Communication, Relationships, and Priorities: Parental and Provider Experiences of Infant Feeding Support on the Northeast Avalon

Infant feeding is a subject of great interest and importance to those who advocate for the health and wellness of parents and babies. The infant feeding journey begins in pregnancy, as most pregnant individuals decide how they intend to feed their child before they give birth. Moreover, acquiring knowledge about the realities of infant feeding before birth is a key to success, however defined. Drawing on a longitudinal study in the Northeast Avalon region of Newfoundland, this report presents seven recommended actions to better support infant feeding, from a perspective within a province with the lowest breastfeeding rates in Canada. Informed by feminist participatory action research, the recommendations may be insightful for other regions struggling to better support infant feeding

Sex-Specific Association between Childhood BMI Trajectories and Asthma Phenotypes

Background. Asthma and obesity are two common health problems in the pediatric population. Obesity is associated with several comorbidities which are of great consequence. Excess adipose tissue has been linked to asthma in a number of studies. However, little is known about childhood body mass index (BMI) trajectories and the development of asthma phenotypes. Objective. The current study aims to investigate the significance of BMI trajectories over childhood and the risk of asthma phenotypes. Methods. The current study is a prospective cohort of children aged 0-2 years who were followed every two years for eight years through cycles one to five in the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youths (NLSCY). Statistical analysis: a latent class growth modelling (LCGM) method was used to identify BMI trajectory patterns from cycles one to five. Multiple imputation (number of imputations=5) was carried out to impute children with missing values on height or weight information. Sampling weights and 1,000 bootstrap weights were used in SAS PROC SURVEYLOGISTIC to examine the association between BMI trajectory and asthma phenotypes (persistent or transient asthma) in a multivariate analysis. Results. The study consisted of 571,790 males and 549,230 females. Among them, 46% of children showed an increasing trajectory in terms of change in BMI percentile during childhood, followed by the stable-trajectory group (41%) and decreasing-trajectory group (13%). After controlling for confounding factors, females in the increasing BMI trajectory group were four times more likely to be associated with persistent asthma (OR = 4.09; 95% CI:1.04-16.15; p = 0.0442) than females in the stable BMI trajectory group. No such relationship was found in males. The BMI trajectory was not significantly associated with risk of transient asthma for either sex. Conclusion. We report a female-specific association between increasing adiposity, measured by BMI, and persistent asthma

Poverty and Breastfeeding: Comparing Determinants of Early Breastfeeding Cessation Incidence in Socioeconomically Marginalized and Privileged Populations in the FiNaL Study

Purpose: Infant feeding differences are strongly tied to socioeconomic status. The goal of this study is to compare determinants of early breastfeeding cessation incidence in socioeconomically marginalized (SEM) and socioeconomically privileged (SEP) populations, focusing on birthing parents who intended to breastfeed. Methods: This cohort study includes data from 451 birthing parents in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador who reported intention to breastfeed in the baseline prenatal survey. Multivariate logistic regression techniques were used to assess the determinants of breastfeeding cessation at 1 month in both SEM and SEP populations. Results: The analysis data included 73 SEM and 378 SEP birthing parents who reported intention to breastfeed at baseline. At 1 month, 24.7% (18/73) in the SEM group had ceased breastfeeding compared to 6.9% (26/378) in the SEP group. In the SEP population, score on the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) (odds ratio [OR] 3.33, p=0.01) was the sole significant determinant. In the SEM population, three significant determinants were identified: unpartnered marital status (OR 5.10, p=0.05), <1 h of skin-to-skin contact after birth (OR 11.92, p=0.02), and negative first impression of breastfeeding (OR 11.07, p=0.01). Conclusion: These results indicate that determinants of breastfeeding cessation differ between SEM and SEP populations intending to breastfeed. Interventions intended on improving the SEM population's postpartum breastfeeding experience using best practices, increasing support, and ensuring at least 1 h of skin–skin contact may increase breastfeeding rates