52,404 research outputs found
Asymptotic genealogy of a critical branching process
Consider a continuous-time binary branching process conditioned to have
population size n at some time t, and with a chance p for recording each
extinct individual in the process. Within the family tree of this process, we
consider the smallest subtree containing the genealogy of the extant
individuals together with the genealogy of the recorded extinct individuals. We
introduce a novel representation of such subtrees in terms of a point-process,
and provide asymptotic results on the distribution of this point-process as the
number of extant individuals increases. We motivate the study within the scope
of a coherent analysis for an a priori model for macroevolution.Comment: 30 page
Comment on Peterson and Selvin
A comment on an article by Peterson and Selvin dealing with the role of courts as participants in the resolution of mass tort cases is presented
Building a resource for studying translation shifts
This paper describes an interdisciplinary approach which brings together the
fields of corpus linguistics and translation studies. It presents ongoing work
on the creation of a corpus resource in which translation shifts are explicitly
annotated. Translation shifts denote departures from formal correspondence
between source and target text, i.e. deviations that have occurred during the
translation process. A resource in which such shifts are annotated in a
systematic way will make it possible to study those phenomena that need to be
addressed if machine translation output is to resemble human translation. The
resource described in this paper contains English source texts (parliamentary
proceedings) and their German translations. The shift annotation is based on
predicate-argument structures and proceeds in two steps: first, predicates and
their arguments are annotated monolingually in a straightforward manner. Then,
the corresponding English and German predicates and arguments are aligned with
each other. Whenever a shift - mainly grammatical or semantic -has occurred,
the alignment is tagged accordingly.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figur
Can Human Beings Truly Be Considered Free?
There exists a complex relationship between human freedom and God\u27s divine foreknowledge; the questions surrounding this topic abound and are difficult to answer. The question arises, if God knows all that we think and do, now and in the future, and has Providence over all of our actions, are we truly free; do we have free will? I assert that we do. The arguments that would pit God\u27s foreknowledge and human freedom against each other as incompatible have a faulty foundation surrounding the nature of God\u27s knowledge, His Being, and our purpose in the world. Essentially, the nature of God\u27s knowledge is not deterministic, and His knowing does not necessitate that actions happen as they will; they do not happen because He knows, He knows because they happen. Additionally, God created us with a particular nature, and that nature includes a free will as human beings. God can neither impede nor prevent this nature, as He would actually, in effect, be contradicting His own nature as well as ours. We as beings are made to fulfill our natures, and thus we were made to act freely. God\u27s providence exists in that He made us, and made us to fulfill our particular natures, and as such, we are naturally inclined towards the good and towards our divine end and Creator. The divine end and purpose exists for us all, but it is our free will which allows us to choose to fulfill or not fulfill this nature. Once the true nature and metaphysics of God\u27s knowledge and being, our nature as humans, and our purpose as humans are understood, we can better attempt to reconcile the idea of God\u27s foreknowledge and providence with our freedom and free will as human beings
Liberalism, Community, and State Borders
Legal doctrine is a collection of technicalities, but it is not only that.It is also, often, something more. Legal doctrines embody intuitionsabout justice, fairness, efficiency-all the values held by the individualswho contribute to their formulation. Faced with problems that lackclear legal answers, judges grope for appropriate solutions; in their groping,they follow deeply held intuitions about what the law ought to be. Itshould be of no surprise that even some of the humblest legal doctrinesreflect much larger philosophical assumptions
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICTS OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS ON âDECEPTIONSâ NOVEL BY JUDITH MICHAEL
In literary works, especially novel, we find various kinds of problems, which take place in the daily life of human beings. Novel is a story in prose, long enough to fill one or more volumes about imaginary or historical people. Therefore a novel includes psychological conflicts as its component. In facts, that the students can learn much from literary works, especially novel which gives them a picture of life. The purpose of this study was to answer the research problems, that is to find out: the psychological conflicts faced by the main characters, the most dominant conflict that faced by the main characters, and the way of the main characters solve their problems. The method that is used in this study was descriptive method because there is no administration or control of treatment. It followed the procedures of the objective approach in which the writer applied the literary research, after that she selected the supporting data, such as books, and literary theories. The result of this study shows that the types of psychological conflicts that the main characters faced are Avoidance-Avoidance Conflicts and Approach-Avoidance Conflicts. The most dominant psychological conflicts faced the main characters are the former because they exist more frequently than the later in this story. And the solution of Avoidance-Avoidance Conflicts shows that Sabrina finally determines to receives Stephanieâs desire, Sabrina finally decides to stay in Stephanieâs house, Sabrina finally decides to tells the truth to other people that actually she is not Stephanie but Sabrina. And the solution of Approach-Avoidance Conflicts shows that Garth finally decides to receive Sabrina as his wife and also forgives her
Age at the Start of Birth Control Use and How it Affects Safe Sex Decision Making
In this research, I wanted to explore age at the start of birth control use and whether that has an effect on safe sex decision making in a sexual situation. To gather findings, a survey was administered to UNH students. There was a total of 393 respondents. 322 people answered the independent variable question and 321 people answered the dependent variable question. The independent variable question in the survey asked; âBefore entering college, did you ever use birth control (such as condom, pill, IUD, etc.)â and the dependent variable question asked; ââHave you ever had sex without birth control because your partner persuaded you not to?ââ Of the 97 people who responded ânoâ to the independent variable question, 13 answered âyesâ to the dependent variable question (13.4%). Of the 224 that responded âyesâ to the independent variable question, 53 responded âyesâ to the dependent variable question (23.66%). From this research, we found that beginning birth control use before college does not relate to letting a partner sway your decision to use birth control in a sexual situation
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