177 research outputs found

    TOWARD A MINNESOTA MODEL OF THE FISCAL IMPACTS OF RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

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    Land use has become a critical issue for Minnesota communities, and for many of those on the suburban fringe, the central land-use policy question is whether or not to approve new residential development. New residences may bring increased property tax revenues, but the new residents will demand additional services from the county, city, utilities, and school district. On net, the impact on finances at all levels of government, especially into the future, is not always clear. In this paper, we describe some of the possible roles for the Extension Service in helping Minnesota communities to predict the fiscal impacts of residential development. We list some principles of fiscal impact modeling, describe an existing fiscal impact tool, and explain a number of issues that arose when that tool was used to estimate the impact of residential development in two Minnesota counties. Finally, we describe a possible framework for the next generation of personal computer-based, fiscal impact models.Community/Rural/Urban Development, Land Economics/Use,

    True Nations and Half People: Rewriting Nationalism in Alasdair Grayïżœs Poor Things

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    This article seeks to explore the apparent contradictions between postmodernism and political nationalism in Alasdair Gray's novel Poor Things. While Gray himself has spoken out in favour of an independent Scottish republic, his ironic, self-referential fiction has often been characterised as a mode of writing whose irreconcilable paradoxes work against political engagement. This issue is studied as regards nationalism, particularly as Poor Things raises the question of how nations are constructed through their literature. Since Poor Things abounds in imagery of hybridity and duality, it is argued that any presumption of wholeness and unicity in the nation is necessarily to be treated with caution. However, through a study of the rival political discourses that permeate Poor Things, it appears that Scottish nationalism is not necessarily incompatible with a politicised form of postmodernist writing. Indeed, Poor Things' key themes of authorial power, contradictory discourses and rewriting are particularly pertinent to the question of nationalism

    Blame It on the Bucky!: The Positioning of Buckfast Tonic Wine between Acceptability and Transgression

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    Commercialised as a product made by the Benedictine monks of Buckfast Abbey, Buckfast Tonic Wine adds an image of piety to the medicinal argument suggested by the legally authorized mention “tonic wine” and by its former mode of distribution in chemist’s shops. However, despite this highly respectable dual connotation of health and spirituality, Buckfast has become the drink of choice for disaffected youths in Central Scotland, and Buckfast consumption has become associated with anti-social street drinking and violence since the 1990s. In order to contrast the criticism linked to the product’s transgressive re-appropriation with the vigorous defence of the product offered by the manufacturers, we shall examine the discourses which have informed the debate. In reaction to the youths who vaunt the tonic wine or the politicians who have sought to limit its impact, the monks have remained largely silent in recent years. Instead, the notion of the acceptability of Buckfast is promoted via the press by J. Chandler & Co. (Buckfast) Ltd, the independent firm which markets and distributes the drink. In particular, its representatives highlight the absence of any advertising, which is presented as proof of the corporate responsibility of Buckfast’s producers and distributors.CommercialisĂ© comme un produit issu du travail de moines bĂ©nĂ©dictins, le vin tonique de l’abbaye de Buckfast en Angleterre porte le nom d’un lieu spirituel et associe ainsi des images de piĂ©tĂ© Ă  l’argument mĂ©dicinal suggĂ©rĂ© par la mention d’un vin « tonique » et par sa distribution traditionnelle en pharmacie. Cependant, malgrĂ© la double connotation hautement respectable de santĂ© et de saintetĂ©, le Buckfast est devenue la boisson de choix parmi la jeunesse dĂ©sƓuvrĂ©e Ă©cossaise et sa consommation abusive est rĂ©guliĂšrement impliquĂ©e depuis le dĂ©but des annĂ©es 1990 dans des actes de violence. À partir de ce constat d’un dĂ©calage radical entre l’image de marque vertueuse proposĂ©e par un produit et le dĂ©tournement socialement prĂ©judiciable de ce dernier par une population trĂšs Ă©loignĂ©e de sa cible traditionnelle, nous examinons les discours des diffĂ©rents acteurs concernant l’acceptabilitĂ© de cette boisson. Face aux jeunes qui la revendiquent comme un produit qui rend non seulement ivre mais aussi agressif, face aux hommes politiques qui tentent de faire encadrer sa vente en Écosse, les moines producteurs restent largement silencieux. En l’absence de tout discours publicitaire, absence imputĂ©e Ă  la retenue dont feraient preuve les moines, il revient Ă  l’entreprise commerciale indĂ©pendante chargĂ©e de sa commercialisation de dĂ©fendre, par voie de presse, l’acceptabilitĂ© du vin tonique Buckfast

