Remote preparation of continuous-variable qubits using loss-tolerant hybrid entanglement of light

Transferring quantum information between distant nodes of a network is a key capability. This transfer can be realized via remote state preparation where two parties share entanglement and the sender has full knowledge of the state to be communicated. Here we demonstrate such a process between heterogeneous nodes functioning with different information encodings, i.e., particle-like discrete-variable optical qubits and wave-like continuous-variable ones. Using hybrid entanglement of light as a shared resource, we prepare arbitrary coherent-state superpositions controlled by measurements on the distant discrete-encoded node. The remotely prepared states are fully characterized by quantum state tomography and negative Wigner functions are obtained. This work demonstrates a novel capability to bridge discrete- and continuous-variable platforms

High-efficiency WSi superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum state engineering in the near infrared

We report on high-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors based on amorphous WSi and optimized at 1064 nm. At an operating temperature of 1.8 K, we demonstrated a 93% system detection efficiency at this wavelength with a dark noise of a few counts per second. Combined with cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion, this fiber-coupled detector enabled us to generate narrowband single photons with a heralding efficiency greater than 90% and a high spectral brightness of $0.6\times10^4$ photons/(s$\cdot$mW$\cdot$MHz). Beyond single-photon generation at large rate, such high-efficiency detectors open the path to efficient multiple-photon heralding and complex quantum state engineering

Demonstration of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering Using Hybrid Continuous- and Discrete-Variable Entanglement of Light

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is known to be a key resource for one-sided device-independent quantum information protocols. Here we demonstrate steering using hybrid entanglement between continuous- and discrete-variable optical qubits. To this end, we report on suitable steering inequalities and detail the implementation and requirements for this demonstration. Steering is experimentally certified by observing a violation by more than 5 standard deviations. Our results illustrate the potential of optical hybrid entanglement for applications in heterogeneous quantum networks that would interconnect disparate physical platforms and encodings

Is there an optimal strategy for real-time continuous glucose monitoring in pediatrics? A 12-month French multi-center, prospective, controlled randomized trial (Start-In!)

AIM: To compare the efficacy of three strategies for real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) over 12 months in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: A French multicenter trial (NCT00949221) with a randomized, controlled, prospective, open, and parallel-group design was conducted. After 3 months of RT-CGM, patients were allocated to one of three groups: return to self-monitoring of blood glucose, continuous CGM (80% of the time), or discontinuous CGM (40% of the time). The primary outcome was hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels from 3 to 12 months. The secondary outcomes were acute metabolic events, hypoglycemia, satisfaction with CGM and cost. RESULTS: We included 151 subjects, aged 2 to 17 years, with a mean HbA1c level of 8.5% (SD0.7; 69 mmol/mol). The longitudinal change in HbA1c levels was similar in all three groups, at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The medical secondary endpoints did not differ between groups. The rate of severe hypoglycemia was significantly lower than that for the pretreatment year for the entire study population. Subjects reported consistent use and good tolerance of the device, regardless of age or insulin treatment. The use of full-time RT-CGM for 3 months costs the national medical insurance system €2629 per patient. CONCLUSION: None of the three long-term RT-CGM strategies evaluated in pediatric type 1 diabetes was superior to the others in terms of HbA1c levels. CGM-use for 3 months decreased rates of severe hypoglycemia. Our results confirm the feasibility of long-term RT-CGM-use and the need to improve educational support for patients and caregivers

The Treatment In Morning versus Evening (TIME) study:Analysis of recruitment, follow-up and retention rates post-recruitment

Abstract Background The use of information technology (IT) is now the preferred method of capturing and storing clinical research data. The Treatment In Morning versus Evening (TIME) study predominantly uses electronic data capture and IT to compare morning dosing of hypertensive medication against evening dosing. Registration, consent, participant demographics and follow-up data are all captured via the study website. The aim of this article is to assess the success of the TIME methodology compared with similar studies. Methods To assess the TIME study, published literature on similar clinical trials was reviewed and compared against TIME recruitment, follow-up and email interaction data. Results The TIME website registered 31,695 individuals, 21,116 of whom were randomised. Recruitment cost per randomised participant varied by strategy: £17.40 by GP practice, £3.08 by UK Biobank and £58.82 for GoShare. Twelve-month follow-up retention rates were 96%. A total of 1089 participants have withdrawn from their assigned time of dosing, 2% of whom have declined follow-up by record linkage or further contact. When the TIME data are compared with similar study data, study recruitment is very successful. However, TIME suffers difficulties with participant follow-up and withdrawal rates similar to those of conventional studies. Conclusions The TIME study has been successful in recruitment. Follow-up, retention rates and withdrawal rates are all acceptable, but ongoing work is required to ensure participants remain engaged with the study. Various recruitment strategies are necessary, and all viable options should be encouraged to maintain participant engagement throughout the life of studies using IT

Association of socioeconomic status with overall overweight and central obesity in men and women: the French Nutrition and Health Survey 2006

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Identification of subpopulations at high risk of overweight and obesity is crucial for prevention and management of obesity in different socioeconomic status (SES) categories. The objective of the study was to describe disparities in the prevalence of overweight and obesity across socioeconomic status (SES) groups in 18–74 year-old French adults.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Analyses were based on a multistage stratified random sample of non-institutionalized adults aged 18–74-years-old from the French Nutrition and Health Survey (ENNS), a cross-sectional national survey carried out in 2006/2007. Collected data included measured anthropometry (weight, height and waist circumference (WC)), demographic and SES data (occupation, education and frequency of holiday trips as a marker of family income). SES factors associated with overweight (BMI ≥ 25) and central obesity (WC above gender-specific references) were identified using multiple logistic regression.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Almost half (49.3%) of French adults were overweight or obese and 16.9% were obese. In men, the risk of overall overweight or obesity was associated with occupation (p < 0.05), whereas the risk of central obesity was independently associated with occupation (p < 0.05) and frequency of holiday trips (p < 0.01). In women, both overall and central overweight and obesity were independently associated with educational level (respectively p < 10^-3and p < 10^-3) and frequency of holiday trips (respectively p < 0.05 and p < 10^-3).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be similar to that of several neighbouring western European countries, and lower than the UK and eastern Europe. Risk of being overweight or obese varied across SES groups both in men and women, but associations were different between men and women, indicating differing determinants.</p