Northumbria Police custody health needs assessment

A health needs assessment of detainees in poilce custody in Northumbri

Wall influence on dynamics of a microbubble

The nonlinear dynamic behaviour of microscopic bubbles near a wall is investigated. The Keller-Miksis-Parlitz equation is adopted, but modified to account for the presence of the wall. This base model describes the time evolution of the bubble surface, which is assumed to remain spherical, and accounts for the effect of acoustic radiation losses owing to liquid compressibility in the momentum conservation. Two situations are considered: the base case of an isolated bubble in an unbounded medium; and a bubble near a solid wall. In the latter case, the wall influence is modeled by including a symmetrically oscillating image bubble. The bubble dynamics is traced using a numerical solution of the model equation. Subsequently, Floquet theory is used to accurately detect the bifurcation point where bubble oscillations stop following the driving ultrasound frequency and undergo period-changing bifurcations. Of particular interest is the detection of the subcritical period tripling and quadrupling transition. The parametric bifurcation maps are obtained as functions of non-dimensional parameters representing the bubble radius, the frequency and pressure amplitude of the driving ultrasound field and the distance from the wall. It is shown that the presence of the wall generally stabilises the bubble dynamics, so that much larger values of the pressure amplitude are needed to generate nonlinear responses.Comment: 25 pages, 14 figure

Torsion and Bistability of Double-Twist Elastomers

We investigate the elastic properties of anisotropic elastomers with a double-twist director field, which is a model for collagen fibrils or blue phases. We observe a significant Poynting-like effect, coupling torsion (fibril twist) and extension. For freely-rotating boundary conditions, we identify a structural bistability at very small extensional strains which undergoes a saddle-node bifurcation at a critical strain -- at approximately 1% strain for a parameterization appropriate for collagen fibrils. With clamped boundary conditions appropriate for many experimental setups, the bifurcation is not present. We expect significant helical shape effects when fixed torsion does not equal the equilibrium torsion of freely-rotating boundary conditions, due to residual torques.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure

Benthic foraminiferal change and depositional history across the Cretaceous – Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary in the Brazos River area, Texas

EMBARGOED UNTIL 30/09/15The Cretaceous–Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary marks one of the major crises in the history of life on Earth. The cause is widely regarded as a large bolide impact at Chicxulub, Mexico, coincident with a major series of volcanic eruptions on the Deccan Plateau, India. Fieldwork in the Brazos River area of Texas has involved an investigation of the sections on the Brazos River and its tributaries. A previously overlooked K/Pg section (RBS) on the Brazos River was found and contains the most accessible and complete K/Pg boundary succession in the area. The RBS succession provides a clear exposure of the various lithological units within the Paleocene and was used to correlate to the successions in the nearby creeks. The K/Pg boundary is also well-exposed and records an erosional relief of ~1 m, cut into the Maastrichtian mudstone succession, creating a mounded topography. The overlying ‘Event Bed’, containing reworked impact spherules at its base, is shown to infill troughs on this irregular surface. The same features were recorded in tributary creeks, with all previous descriptions of these locations clearly failing to recognise the various sedimentary relationships. Distinct, thin, yellow clay horizons within the uppermost Maastrichtian mudstones are present in some sections. Geochemical analysis and radiometric dating have confirmed these as volcanic ashes, with extracted zircons giving a date of 65.95+0.04 Ma. These ash bands are located in Maastrichtian mudstones just below the K/Pg boundary and the recorded date is, within error, that of the K/Pg boundary. This identification of this latest Maastrichtian volcanic ash negates the suggestion of a pre-K/Pg boundary impact, a pre-extinction impact or multiple impacts. The benthic foraminiferal data generated indicates significant changes in palaeoecology of the benthic foraminifera across the K/Pg boundary. The benthic foraminifera do not experience a mass extinction, unlike the planktic foraminifera, which were significantly affected by the end-Maastrichtian extinction event. The benthic foraminferal assemblage appears to only experience transient, short-lived changes with pulses of agglutinated, elongate and large species in the early Paleocene. Mono-specific samples of Lenticulina rotulata have been analysed for stable isotopes and the data may indicate the presence cyclicity across the K/Pg boundary interval. In the earliest Paleocene significant negative δ18O excursions near the Pα/P1a and NP1/NP2 boundary represents a potential hyperthermal event that may be coeval with the DAN-C2 and Lower C29n events respectively recorded at Gubbio, and in the Atlantic Ocean. A sequence stratigraphy package is determined based on the micropaleontology and sedimentology in the Brazos River area. The latest Maastrichtian is marked by a sealevel rise immediately before the K/Pg boundary. Immediately after the K/Pg event, sealevel fell and is recorded as a change from mid to inner shelf. The condensed unit of the Middle Sandstone Bed (MSB) represents a Transgressive systems tract, with increasing diversity and abundance of benthic foraminifera to the top of the MSB, where maximum abundance and diversity is marks a Maximum Flooding Surface. The interval above indicates sea-level continuing to rise to a mid to outer-shelf setting. These sealevel changes are also recorded at the same stratigraphic level in Alabama, and at more distal K/Pg boundary sections (e.g., Denmark and Tunisia) suggesting that these sealevel changes are eustatically controlled

