Fundamental Frequency in Males and Females from Iranian, Turk, and Kurd Race

Background and Aim: Human’s voice is observable and measurable like his other behaviors. Investigations have shown that characteristics of voice differ in males and females and possibly in different languages. Clinically, knowing natural voice characteristics is helpful for distinguishing voice pathologies. So the purpose of this study was to measure and compare the fundamental frequency human voice. Materials and Methods: subjects were young males and females of Iranian Fars, Turk and Kurd races. First the subjects were asked to read some Persian sentences, and then their voice samples were analyzed by Dr.Speech software. Results: Fundamental frequency mean is 168±46 Hz and 120±48 Hz for females and males, respectively, which shows significant difference. There is no significant difference between fundamental frequency mean of different races. Conclusion: There is significant difference between fundamental frequency of males and females, but this difference is not attributable to their mother tongue

Comprehensive study on the effect of magnesium loading over nickel-ordered mesoporous alumina for dry reforming of methane

A comprehensive study of the effect of Mg loading on the performances in Dry Reforming of Methane of a series of mesoporous Ni6-Mgx-Al2O3 catalysts containing 6 wt% Ni and 0 to 26 wt% Mg is presented. Complementary characterizations by N2 sorption, XRD, SEM/TEM, FT-IR, H2-TPR and H2-TPD of the materials, synthesized by one-pot EISA method and studied in their calcined and reduced forms, reveal excellent porous ordering and high and homogeneous chemicals distribution up to an intermediate Mg content. Afterwards, MgO segregation occurs associated to some structural loss, to nickel sintering due to a change from nickel aluminate to NiO-based species, and to strong basic sites formation. In line with these physicochemical changes, all catalytic results reveal the existence of volcano curves in which the optimum Mg content is between 5 and 10 wt%. This optimum is also discussed in view of turn over frequencies and activation energy values