Tratamento da congestão pélvica associada a varizes dos membros inferiores: relato de uma pequena série de casos Treatment of pelvic congestion associated with varicose veins of the lower limbs: report of a small number of cases

A síndrome de congestão pélvica é definida por critérios anatômicos, hemodinâmicos e clínicos, decorrentes da hipertensão e estase venocapilar no território pélvico, podendo ser estendido aos membros inferiores. A presença de varizes dos membros inferiores pode estar ou não relacionada ao refluxo do sistema safeno e, nos casos de ausência do refluxo safeno, o refluxo pélvico apresenta-se como importante fator etiológico responsável pelo aparecimento e recidiva da doença venosa nos membros inferiores. Os autores relatam uma pequena série de três casos de pacientes jovens portadoras de síndrome de congestão pélvica associada à varizes dos membros inferiores tratadas por embolização pélvica e tratamento cirúrgico das varizes de membros inferiores, no mesmo tempo cirúrgico, com bons resultados iniciais e ausência de complicações embólicas.<br>The pelvic congestion syndrome is defined by anatomical criteria, hemodynamic and clinical result of hypertension and venocapillary stasis in the pelvic area and can be extended to the lower limbs. The presence of varicose veins of the lower limbs may or may not correlate reflux of the saphenous system and, in cases of absence of saphenous reflux, the reflux pelvic presents itself as an important etiological factor responsible for recurrence of venous disease in lower limbs. The authors report a small series of three cases of young patients suffering from pelvic congestion syndrome associated with varicose veins of the lower limbs treated by pelvic embolization and surgical treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs during the surgical procedure with good initial results and no embolic complications

A tissue kallikrein in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Tissue kallikrein is an enzyme that forms the vasoactive peptide kallidin from an endogenous substrate L-kininogen. Tissue kallikrein has been identified in joint fluids and in inflammatory infiltrates within synovial membranes. It is suggested that tissue kallikrein and kinins have an important role in synovitis and joint damage. Immunoreactive tissue kallikrein and amidase activity were both measured in the synovial fluid of 24 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 12 with osteoarthritis (OA). Active enzyme concentrations were higher in RA than in OA and correlated well with the lysosomal enzymes beta-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase. Both total immunoreactive tissue kallikrein and the proenzyme values were similar in RA and OA. Tissue kallikrein was localised by immunocytochemistry to the polymorphonuclear leucocytes present in the synovial fluid and membranes of patients with RA