63 research outputs found
Nischendifferenzierung zweier nah verwandter Neophyten im urbanen Raum
The alien Galinsoga ciliata and G. parviflora are widely distributed in Switzerlandin rural as well as urban areas. They are both regarded as weeds, are oftensympatric and grow in similar ecological settings. In urban environments, the otherwiseslight ecological differences between species appear to be more expressed,but quantitative studies analyzing the distribution pattern, habitat and substratepreferences of both species were missing. In the city of Basel (Switzerland) Galinsogaciliata (Raf.) Blake and G. parviflora Cav. were mapped onto a 500 m3500 mgrid. At each locality population density, habitat and substrate type were recorded.G. ciliata was more wide-spread and seven times more frequent than G. parviflora.These differences existed despite G. ciliata being introduced to Europe and to Baselmuch later than G. parviflora.In contrast to G. parviflora, which was absent in the peripheral areas of thetown, the stands of G. ciliata were spread over the whole town area. Despite thefact that both species prefer nutrient- and humus-rich soil and coexisted in nutrientrichhabitats in the city of Basel, G. parviflora grows more often in pavement gapsand crevices of stones, concrete or asphalt than G. ciliata. The lower frequency ofG. parviflora, its smaller aggregations, and the exploitation of the most extremehabitats demonstrate the weak competitiveness compared with G. ciliata.Hence, in urban areas, where the growth conditions for the two weed speciesare not optimal, G. parviflora could maintain its presence by showing a clear nichedifferentiation compared to G. ciliata. Betr. die Ausbreitung von zwei Galinsoga-Arten in Base
Time to exhaustion at maximal lactate steady state is similar for cycling and running in moderately trained subjects
We compared time to exhaustion (t lim) at maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) between cycling and running, investigated if oxygen consumption, ventilation, blood lactate concentration, and perceived exertion differ between the exercise modes, and established whether MLSS can be determined for cycling and running using the same criteria. MLSS was determined in 15 moderately trained men (30±6years, 77±6kg) by several constant-load tests to exhaustion in cycling and running. Heart rate, oxygen consumption, and ventilation were recorded continuously. Blood lactate concentration and perceived exertion were measured every 5min. t lim (37.7±8.9 vs. 34.4±5.4min) and perceived exertion (7.2±1.7 vs. 7.2±1.5) were similar for cycling and running. Heart rate (165±8 vs. 175±10min−1; P<0.01), oxygen consumption (3.1±0.3 vs. 3.4±0.3lmin−1; P<0.001) and ventilation (93±12 vs. 103±16lmin−1; P<0.01) were lower for cycling compared to running, respectively, whereas blood lactate concentration (5.6±1.7 vs. 4.3±1.3mmoll−1; P<0.05) was higher for cycling. t lim at MLSS is similar for cycling and running, despite absolute differences in heart rate, ventilation, blood lactate concentration, and oxygen consumption. This may be explained by the relatively equal cardiorespiratory demand at MLSS. Additionally, the similar t lim for cycling and running allows the same criteria to be used for determining MLSS in both exercise mode
Verbreitung und Standorte des schmalblättrigen Kreuzkrauts (Senecio inaequidens) und anderer Neophyten in der Stadt Basel (Schweiz)
In the city of Basel (Switzerland) Senecio inaequidens and five other neophytes(Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Berteroa incana, Cynodon dactylon, Helianthustuberosus s.l. and Juncus tenuis) were mapped onto 61 500 m 500 m quadrats. Ateach locality frequency, biotope and soil quality were recorded. In Basel S. inaequidens is moderately spread and sparse. Since its first occurrence on railway areas in the early eighties of the last century S. inaequidens has started to colonise the city, many individuals or low density stands were observed in this study occuring across the city. In Basel S. inaequidens grows mainly on open soils with humus rich soil or coarse gravel. A. artemisiifolia, B. incana, C. dactylon, H. tuberosus s.l. and J. tenuis are in Basel sparsely spread and sparse in number. For each species information on the history of its colonisation, their current distribution, frequency, and its ecology in Basel are shown and discussed
Time to exhaustion at maximal lactate steady state is similar for cycling and running in moderately trained subjects
We compared time to exhaustion (t (lim)) at maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) between cycling and running, investigated if oxygen consumption, ventilation, blood lactate concentration, and perceived exertion differ between the exercise modes, and established whether MLSS can be determined for cycling and running using the same criteria. MLSS was determined in 15 moderately trained men (30 +/- 6 years, 77 +/- 6 kg) by several constant-load tests to exhaustion in cycling and running. Heart rate, oxygen consumption, and ventilation were recorded continuously. Blood lactate concentration and perceived exertion were measured every 5 min. t (lim) (37.7 +/- 8.9 vs. 34.4 +/- 5.4 min) and perceived exertion (7.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 7.2 +/- 1.5) were similar for cycling and running. Heart rate (165 +/- 8 vs. 175 +/- 10 min(-1); P < 0.01), oxygen consumption (3.1 +/- 0.3 vs. 3.4 +/- 0.3 l min(-1); P < 0.001) and ventilation (93 +/- 12 vs. 103 +/- 16 l min(-1); P < 0.01) were lower for cycling compared to running, respectively, whereas blood lactate concentration (5.6 +/- 1.7 vs. 4.3 +/- 1.3 mmol l(-1); P < 0.05) was higher for cycling. t (lim) at MLSS is similar for cycling and running, despite absolute differences in heart rate, ventilation, blood lactate concentration, and oxygen consumption. This may be explained by the relatively equal cardiorespiratory demand at MLSS. Additionally, the similar t (lim) for cycling and running allows the same criteria to be used for determining MLSS in both exercise modes
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