Mariner Mars 1969: Atmospheric results

Results of investigation of probable atmospheric effects appearing in Mariner '69 TV pictures that have undergone noise removal and preliminary decalibration are described. Two distinct types of haze are distinguished: north polar haze, seen prominently against the face of the planet in blue photographs, and thin haze, usually identified by its appearance on the limb and not strongly colored. Thin haze is surprisingly widespread, particularly in the southern hemisphere. Discrete bright features, which may be evidence for condensation on the ground or in the atmosphere, are described. These occur where bright features have often been seen from earth, in a region where very large multiple-ringed structures seem to dominate the surface morphology. The speculation that these may be evidence for local water-vapor exchange between ground and atmosphere is raised, and some constraints on local subsurface water-vapor sources in the Mars tropics are described. Finally, some implications of the Mariner '69 results for atmospheric exploration by Mariner '71 are briefly discussed

Therapy related acute myeloid leukemia with t(10:16): a rare entity

Treatment related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) are well known complications after chemotherapy for various hematologic and non-hematologic malignancies. Alkylating agents and Topoisomerase inhibitors are most widely studied in this regard. There is growing concern about occurrence of t-MDS, t-MDS/AML and t-AML in patients of CLL treated with nucleoside analogues especially in combination with alkylating agents. Exact incidence and pathogenesis of nucleoside analogue related MDS/AML is not clear at this time. We hereby report a case of t-AML in a patient treated with Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide and Rituximab (FCR) for CLL. The cytogenetic studies revealed a unique translocation t (10:16), that has been reported in very few cases of therapy related AML and pediatric AML

Timing recovery after the cretaceous/paleogene boundary: evidence from Brazos River, Texas

As part of an on-going re-assessment of the Cretaceous/ Paleogene boundary in the Brazos River area, Falls County, Texas, a number of new exposures have been described. One of these, at River Bank South, provides a near continuous record of the lowermost Paleocene. It is from this succession that stable isotope analysis of bulk organic matter (δ13C and C/N) and mono-specific samples of the benthic foraminifera Lenticulina rotulata Lamarck (δ18O and δ13C) yields an orbitally-tuned stable isotope record, which allows the timing of events adjacent to the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary to be determined. Using this cyclicity, it is suggested that the on-set of biotic recovery began ∼40,000 years after the impact (near the base of Zone Pα) and that more significant recovery of planktic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils began close to the base of Zone P1a, some 85,000–100,000 years post-impact. The data also appear to record the presence of the earliest Paleocene DAN-C2 and Lower C29n hyperthermal events and that these events appear to be an accentuated segment of this orbital cyclicity

The influence of self-selected music on affect-regulated exercise intensity and remembered pleasure during treadmill running.

This study explored the influence of self-selected music on affect-regulated exercise intensity and Remembered Pleasure. Seventeen active male and female participants (28.1 ±9.9 years; BMI 23.8±3.2 kg/m2; VO2 peak 48.73±8.73 ml.min−1.kg−1) completed a maximal exercise test and each individual’s ventilatory threshold (VT) was identified. Following this, two treadmill exercise trials were performed at an intensity that was perceived to correspond to a Feeling Scale value of +3 (i.e. ‘good’). Sessions with either self-selected music or no music were completed 48 hr apart and in a randomized counterbalanced order. Affective responses (Feeling Scale) and heart rate were measured during exercise and Remembered Pleasure was measured 5-min post exercise. Results indicated that participants selected an exercise intensity that exceeded their VT during the two affect-regulated exercise sessions (p = .002, d = .99). Participants exercised with greater intensity during affect-regulated exercise with music than without (p = .045; d = 1.12) while maintaining a ‘good’ feeling. Furthermore, participants recalled the music session as more pleasurable than the no-music session (p = .001; d = .72). These results illustrate a positive ergogenic and psychological influence of music during affect-regulated exercise. Encouraging individuals to exercise at an intensity that feels ‘good’ elicits an exercise intensity sufficient to garner cardiorespiratory benefits and may lead to improved adherence. Moreover, the use of self-selected music appears to augment this effect. (226 words) Keywords: Affect, exercise, heuristics, remembered utility, physical activit

Patient population with multiple myeloma and transitions across different lines of therapy in the USA: an epidemiologic model.

PURPOSE: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a progressive, malignant neoplasia with a worldwide, age-standardized annual incidence of 1.5 per 100 000 individuals and 5-year prevalence around 230 000 patients. Main favorable prognostic factors are younger age, low/standard cytogenetic risk, and undergoing stem cell transplantation. Our aim was to estimate the size of the patient population with MM eligible to receive a new MM therapy at different lines of therapy in the USA. METHODS: We constructed a compartmental, differential equation model representing the flow of MM patients from diagnosis to death, via two possible treatment pathways and distinguished in four groups based on prognostic factors. Parameters were obtained from published references, available statistics, and assumptions. The model was used to estimate number of diagnosed MM patients and number of patient transitions from one line of therapy to the next over 1 year. Model output included 95% credible intervals from probabilistic sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: The base-case estimates were 80 219 patients living with MM, including 70 375 on treatment, 780 symptomatic untreated patients, and 9064 asymptomatic untreated patients. Over a 1-year period, the number of MM patients on treatment line 1 was estimated at 23 629 (credible intervals 22 236-25 029), and the number of transitions from treatment line 1 to treatment line 2 was estimated at 14 423. CONCLUSIONS: The size of the patient population with MM on different lines of therapy and in patient subgroups of interest estimated from this epidemiologic model can be used to assess the number of patients who could benefit from new MM therapies and their corresponding budgetary impact. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd