Analyzing cross-talk between superimposed signals: Vector norm dependent hidden Markov models and applications

We propose and investigate a hidden Markov model (HMM) for the analysis of aggregated, super-imposed two-state signal recordings. A major motivation for this work is that often these recordings cannot be observed individually but only their superposition. Among others, such models are in high demand for the understanding of cross-talk between ion channels, where each single channel might take two different states which cannot be measured separately. As an essential building block we introduce a parametrized vector norm dependent Markov chain model and characterize it in terms of permutation invariance as well as conditional independence. This leads to a hidden Markov chain "sum" process which can be used for analyzing aggregated two-state signal observations within a HMM. Additionally, we show that the model parameters of the vector norm dependent Markov chain are uniquely determined by the parameters of the "sum" process and are therefore identifiable. Finally, we provide algorithms to estimate the parameters and apply our methodology to real-world ion channel data measurements, where we show competitive gating.Comment: An R package can be found at: https://github.com/ljvanegas/VN

Advanced Non-animal Models in Biomedical Research: Breast Cancer

The European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) has undertaken a study to review available and emerging non-animal models in the field of breast cancer. In this literature review around 120,000 scientific papers on breast cancer were screened and from those a total of 935 models were identified as being the most representative and promising. These models are based mainly on techniques that use cells and tissues cultured in the laboratory (in vitro), computer modelling and simulation (in silico) or cells and tissues explanted from a patient (ex vivo). This study has produced a unique and highly curated knowledge base that contains detailed descriptions of 935 non-animal models being used for breast cancer research. It is freely available to download and can serve the needs of multiple stakeholders: researchers, educators, funding bodies, and support the implementation of Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.JRC.F.3-Chemicals Safety and Alternative Method

The best swing

[EN] The gesture of the golf swing is a complex movement involving the participation of virtually all segments of the musculoskeletal system, it is also a gesture with a difficult technical execution and it could sometimes be harmful for the golf player. Therefore, IBV makes available to both amateur and professional golfers a set of biomechanical techniques applied to the analysis and improvement of golf technique, biomechanical adaptation and personalized ergonomic of the swing gesture and injury prevention.[ES] El gesto del swing en golf es un movimiento complejo que implica la participación de prácticamente todos los segmentos del sistema musculoesquelético. Además, es un gesto de difícil ejecución técnica que en ocasiones puede resultar lesivo. Por todo ello, el Instituto de Biomecánica (IBV) pone al alcance de golfistas tanto amateurs como profesionales un conjunto de técnicas biomecánicas aplicadas al análisis y a la mejora de la técnica deportiva, a la adaptación biomecánica y ergonómica personalizada del gesto y a la prevención de lesiones.Baydal Bertomeu, JM.; Espí Guerola, L.; Garrido Jaen, JD.; Alcantara Alcover, E.; Magraner Llavador, L.; Dura Gil, J.; Gómez Herrero, JA.... (2013). El mejor swing. Revista de biomecánica. 60:11-13. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/38660S11136

A genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma is a cancer with rising incidence and poor survival. Most such cancers arise in a specialized intestinal metaplastic epithelium, which is diagnostic of Barrett's esophagus. In a genome-wide association study, we compared esophageal adenocarcinoma cases (n = 2,390) and individuals with precancerous Barrett's esophagus (n = 3,175) with 10,120 controls in 2 phases. For the combined case group, we identified three new associations. The first is at 19p13 (rs10419226: P = 3.6 × 10(-10)) in CRTC1 (encoding CREB-regulated transcription coactivator), whose aberrant activation has been associated with oncogenic activity. A second is at 9q22 (rs11789015: P = 1.0 × 10(-9)) in BARX1, which encodes a transcription factor important in esophageal specification. A third is at 3p14 (rs2687201: P = 5.5 × 10(-9)) near the transcription factor FOXP1, which regulates esophageal development. We also refine a previously reported association with Barrett's esophagus near the putative tumor suppressor gene FOXF1 at 16q24 and extend our findings to now include esophageal adenocarcinoma

Modelling human choices: MADeM and decision‑making

Research supported by FAPESP 2015/50122-0 and DFG-GRTK 1740/2. RP and AR are also part of the Research, Innovation and Dissemination Center for Neuromathematics FAPESP grant (2013/07699-0). RP is supported by a FAPESP scholarship (2013/25667-8). ACR is partially supported by a CNPq fellowship (grant 306251/2014-0)

Asuhan Kebidanan Berkelanjutan Pada Ny.M.T G1 P0 A0 Di Puskesmas Oepoi Kecamatan Oebobo periode tanggal 04 April sampai 26 Mei 2022

