갑상선 질환의 자가면역 병인론

Many evidences have been presented that autoimmunity plays a major part in the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases. Autoimmunity in thyroid diseases shows up as clinical and laboratory findings of disordered humoral and cellular immunity and immunogenetic background of the patients. So, to make clear the significance of humoral immunity in the autoimmune pathogenesis of thyroid diseases, most of the autoantibodies found in autoimmune thyroid diseases are discussed about their characteristics and implications. Especially in Graves' disease patients, TSH receptor antibodies are now considered to playa causative role in the genesis of disease. Our data about every aspect of these antibodies are presented. In the patients with primary myxedema TSH receptor antibodies are suspected to behave themselves as a blocker of TSH action. Then the author presents our findings about blocking TSH receptor antibodies. Cellular immunity influences the immune tolerance to self antigens in the patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases. The author reviews the roles of cellular immunity in the autoimmune thyroid diseases in the aspects of the disordered functions of the cellular immunity and its further regulatory roles in the humoral immunity, presenting our data about the functional aberrations of the regulatory immunocytes and thyrocytes. Genetic and immunogenetic background of the patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases are then reviewed with the data on HLA and disease association in Koreans, analyzing their significance in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases. The author suggests the possible mechanisms in the autoimmune pathogenesis in thyroid diseases with the present findings

한국형출혈열에서의 혈중 면역복합체에 관한 연구

To clarify the presence and the role of immune complexes in the pathogenesis of Korean hemorrhagic fever. circulating immune complexes were measured by platelet aggregation test, C1q-gel diffusion test, and polyethylene glycol precipitation test in the blood from the 24 patients during the early phase of Korean hemorrhagic fever. Serum complement and immunoglobulins were also measured. In all patients, circulating immune complexes were detected by one or more test. Detection rate of circulating immune complexes was 100% in the early phase and gradually decreased in the late phase, During the early phase of Korean hemorrhagic fever, the level of C3 decreased significantly and the level of immunogIubulin M increased from the fifth day of illness. Positive rate of circulating immune complexes were significantly correlated to decreased C3 level and severity of disease, It was concluded that circulating immune complexes play important roles in the pathogenesis of Korean hemorrhagic fever

한국형 출혈열에 있어서 Thrombokinetics에 관한 연구

To elucidate the cause of thrombocytopenia in Korean hemorrhagic fever, platelet counts, ll1In-labeled allogeneic platelet survival and bone marrow changes were assessed in the early stage in thirteen male patients with follow-up evaluation six to eight days later. 111In-labeled allogeneic platelet survival was decreased to 111.9 ±21.9 hours in the early stage when the mean platelet count was 54,OOO±28,OOOlmm3 , compared with 147.8± 18.2 hours in normal controls (p<O.Ol). Significant increase of the megakaryocyte number was observed in the bone marrow of the early stage patients while the bone marrow cellularity showed no significant changes. The megakaryocyte size revealed no significant changes. Significant correlations were found among the platelet survival, platelet count, megakaryocyte number and/or megakaryocyte size in the early stage of the disease. It was concluded that thrombocytopenia in the early stage of Korean hemorrhagic fever results from increased consumption, but not from impaired production, of the platelets

Thyroid Function Studies of Healthy Koreans and Patients with Thyroid Disease by means of I131-triiodothyronine.

The in vitro erythrocyte uptake of IJ31-TRI was determined in normal Korean subjects and patients with thyroid diseases. Concomitantly. other laboratory tests currently in use were performed in patients. 1. Erythrocyte uptake of I-13ITRI averaged 15.7±3.24 percent in normal males and 14.4±3.56 percent in normal females. No significant difference in erythrocyte 1131-TRI values according with various geographical areas of Korea was found. 2. Erythrocyte uptake of IJ3LTRI was decreased during pregnancy and restored after delivery. 3. Accuracy of erythrocyte P3LTRI uptake test as a diagnostic aid was compared with that of other currently used methods in patients with toxic and nontoxic goiter. 4. The value of erythrocyte 113LTRI were significantly decreased in hypothyroid patients and ad· ministration of thyroid extract resulted with the increase in the value

신증후출혈열(한국형출혈열)에 병발된 뇌하수체 전·후엽 기능부전증

Panhypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus of the central type developed in a 32-year-old male patient with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome confirmed by indirect immunofluorescent test. Visual disturbance, loss of consciousness and neck stiffness developed during the early course of the illness followed by persistent polyuria. Combined anterior pituitary function tests showed no response in all anterior pituitary hormones. The sella CT illustrated the features of a partial empty sella. Diagnosis of diabetes insipidus was based on water deprivation and pitressin tests. Although pituitary necrosis was observed almost in all cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome at autopsy, 10 reports dealt with cases complicated by panhypopituitarism. To our knowlege, no case of central diabetes insipidus as a complication has been reported yet, so this seems to be the first

Passivating contact-based tunnel junction Si solar cells using machine learning for tandem cell applications

Tandem solar cells are a key technology for exceeding the theoretical efficiency limit of single-junction cells. One of the most promising combinations is the silicon–perovskite tandem cells, considering their potential for high efficiency, fabrication on a large scale, and low cost. While most research focuses on improving each subcell, another key challenge lies in the tunnel junction that connects these subcells, significantly impacting the overall cell characteristics. Here, we demonstrate the first use of tunnel junctions using a stack of p+/n+ polysilicon passivating contacts deposited directly on the tunnel oxide to overcome the drawbacks of conventional metal oxide-based tunnel junctions, including low tunneling efficiency and sputter damage. Using Random Forest analysis, we achieved high implied open circuit voltages over 700 mV and low contact resistivities of 500 mΩ cm2, suggesting fill factor losses of less than 1% abs for the operating conditions of a tandem cell

Boron-doped polysilicon using spin-on doping for high-efficiency both-side passivating contact silicon solar cells

This study focuses on boron-doped p+polysilicon (poly-Si) passivating contacts using spin-on doping (SOD). Experimental conditions, including annealing conditions, SOD concentration, and poly-Si thickness, were controlled to improve passivation. Based on the analysis results, the passivation quality mainly changes with indiffusion and doping concentration, causing Auger recombination and field effects. Meanwhile, grain size also influences the passivation quality but showed marginal characteristics. Through further optimization using an etch back and diffusion barrier, the efficiency of the flat reference solar cell was improved to 17.5% with an open-circuit voltage of 695 mV using a p+ poly-Si contact emitter, the highest reported efficiency using SOD on saw-damage-etched surfaces. This study includes a detailed analysis of SOD p+ poly-Si and shows promising results with potential for application in tandem devices. Furthermore, the cell efficiency is expected to increase by controlling the doping profile and application of textured surfaces, selective emitters, and forming gas annealing (FGA).Submitted/Accepted versionThis study was supported by the“Human Resources Program inEnergy Technology”of the Korea Institute of Energy TechnologyEvaluation and Planning (KETEP). Financial resources were receivedfrom the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea(20204010600470). Furthermore, the New & Renewable Energy CoreTechnology Program of the KETEP was granted financial support fromthe Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea(20193020010390)