    “Original and Best”? How Barr’s Irn-Bru Became a Scottish Icon

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    Building on theories of banal nationalism developed by Michael Billig (1995) and Tim Edensor (2002), this paper focuses on how a major 20th century icon of popular Scottishness, the carbonated drink Irn-Bru, has depended on the question of origins in its positioning. From the start, the manufacturers, Barr’s, keenly defended their product amidst strong competition by promoting authenticity over imitation. While today the firm AG BARR plc does not claim to have been the historical inventor of Iron Brew drinks (the original name for Irn-Bru) it still uses the strapline “Original & Best” which first appeared in 1904. In the second half of the 20th century the drink became widely perceived as a marker of Scottish identity. However, as recommended by Holt (2006), a more complete study of its historical trajectory as a brand shows that Iron Brew did not originate in Scotland at all. Indeed, rather than springing from a single source, the drink’s development in Scotland is the result of a confluence of other earlier elements. These will be studied to illustrate the mechanisms of appropriation and rewriting underlying this popular manifestation of “commercial nationalism” (Kania-Lundholm, 2014).En s’appuyant sur le concept de nationalisme banal explorĂ© par Michael Billig (1995) et Tim Edensor (2002), cet article s’intĂ©resse Ă  la maniĂšre dont un icĂŽne contemporain de la scotticitĂ©, la boisson gazeuse Irn-Bru, se positionne commercialement autour de la question des origines. Depuis le dĂ©but, son fabricant, la sociĂ©tĂ© Barr’s, a toujours promu son produit au sein d’un marchĂ© trĂšs concurrentiel en insistant sur son authenticitĂ© face Ă  des imitateurs. Bien qu’aujourd’hui la sociĂ©tĂ© AG BARR plc ne prĂ©tende pas ĂȘtre l’inventeur historique des boissons portant le nom d’Iron Brew (l’ancienne appellation de l’Irn-Bru), elle utilise toujours le slogan « Original & Best » qui est apparue pour la premiĂšre fois en 1904. Depuis la deuxiĂšme moitiĂ© du xxe siĂšcle la boisson est perçue comme un marqueur d’identitĂ© Ă©cossaise. Toutefois, une Ă©tude plus approfondie de sa trajectoire en tant que marque commerciale, comme le prĂ©conise Holt (2006), illustre que l’Iron Brew n’est pas apparu en Écosse. En effet, au lieu d’ĂȘtre rattachĂ©e Ă  une seule et unique source, l’évolution de la boisson en Écosse rĂ©sulte de la confluence de divers Ă©lĂ©ments antĂ©rieurs. Ceux-ci seront Ă©tudiĂ©s afin d’illustrer les mĂ©canismes d’appropriation et de rĂ©Ă©criture qui sous-tendent cette manifestation populaire de « nationalisme commercial » (Kania-Lundholm, 2014)

    REVEALED COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE AND THE MEASUREMENT OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS FOR AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF WOOL EXPORTERS

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    Trade liberalization and laissez-faire economics are altering the structure of agricultural production and trade. The principle of comparative advantage, a classic tenet of economics, is a useful tool for understanding the future of world agriculture. This study employs a "Revealed Comparative Advantage" approach to investigate patterns of comparative advantage among six major wool exporting countries.International Relations/Trade,

    Foreword

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    While much of Scottish identity, culture and politics is informed by the relationship between Scotland and England, this polarization has resulted from their geographic situation as two neighbouring peoples and countries sharing a land border within a single geographic territory. Underpinning this relationship and shaping so much else about Scotland, therefore, is the maritime nature of a territory bounded everywhere else by water. Of course, the insularity of Great Britain, and the subsequen..

