Luonto korjaa, ihminen korvaa : korvaavat toimenpiteet luonnonsuojeluoikeudessa

Tutkimuksen aiheena ovat korvaavat toimenpiteet luonnonsuojeluoikeudessa. Korvaavilla toimenpiteillä tarkoitetaan yleisesti toimia luonnonarvoille aiheutuvien haittojen korvaamiseksi. Käytännössä kyseeseen voi tulla esimerkiksi korvaavan elinympäristön kunnostaminen rakentamisen myötä häviävän tilalle. Korvaavat toimenpiteet on niin kansainvälisesti kuin kansallisesti tunnistettu yhdeksi mahdolliseksi tavaksi monipuolistaa luonnonsuojelun keinovalikoimaa ja edistää suojelun tavoitteiden saavuttamista. Oikein kohdistettuina ja mitoitettuina ne voivat sekä parantaa luonnonsuojelun kustannustehokkuutta että joustavoittaa sääntelyä. Tutkielman ensimmäisessä osassa perehdytään korvaavia toimenpiteitä koskevan sääntelyn nykytilaan ja sen toimivuuteen. Tutkielman toisessa osassa pohditaan tarvetta ja mahdollisuuksia korvaavien toimenpiteitä koskevan sääntelyn kehittämiseksi. Työn perusteella voidaan todeta, että korvaavat toimenpiteet voivat olla yksi keino parantaa luonnonsuojelun tuloksellisuutta ja joustavoittaa sääntelyä, mutta niiden ottaminen laajempaan ja yhdenmukaiseen käyttöön edellyttää nimenomaista lainsäädäntöä. Luontevin vaihtoehto korvaavia toimenpiteitä koskevalle sääntelylle olisi luonnonsuojelulaki, jossa ne voitaisiin liittää poikkeuslupien myöntämisen edellytyksiin. Tämä varmistaisi sääntelyn soveltamisen toiminnan laadusta riippumatta ja tukisi luonnonsuojelulain mukaisen suotuisan suojelutason tavoitteen saavuttamista

“Siinä voi ottaa rennon asennon ja vain kuunnella.” : Tapaustutkimus 2.luokalla luokanopettajan ääneen lukemisen merkityksestä

Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää, millainen merkitys luokanopettajan ääneen lukemisella on oppilaille sekä onko sillä merkitystä oppilaiden tekstin ymmärtämisen kannalta. Tutkimme aihetta oppilaiden ääneen lukemiseen liittyvien kokemusten kautta. Tutkimuksemme perusteena on yhteiskunnan huolestuneisuus lasten heikkenevästä lukuinnosta ja sitä kautta heikkenevästä lukutaidosta. Halusimme selvittää, onko luokanopettajan ääneen lukeminen oppilaille miellyttävä ja merkityksellinen kokemus. Tutkimuksen aineisto kerättiin 2.-luokan oppilailta tammikuussa 2022. Toteutimme luokan opettajan avulla opetuskokeilun, jonka aikana havainnoimme oppilaita. Kokeilun jälkeen haastattelimme oppilaita kolmen hengen ryhmissä. Tutkimukseen osallistui 13 oppilasta ja aineisto analysoitiin keräämisen jälkeen aineistolähtöisesti sisällönanalyysillä. Tutkimustuloksista voitiin erotella kolme pääluokkaa, joita olivat tekstin ymmärtäminen, oppilaiden lukumieltymykset sekä opettajan ääneen lukeminen. Pääluokkien avulla tutkimustuloksista voitiin havaita, että opettajan ääneen lukemisella ei ollut merkitystä tekstin syvällisen ymmärtämisen kannalta. Lisäksi tutkimustuloksista selvisi, että oppilaat pitävät opettajan ääneen lukemisesta ja se on koko luokalle tärkeä yhteinen hetki, jossa rauhoitutaan ja harjoitellaan keskittymistä. Lukemisen ja opettajan ääneen lukemisen yhteydessä oppilaat nostivat erityisesti esiin sen, kuinka lukutilanteissa saa rauhoittua ja rentoutua. Tutkimuksen johtopäätöksenä voidaan todeta, että oppilaat pitävät opettajan ääneen lukemisesta ja sillä on oma paikkansa koulun arjessa

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Risk of Binge Drinking and Drunkenness in Middle-Aged Finnish Men

