temperature and freshwater outflow) is not in phase. Finally, this study shows that long-term changes occurred in the species abundance and diversity in the last 30 years. These changes were probably associated to changes in the estuarine hydrological conditions promoted by ENSO and SAM phenomena. The habitat loss, especially of the vegetated ones, and the fishing pressure represented by fishing effort also seem to have important role on observed long-term changes, especially to Brevoortia pectinata, Jenynsia multidentata, Micropogonias furnieri e Mugil liza. From the total information gathered, the present study reinforce the hypotheses that the fish use patterns in the Patos Lagoon estuary, especially by juveniles, are highly vulnerable to climate change and to man-induced estuarine transformations, despite the high variability of these patterns associated with the estuary dynamics

Alimentação de Juvenis de Larimus breviceps (Cuvier, 1830) (Pisces: actinopterygii: Sciaenidae) na praia de Ponta da Ilha (Ilha de Itaparica, Bahia).

Na alimentação de juvenis de Larimus breviceps (Cuvier, 1830) (Actinopterygii: Scianidae) na Praia de Ponta da Ilha (Ilha de Itaparica, Estado da Bahia, litoral Nordeste do Brasil, cerca de 13°07'S – 38°45'W) entre setembro de 1998 e abril de 2000. Foram identificadas 32 categorias alimentares. Em frequência de ocorrência, as principais categorias foram matéria orgânica digerida (MOD, 90, 16%), Copepoda (58,74%) restos de vegetais superiores (49,72%), sedimentos (37,15%) e Dendrobranchiata (camarões, 36,06%). Em frequência numérica, predominaram Copepoda (41,67%), Decapoda (21,53%), Dendrobranchiata (11,59%), Amphipoda (7,2%) e escamas de Teleostei (peixes, 5,37%). Com base nos resultados obtidos, a alimentação de juvenis de L breviceps na Praia de Ponta da Ilha é carnívora com tendência à carcionofagia

Do mud deposition events on sandy beaches affect surf zone ichthyofauna? A southern Brazilian case study

Using fluid mud deposition events which occur regularly at Cassino Beach in south Brazil, we evaluated the influence of such events on the structure of the ichthyofauna inhabiting its shallow surf zone. Wave action was the dominant factor in differentiating between sampling sites, being lower or even absent at the mud-influenced sectors compared to beach area without mud. Samples were collected using a beach seine net at two control locations (A1 and A2), and at three locations influenced by mud deposition (B1, B2, and B3). During the study period (21 Aprile04 August 2009), 15,245 fishes were captured and separated into 26 taxonomic groups, from species to family. Individuals of a total length (TL) up to 50 mm accounted for 65% of the catch, while individuals of TL < 30 mm were the most numerous and more responsible for the total abundance spatial pattern. The area with higher wave action (A2) had the lowest relative species abundance and greatest diversity, whereas the areas with mud-forced lowest wave action (B2 and B3) had the highest species abundance values. Three hypotheses were proposed to explain the higher concentration and capture of juvenile fishes at mud locations. First, longshore currents may be responsible for the displacement of juvenile aggregations toward areas of lower energy. Second, individuals may select habitats with turbid waters, which may provide greater protection from predators and increased food availability. Third, areas under the influence of fluid mud deposition show higher values of viscosity, which may reduce swimming activity and hinder the escape of juvenile fishes from nets, resulting in an increased capture of individuals compared to areas without mud