    “Tales from the darkside”: The role of the extractive industries in the Rebus novels

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    En tant que romans policiers qui mettent l’accent sur les procĂ©dures liĂ©es aux mĂ©tiers de la police, les romans de la sĂ©rie des Rebus de Ian Rankin correspondent Ă  la dĂ©finition convenue de la FASP. Cependant, les investigations touchent souvent d’autres professions et secteurs d’activitĂ©, ce qui nous permet de les considĂ©rer du point de vue de l’intersection de leurs diffĂ©rents substrats professionnels. Cette communication cherche Ă  explorer le rĂŽle des industries pĂ©troliĂšres et charbonniĂšres, qui revĂȘtent une importance toute particuliĂšre, ayant façonnĂ© non seulement l’évolution personnelle et crĂ©ative de l’auteur, mais aussi le contexte national et sociopolitique dans lequel les romans s’inscrivent. Nous avons surtout l’intention d’examiner la maniĂšre dont la reprĂ©sentation des industries extractives gĂ©nĂšre des motifs de dissimulation et de rĂ©vĂ©lation, de superficialitĂ© et de profondeur qui ont une rĂ©sonance particuliĂšre face Ă  la description des investigations policiĂšres menĂ©es par Rebus, qui se caractĂ©risent souvent par la mise au jour de vĂ©ritĂ©s sombres. De surcroĂźt, en rattachant ces thĂšmes aux sources d’énergie qui sont dĂ©terminantes dans le dĂ©veloppement du monde industrialisĂ©, et dans l’histoire de l’Ecosse depuis les annĂ©es 1970, les romans soulignent les liens entre des enjeux commerciaux, politiques et sociaux. De cette maniĂšre, les romans de la sĂ©rie Rebus incarnent une tradition littĂ©raire Ă©cossaise moderne qui rĂ©affirme la subordination de la sociĂ©tĂ© moderne aux forces Ă©conomiques. Cependant, en rĂ©inscrivant ces romans au sein d’une tradition littĂ©raire oĂč les industries extractives ont toujours Ă©tĂ© trĂšs prĂ©sentes, il est possible de nous interroger sur la pertinence ici de l’appellation de FASP. A la place, nous constatons que les mĂȘmes questionnements socioĂ©conomiques mis en rapport avec des thĂ©matiques professionnelles semblables sont partagĂ©s par nombre d’Ɠuvres de fiction Ă©cossaise au sein d’un continuum qui passe du roman policer commercial Ă  des Ɠuvres plus exigeantes de littĂ©rature expĂ©rimentale.As mainstream detective fiction with a strong focus on police procedure, Ian Rankin’s Rebus novels fit the accepted definition of FASP. However, the investigations often touch on other professions and industries, allowing them to also be considered from the perspective of their intersecting professional substrats. This paper intends to explore the role of the fossil fuel industries, which are of particular significance, having shaped not only the personal and creative development of the author, but also the national, socio-political context in which the novels were written and set. It is our intention to examine in particular how the representation of the extractive industries generates images of concealment and uncovering, superficiality and depth which have particular resonance with the depiction of Rebus’s police investigations, generally characterised by the revealing of dark truths. More significantly, by linking these themes to the energy sources which have been pivotal to the modern world’s industrial development, and particularly to that of Scotland since the 1970s, the novels foreground the links between commercial, political and social concerns. By doing so, the Rebus novels characterise a modern Scottish literary tradition which reiterates the subordination of modern society to economic forces. However, in resituating the novels within this literary tradition where the extractive industries have always been strongly present, it is possible to question the pertinence of the FASP label in this instance. Instead, it can be seen how the same socioeconomic concerns connected with similar professional themes are shared by a number of Scottish works along a continuum which ranges from commercially-driven detective fiction to more challenging works of experimental writing