Latar Belakang: Puskesmas Oepoi Kupang pada tahun 2019 angka kematian neonatal berjumlah 4 kasus, bayi berjumlah 3 kasus dan balita berjumlah 3 kasus sedangkan angka kematian ibu (AKI) berjumlah 1 kasus pada tahun 2021 angka kematian neonatal berjumlah 4 kasus, bayi berjumlah 2 kasus dan balita berjumlah 4 kasus tetapi pada tahun ini tidak terdapat angka kematian ibu (AKI) di Puskesmas Oepoi Kupang. (Puskesmas Oepoi Kupang 2022). Tujuan: Mampu melakukan asuhan kebidanan berkelanjutan berdasarkan 7 langkah varney dan pendokumentasian SOAP pada Ny. M.T di Puskesmas Oepoi periode 14 Maret sampai 28 Mei 2022 Metode Penelitian: Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode pedekatan studi kasus, yang dilaksanakan pada Ny. M.T di Puskesmas Oepoi, teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil Penelitian: Setelah dilakukan asuhan kebidanan berkelanjutan pada Ny. M.T penulis mendapatkan hasil dimana pada kehamilan, ibu melakukan kunjungan dan selama penulis memberikan asuhan, tidak terdapat penyulit apapun, dalam memberikan asuhan pada kala I sampai kala IV persalinan tidak terdapat penyulit dan prosesnya berjalan normal, pada kunjungan 2 jam sampai 4 minggu postpartum serta kunjungan pada bayi baru lahir berjalan normal dan tidak terdapat penyulit. Kesimpulan: Setelah melakukan asuhan kebidanan berkelanjutan pada ibu dari masa kehamilan sampai bersalin, ibu dan bayi dalam kondisi yang sehat dan ibu mau menerima dan mengikuti anjuran yang diberikan, ibu menggunakan alat kontrasepsi implant untuk sementara karena masih menunggu keputusan dari suam

EURL ECVAM Literature Review Series on Advanced Non-Animal Models for Respiratory Diseases, Breast Cancer and Neurodegenerative Disorders

In vivo models are used in biomedical research to reproduce human disease and develop new drugs. However, they do not mimic the disease as it occurs in humans, and their use has failed to identify novel therapies effective for many highly prevalent non-communicable diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Indeed, the clinical failure rate in drug development remains very high, with an overall likelihood of approval from Phase I of about 9.6%. On the other hand, human-based models, advanced imaging techniques and human epidemiological studies may increase our understanding of disease aetiology and pathogenesis and enable the advance of safe and effective therapies. Particularly when human tissues are used, they may produce faster, cheaper results, more predictive for humans, whilst yielding greater comprehensions of human biochemical processes. A first effort to collect existing knowledge about non-animal models of highly prevalent human diseases was made by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. The final aim was to identify and share information on the capabilities and limits of human-based models at different levels: scientific communities, universities and secondary schools, national committees for animal welfare and the public at large

Crystal structure of tricarbonyl(N-diphenylphosphanyl-N,N′-diisopropyl-P-phenylphosphonous diamide-κ2P,P′)cobalt(I) tetracarbonylcobaltate(−I) toluene 0.25-solvate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Co(C24H30N2P2)(CO)3][Co(CO)4]·0.25C7H8, consists of two crystallographically independent cations with similar conformations, two anions, and one-half of a toluene molecule disordered about an inversion centre. In the cations, a Co/P/N/P four-membered slightly bent metallacycle is the key structural element. The pendant NH group is not coordinated to the CoI atom, which displays a distorted trigonal–bipyramidal coordination geometry. Weak interionic hydrogen bonds are observed between the NH groups and a carbonyl group of the tetrahedral [Co(CO)4]− anions

Light driven proton reduction heading for applicability: attempts to substitute noble metal containing components

Im Rahmen der Erforschung erneuerbarer Energien erhält die CO2-neutrale Wasserstoffproduktion besonderes Interesse. Dafür kann unter Verwendung von Multikomponentensystemen Wasser als Ausgangsverbindung und Sonnenlicht als Energiequelle verwendet werden. In vier Teilprojekten wurden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Dissertation Versuche unternommen, solche Systeme mit (edel)metallfreien Photosensibilisatoren und Katalysatoren auszustatten, um die lichtgetriebene Wasserstoffproduktion konkurrenzfähiger zu machen.Concerning the research on alternative energy sources CO2 neutral hydrogene generation gaines special interest. This includes multicomponent catalyst systems which use sun light as energy source and water as starting compound to evolve hydrogene. Four sub-projects are presented addressing possibilities to substitute (noble) metal containing photosensitisers or catalysts. Hereby making light driven hydrogene production more competitive