Objective. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between adverse childhood experiences and binge drinking and drunkenness in adulthood using both historical and recalled data from childhood. Methods. Data on childhood adverse experiences were collected from school health records and questionnaires completed in adulthood. Adulthood data were obtained from the baseline examinations of the male participants (n = 2682) in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD) in 1984–1989 from eastern Finland. School health records from the 1930s to 1950s were available for a subsample of KIHD men (n = 952). Results. According to the school health records, men who had adverse childhood experiences had a 1.51-fold (95% CI 1.05 to 2.18) age- and examination-year adjusted odds of binge drinking in adulthood. After adjustment for socioeconomic position in adulthood or behavioural factors in adulthood, the association remained unchanged. Adjustment for socioeconomic position in childhood attenuated these effects. Also the recalled data showed associations with adverse childhood experiences and binge drinking with different beverages. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that childhood adversities are associated with increased risk of binge drinking in adulthood

FUTURES LITERACY LAB FOR EDUCATION : Imagining Complex Futures of Human Settlements at Finland Futures Academy Summer School 2017

This report presents an instance of Futures Literacy Laboratory (FLL) held for the Finland Futures Academy Summer School on the topic of “complex futures of human settlement in 2050” held in June 2017 at University of Turku. The Futures Literacy Laboratory approach was developed by Riel Miller and UNESCO through a series of instances held around the world starting in 2012. In essence, an FLL aims at increasing futures literacy by increasing awareness of anticipatory assumptions and ‘how the future is used’ in the present. This report describes the theoretical background, pedagogical design, practical implementation, and outcomes of this Summer 2017 FLL. It concludes with lessons learns and suggestions for future applications of FLL

Yrittäjyyskasvatusta suomalaiseen opettajankoulutukseen ja opetukseen! YVI-hankkeen hedelmiä vuosilta 2010 –2014

Yrittäjyyskasvatuksen toteutusta opetuksessa ja koulutuksessa on edistetty 2000-luvulla mm. hanketyöskentelyn kautta. Turun yliopiston Turun normaalikoulun koordinoimassa valtakunnallisessa YVIhankkeessa (2010–14) keskityttiin yrittäjyyskasvatuksen kehittämiseen ammatillisessa ja yleissivistävässä opettajankoulutuksessa. Harvinaislaatuisen laajaan hankkeeseen osallistui yli kolmekymmentä kumppaniorganisaatiota ympäri Suomen. Tässä julkaisussa YVI-hankkeen toimijat kertovat yrittäjyyskasvatuksen kehittämisestä sekä käsittelevät yrittäjyyskasvatuksen teemoja ja toteutumista eri toimintaympäristöissä. Artikkelit tarjoavat niin tieteelliseen tutkimukseen kuin käytännön kokemukseen perustuvaa tietoa. Jokaisen artikkelin tärkein anti on koottu artikkelin loppuun huoneentauluksi, helpottamaan nopeaa tutustumista aihepiiriin. Julkaisu on suunnattu opettajille, opettajankouluttajille ja opiskelijoille, opetus- ja koulutusorganisaatioiden johdolle ja päättäjille eri tahoilla – sekä kaikille, joita yrittäjyyskasvatus ja opetuksen ja koulutuksen järjestelmällinen kehittäminen kiinnostavat.Siirretty Doriast

The usability, feasibility and fidelity of the Ethics Quarter e-learning intervention for nurse managers

BackgroundNurse managers (NMs) expect support to carry out their ethical activities in a complex health care environment. In this study, the Ethics Quarter (EQ) is suggested as a new educational ethics e-learning intervention for nurse managers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability, feasibility and fidelity of the EQ. The goal was to create a new way to support NMs' ethical activity profile (developing one's own ethics knowledge, influencing ethical issues, conducting or implementing ethics research, identifying and solving ethical problems) for the use of healthcare organizations.MethodsThe EQ was developed under guidance of the criteria for complex interventions in health care (CReDECI2) guideline. A cross-sectional survey was conducted within the intervention group after a randomized controlled trial (the main study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier: 04234503). The participants were NM members of the Union of Health and Social Care Professionals in Finland (n = 95).ResultsA system usability scale (SUS) assessed the overall usability of EQ as good (a mean SUS score of 85.40 out of 100). Positive feedback about the EQ's feasibility was reported in structured and open questions (a good, necessary and practical research knowledge-based e-learning intervention for all nurse managers) and recommendations for further development (intervention contents could be even more challenging and interactive) were highlighted. Fidelity, measured with Google Analytics, reported shorter time used by NMs on the EQ education than estimated.ConclusionsThe findings support the high usability, feasibility and average fidelity of the EQ intervention and its potential while also providing evidence for the development of future ethics education. Health care organizations would benefit from adopting the EQ to support the ethical activities and ethical activity profile of NMs. Additionally, this study provides an example of ethics intervention development and evaluation in nursing research.</p