    “Original and Best”? How Barr’s Irn-Bru Became a Scottish Icon

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    Building on theories of banal nationalism developed by Michael Billig (1995) and Tim Edensor (2002), this paper focuses on how a major 20th century icon of popular Scottishness, the carbonated drink Irn-Bru, has depended on the question of origins in its positioning. From the start, the manufacturers, Barr’s, keenly defended their product amidst strong competition by promoting authenticity over imitation. While today the firm AG BARR plc does not claim to have been the historical inventor of Iron Brew drinks (the original name for Irn-Bru) it still uses the strapline “Original & Best” which first appeared in 1904. In the second half of the 20th century the drink became widely perceived as a marker of Scottish identity. However, as recommended by Holt (2006), a more complete study of its historical trajectory as a brand shows that Iron Brew did not originate in Scotland at all. Indeed, rather than springing from a single source, the drink’s development in Scotland is the result of a confluence of other earlier elements. These will be studied to illustrate the mechanisms of appropriation and rewriting underlying this popular manifestation of “commercial nationalism” (Kania-Lundholm, 2014).En s’appuyant sur le concept de nationalisme banal explorĂ© par Michael Billig (1995) et Tim Edensor (2002), cet article s’intĂ©resse Ă  la maniĂšre dont un icĂŽne contemporain de la scotticitĂ©, la boisson gazeuse Irn-Bru, se positionne commercialement autour de la question des origines. Depuis le dĂ©but, son fabricant, la sociĂ©tĂ© Barr’s, a toujours promu son produit au sein d’un marchĂ© trĂšs concurrentiel en insistant sur son authenticitĂ© face Ă  des imitateurs. Bien qu’aujourd’hui la sociĂ©tĂ© AG BARR plc ne prĂ©tende pas ĂȘtre l’inventeur historique des boissons portant le nom d’Iron Brew (l’ancienne appellation de l’Irn-Bru), elle utilise toujours le slogan « Original & Best » qui est apparue pour la premiĂšre fois en 1904. Depuis la deuxiĂšme moitiĂ© du xxe siĂšcle la boisson est perçue comme un marqueur d’identitĂ© Ă©cossaise. Toutefois, une Ă©tude plus approfondie de sa trajectoire en tant que marque commerciale, comme le prĂ©conise Holt (2006), illustre que l’Iron Brew n’est pas apparu en Écosse. En effet, au lieu d’ĂȘtre rattachĂ©e Ă  une seule et unique source, l’évolution de la boisson en Écosse rĂ©sulte de la confluence de divers Ă©lĂ©ments antĂ©rieurs. Ceux-ci seront Ă©tudiĂ©s afin d’illustrer les mĂ©canismes d’appropriation et de rĂ©Ă©criture qui sous-tendent cette manifestation populaire de « nationalisme commercial » (Kania-Lundholm, 2014)

    Avant-propos

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    Ce numĂ©ro de la revue Études Ă©cossaises traite de la thĂ©matique de la rĂ©-Ă©criture. Bien entendu, cette activitĂ© est bien connue de tous les universitaires dans la pratique de leur propre production scientifique, au grĂ© des rĂ©visions successives que l’on s’impose pour peaufiner son expression ou amĂ©liorer la formulation d’une idĂ©e ou encore suite Ă  de nouvelles lectures qui bouleversent la premiĂšre version d’un texte trop vite dĂ©passĂ©. Mais nous pensons surtout aux multiples modifications, cla..

    Avant-propos

    Get PDF
    Ce numĂ©ro de la revue Études Ă©cossaises traite de la thĂ©matique de la rĂ©-Ă©criture. Bien entendu, cette activitĂ© est bien connue de tous les universitaires dans la pratique de leur propre production scientifique, au grĂ© des rĂ©visions successives que l’on s’impose pour peaufiner son expression ou amĂ©liorer la formulation d’une idĂ©e ou encore suite Ă  de nouvelles lectures qui bouleversent la premiĂšre version d’un texte trop vite dĂ©passĂ©. Mais nous pensons surtout aux multiples modifications, cla..
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