Telephone multiline signaling using common signal pair

An operator can rapidly and automatically produce coded electrical signals by manipulating mechanical thumb wheel switches so as to instruct a service center to connect any number of telephone lines to the console thus enabling the operator to listen and/or talk over several lines simultaneously. The system includes an on-site console having several mechanically operated thumb wheel switches to which the desired lines to be connected can be dialed in. Electrical coded signals are fed to a number of banks of line AND gates representing units, tens and hundreds, a group of channel gates, and a command gate. These signals are gated out in a controlled manner to an encoder which generates tones that are transmitted over a single line to a communication service center

Validation of Air-Backed Underwater Explosion Experiments with ALE3D

This paper summarizes an exercise carried out to validate the process of implementing LLNL's ALE3D to predict the permanent deformation and rupture of an air-backed steel plate subjected to underwater shock. Experiments were performed in a shock tank at the Naval Science and Technology Laboratory in Visakhapatnam India, and the results are documented in reference. A consistent set of air-backed plates is subjected to shocks from increasing weights of explosives ranging from 10g-80g. At 40g and above, rupture is recorded in the experiment and, without fracture mechanics implemented in ALE3D, only the cases of 10g, 20g, and 30g are presented here. This methodology applies the Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) Equation of State (EOS) to predict the pressure of the expanding detonation products, the Gruneisein EOS for water under highly dynamic compressible flow - both on 1-point integrated 3-d continuum elements. The steel plates apply a bilinear elastic-plastic response with failure and are simulated with 3-point integrated shell elements. The failure for this exercise is based on effective (or equivalent) plastic strain

Hard x-ray spectroscopy in NaxCoO2 and superconducting NaxCoO2 - yH2O: A view on the bulk Co electronic properties

The electronic properties of Co in bulk Na0.7CoO2 and the superconducting hydrated compound Na0.35CoO2 - y H2O have been investigated by x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) using hard x-rays. The XAS spectra at the Co K-edge were measured in both compounds with two different polarization directions. The changes in the XAS spectra upon hydration and their polarization dependence are well accounted for by linear muffin- tin orbital calculations in the local density approximation. The underlying electronic structure indicates the strong hybridization between the Co 3d and O 2p states in both compounds, while the electron localization is enhanced in the hydrated compound due to the increase of the Co-Co interplanar distance. The Co K pre-edge further highlights the splitting of the d band as a result of the crystal field effect and demonstrates the Co valency increase when Na0.7CoO2 is hydrated. The RIXS spectra measured at the Co K-edge show an energy loss feature around 10 eV in both compounds in fair agreement with the calculated dynamical structure factor. The RIXS feature is associated to a damped plasmon excitation.Comment: 8 page

Evaluation of Physical Activity Participation, Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectancy for Employees Participating in Exercise Is Medicine® On Campus Program

Exercise Is Medicine® On Campus (EIM-OC) is a worldwide initiative from the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) to promote physical activity (PA) at universities. California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB) implemented this initiative in Fall 2019 with offerings to students and employees. For employees, an “Introduction to Resistance Training Class” was offered. Participants attended classes two times per week, with the sessions lasting approximately fifty minutes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the EIM-OC employee Introduction to Resistance Training class for its effectiveness on increasing PA, self-efficacy, and outcome expectancy. The research design was pre-post, with participants completing online questionnaires before and after the course. The Godin Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (LTPQ), Resistance Training Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectancy Questionnaire, and Self-Efficacy and the Maintenance of Exercise Participation in Older Adults Questionnaire were included. The training class had a total of 14 female participants, 12 of which completed the pre- and postquestionnaires. There was a significant increase (t=-3.2, df=11, p=.004) in resistance training self-efficacy score following the course (M=3.52±1.03 versus M=4.31±.56). Resistance training outcome expectancy score was also statistically significant (t=- 2.54, df=11, p=.01) following the course (M=4.48±.53 versus M=4.71±.37). There were increases in strenuous exercise days, physical activity scores, and future resistance training self-efficacy, although they were not statistically significant. The results of this study indicate that employee exercise classes, as part of the EIM-OC initiative, can be effective in increasing resistance training self-efficacy, and outcome expectancy. These indicators are important for individuals to maintain lifelong PA therefore future programming and research on EIM-OC should continue

Quantification of Aluminum Increase Factors for Curtain Wall Design Using Finite Element Methods

Abstract not provide

On the Temperature Dependence of the Lifetime of Thermally Isolated Metastable Clusters

The temperature dependence of the lifetime of the thermally isolated metastable N8 cubane up to its decay into N2 molecules has been calculated by the molecular dynamics method. It has been demonstrated that this dependence significantly deviates from the Arrhenius law. The applicability of the finite heat bath theory to the description of thermally isolated atomic clusters has been proved using statistical analysis of the results obtained.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Evaluating Students’ Perceived Stress, Sleep Quality, and Physical Activity in Exercise Is Medicine® On Campus Student-led Health Consultation Program

The American College of Sport Medicine created the Exercise is Medicine® (EIM) initiative to improve health through the promotion and prescription of physical activity. The EIM-On Campus (EIM-OC) initiative uses physical activity as a vital sign for promoting healthy behaviors among students and employees on a college campus. The EIM-OC initiative was launched at California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB) in Fall 2019. The purpose of this research project was to promote and evaluate college students’ health behaviors associated with the implementation of the EIM-OC initiative at CSUMB. We hypothesized significant improvements in perceived stress, sleep quality, and total physical activity time among participants. The research design was pre-post and tracked participants in the EIM-OC semester long consultation program. Fifteen CSUMB students participated in the consultation program. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Godin-Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) were administered online through an intake form before and after the consultation program. Dependent t-tests were performed to assess for pre- and post-differences in perceived stress (PS), sleep quality (SQ), and total physical activity (PA) time. Significance was set at = 0.05. Participant’s age was M=20.87, SD=3.34 years, with 60% being college junior status. There was a statistically significant improvement in students’ perceived stress levels (t=2.659, df=14, p=.019) pre (M=16.47, SD=5.630) and post (M=11.53, SD=6.424) intervention. There was also a statistically significant improvement in sleep quality (t=.3166, df=14, p=.007) pre (M=6.80, SD=2.981) and post (M=5.07, SD=2.963) intervention. There were improvements in total physical activity time, although it was not significant. The results of this research project indicate that peer advisor consultation programs can be effective in improving college-aged students’ perceived stress and sleep quality. These health behavior improvements are important contributors to college students’ lifelong health behavior habits, quality of life, and academic performance

A Combination Theorem for Metric Bundles

We define metric bundles/metric graph bundles which provide a purely topological/coarse-geometric generalization of the notion of trees of metric spaces a la Bestvina-Feighn in the special case that the inclusions of the edge spaces into the vertex spaces are uniform coarsely surjective quasi-isometries. We prove the existence of quasi-isometric sections in this generality. Then we prove a combination theorem for metric (graph) bundles (including exact sequences of groups) that establishes sufficient conditions, particularly flaring, under which the metric bundles are hyperbolic. We use this to give examples of surface bundles over hyperbolic disks, whose universal cover is Gromov-hyperbolic. We also show that in typical situations, flaring is also a necessary condition.Comment: v3: Major revision: 56 pages 5 figures. Many details added. Characterization of convex cocompact subgroups of mapping class groups of surfaces with punctures in terms of relative hyperbolicity given v4: Final version incorporating referee comments: 63 pages 5 figures. To appear in Geom. Funct. Ana