77 research outputs found
Reduction of Effective Terahertz Focal Spot Size By Means Of Nested Concentric Parabolic Reflectors
An ongoing limitation of terahertz spectroscopy is that the technique is
generally limited to the study of relatively large samples of order 4 mm across
due to the generally large size of the focal beam spot. We present a nested
concentric parabolic reflector design which can reduce the terahertz focal spot
size. This parabolic reflector design takes advantage of the feature that
reflected rays experience a relative time delay which is the same for all
paths. The increase in effective optical path for reflected light is equivalent
to the aperture diameter itself. We have shown that the light throughput of an
aperture of 2 mm can be increased by a factor 15 as compared to a regular
aperture of the same size at low frequencies. This technique can potentially be
used to reduce the focal spot size in terahertz spectroscopy and enable the
study of smaller samples
Valence bond phases of herbertsmithite and related copper kagome materials
Recent evidence from magnetic torque, electron spin resonance, and second harmonic generation indicate that the prototypical quantum spin liquid candidate, herbertsmithite, has a symmetry lower than its x-ray refined trigonal space group. Here we consider known and possible distortions of this mineral class, along with related copper kagome oxides and fluorides, relate these to possible valence bond patterns, and comment on their relevance to the physics of these interesting materials
Hierarchy of exchange interactions in the triangular-lattice spin-liquid YbMgGaO
The spin-1/2 triangular lattice antiferromagnet YbMgGaO has attracted
recent attention as a quantum spin-liquid candidate with the possible presence
of off-diagonal anisotropic exchange interactions induced by spin-orbit
coupling. Whether a quantum spin-liquid is stabilized or not depends on the
interplay of various exchange interactions with chemical disorder that is
inherent to the layered structure of the compound. We combine time-domain
terahertz spectroscopy and inelastic neutron scattering measurements in the
field polarized state of YbMgGaO to obtain better microscopic insights on
its exchange interactions. Terahertz spectroscopy in this fashion functions as
high-field electron spin resonance and probes the spin-wave excitations at the
Brillouin zone center, ideally complementing neutron scattering. A global
spin-wave fit to all our spectroscopic data at fields over 4T, informed by the
analysis of the terahertz spectroscopy linewidths, yields stringent constraints
on -factors and exchange interactions. Our results paint YbMgGaO as an
easy-plane XXZ antiferromagnet with the combined and necessary presence of
sub-leading next-nearest neighbor and weak anisotropic off-diagonal
nearest-neighbor interactions. Moreover, the obtained -factors are
substantially different from previous reports. This works establishes the
hierarchy of exchange interactions in YbMgGaO from high-field data alone
and thus strongly constrains possible mechanisms responsible for the observed
spin-liquid phenomenology
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