Effects of vitamin E and selenium yeast on cognitive performance of pups whose dams were subjected to prenatal noise stress

This study investigated the effects of vitamin E and selenium yeast on the cognitive performance of pups whose dams were subjected to prenatal noise stress (PNS). Twenty-five pregnant Wistar rats were divided into five groups, group 1 (negative control; received 1 mL/kg of distilled water without noise stress (NS); group 2: (positive control), received 1 mL/kg of distilled water group 3: received vitamin E; 100 mg/kg/day group 4: selenium yeast (0.4 mg/kg/day) and group 5: vitamin E (100 mg/kg/day bw) and selenium yeast (0.4 mg/kg/day). All administrations were done 30 min before the induction of white noise at 100 dB/4 h (0900–1300 h) /day for 15 days. On gestational day 21, five pups (n = 5) were randomly selected from each group. The pups were subjected to cognitive tests using the Y-maze apparatus on days 21 and 22. All experimental animals were sacrificed on day 23 for tissue processing. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and a value of p˂0.05 was considered statistically significant. The serum corticosterone (CORT) levels statistically increased in group 2 (p˂0.001) compared with groups 1, 3, 4 and 5. Brain homogenate showed an increased level of Malondialdehyde (MDA), decreased levels of glutathione reeducates (Gpx), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in group 2 compared to 1. Glial cell activation was prominient in group 2 compared to group 1. Prenatal noise stress-induced cognitive impairments in pups whose dams were exposed to NS, but this impairment was mitigated with the administration of vitamin E, selenium yeast and combined administration of selenium yeast and vitamin E

Molecular docking and anti-ulcerative potential of Cucumis (L. Inodorous) on ibuprofen induced gastric ulceration in male wistar animals

Background: The use of NSAIDs have caused stomach injury by inhibiting endogenous mucosal prostaglandin production. Cucumis melo is reported to possess antiulcer potential. This study investigates the mechanism underlying the antiulcer potentials of Cucumis melo (CUM). Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rat were randomly assigned to each of seven groups; A(control given water and rat pellets), B(gastric ulcer induced with ibuprofen 400 mg/kg), C (Misoprotol 200 μg/kg), D to G (pretreated with different variation of CUM extract; 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % at a dose of 1 ml/kg for 3 weeks prior to gastric ulcer induction). Ulcer score, ulcer index and percentage inhibition, total gastric acidity was measured. Antioxidant activities, Malondialdehyde, H+/K+ ATPase, PGE2, TNF-α was done by spectrophotometry. Molecular docking investigation of Cucumis melo compounds against Prostaglandin E2 was carried out. Level of significance was tested at P ≤ 0.05 using Tukey post hoc. Result: Total gastric acidity, ulcer score, ulcer index, MDA, TNF-α significantly decreased after CUM treatment when compared to group B. The percentage inhibition, antioxidant activities, PGE2 concentration was significantly increased in all treatment groups compared to group B. Interactions of selected compounds of CUM with Prostaglandin E2 at various docking pockets showed folic acid has highest binding affinity followed by delta7-avenasterol and codisterol to PGE2 receptor. this study shows that one of the mechanisms by which CUM exhibits its antiulcer potential by enhancing Prostaglandin synthesis and antioxidant capacity. Therefore, Cucumis melo can therefore be explored as novel antiulcer agents