Leisure time physical activity in a 22-year follow-up among Finnish adults

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to explore long-term predictors of leisure time physical activity in the general population. METHODS: This study comprised 718 men and women who participated in the national Mini-Finland Health Survey from 1978–1980 and were re-examined in 2001. Participants were aged 30–80 at baseline. Measurements included interviews, health examinations, and self-administered questionnaires, with information on socioeconomic position, occupational and leisure time physical activity, physical fitness, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical functional capacity. Analyses included persons who were working and had no limitations in functional capacity at baseline. RESULTS: The strongest predictor of being physically active at the follow-up was participation in physical activity at baseline, with an OR 13.82 (95%CI 5.50-34.70) for 3 or more types of regular activity, OR 2.33 (95%CI 1.22-4.47) for 1–2 types of regular activity, and OR 3.26 (95%CI 2.07-5.15) for irregular activity, as compared to no activity. Other determinants for being physically active were moving upwards in occupational status, a high level of baseline occupational physical activity and remaining healthy weight during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: To prevent physical inactivity among older adults, it is important to promote physical activity already in young adulthood and in middle age and to emphasize the importance of participating in many types of physical activity

Self-Applied Electrode Set Provides a Clinically Feasible Solution Enabling EEG Recording in Home Sleep Apnea Testing

Home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) without electroencephalography (EEG) recording is increasingly used as an alternative to in-laboratory polysomnography for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, without EEG, electrooculography (EOG), and chin electromyography (EMG) recordings, the OSA severity may be significantly underestimated. Although several ambulatory EEG systems have been recently introduced, no patient-applied systems including EEG, EOG, and chin EMG suitable for home polysomnography are currently in clinical use. We have recently developed and pre-clinically tested a self-applied ambulatory electrode set (AES), consisting of frontal EEG, EOG, and EMG, in subjects with possible sleep bruxism. Now, in this clinical feasibility study, we investigated the signal scorability and usability of the AES as a self-administered sleep assessment approach supplementing the conventional HSAT device. We also investigated how the diagnostic parameters and OSA severity changed when utilizing the AES. Thirty-eight patients (61 % male, 25-78 years) with a clinical suspicion of OSA conducted a single-night, self-administered HSAT with a portable polysomnography device (Nox A1, Nox Medical, Reykjavik, Iceland) supplemented with AES. Only one AES recording failed. The use of AES signals in data analysis significantly affected the median apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), increasing it from 9.4 to 12.7 events/h (p < 0.001) compared to the conventional HSAT. Also, in eight patients, the OSA severity class changed to one class worse. Perceived ease of use was well in line with that previously found among healthy volunteers. These results suggest that the AES provides an easy, clinically feasible solution to record EEG as a part of conventional HSAT.Peer reviewe

The effectiveness of the Ethics Quarter intervention on the ethical activity profile of nurse managers: A randomized controlled trial

Aim: To test the effectiveness of a new ethics educational e-learning intervention, Ethics Quarter, in supporting nurse managers' ethical activity profile.Background: Health care organisations need evidence-based ethics interventions to support nurse managers' ethical activity profile.Methods: A parallel-group, individually randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2020. Finnish nurse managers nationwide [members of the Union of Health and Social Care Professionals in Finland (Tehy) trade union] were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 169) or control group (n = 172). The intervention group participated in the Ethics Quarter comprising twelve 15-min evidence-based educational 'quarters' spread over 6 weeks. The control group had standard organisational ethics structures. The primary and secondary outcomes were ethical activity profile and ethics knowledge, respectively. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement for study design and reporting was adopted.Results: Ethical activity profile showed statistically significant differences in mean changes between the groups from baseline to 10 weeks: all five dimensions were statistically significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group (p = Conclusion: The Ethics Quarter was effective in increasing nurse managers' ethical activity profile. Implications for Nursing Management Applying this ethics educational e-learning intervention would benefit nursing management education and health care organisations. Trial Registration : NCT04234503.</p

Futures Literacy Lab for Education: Imagining Complex Futures of Human Settlements at Finland Futures Academy Summer School 2017

This book is published as part the research and education agenda of the UNESCO Chair in Learning Society and Futures of Education (LSFE) held by Professor Markku Wilenius at Finland Futures Research Centre, University of Turku. The aim of the UNESCO Chair in LSFE is to utilize the tools of futures research to increase global futures thinking and well-being. The Futures Literacy Lab for Finland Futures Academy Summer School 2017 was co-organized by the UNESCO Chair in LSFE research team, the Futures of Cities and Communities research team, and the UNESCO Management of Social Transformations Programme. </p