Synthesis and reactivity of osmium (VI) nitrido complexes containing pyridine-carboxylato ligands

A series of osmium(VI) nitrido complexes containing pyridine-carboxylato ligands OsVI(N)(L)2X (L = pyridine-2carboxylate (1), 2-quinaldinate (2) and X = Cl (a), Br (1b and 2c) or CH3O (2b)) and [OsVI(N)(L)X3]- (L = pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate (3) and X = Cl (a) or Br (b)) have been synthesised. Complexes 1 and 2 are electrophilic and react readily with various nucleophiles such as phosphine, sulfide and azide. Reaction of OsVI(N)(L)2X (1 and 2) with triphenylphosphine produces the osmium(IV) phosphiniminato complexes OsVI(NPPh3)(L)2X (4 and 5). The kinetics of nitrogen atom transfer from the complexes OsVI(N)(L)2Br (2c) (L = 2-quinaldinate) with triphenylphosphine have been studied in CH3CN at 25.0 °C by stopped-flow spectrophotometric method. The following rate law is obtained: -d[Os(VI)]/dt = k2[Os(VI)][PPh3]. OsVI(N)(L)2Cl (L = 2-quinaldinate) (2a) reacts also with [PPN](N3) to give an osmium(III) dichloro complex, trans-[PPN][OsIII(L)2Cl2] (6). Reaction of OsVI(N)(L)2Cl (L = 2-quinaldinate) (2a) with lithium sulfide produces an osmium(II) thionitrosyl complex OsII(NS)(L)2Cl (7). These complexes have been structurally characterised by X-ray crystallography. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Kinetics and Mechanism of the Oxidation of Alkylaromatic Compounds by a trans-Dioxoruthenium(VI) Complex

The oxidations of a series of 21 alkylaromatic compounds by trans-[Ru VI(L)(O) 2] 2+ (L = 1,12-dimethyl-3,4:9,10-dibenzo-1,12-diaza-5,8-dioxacyclopentadecane) have been studied in CH 3CN. Toluene is oxidized to benzaldehyde and a small amount of benzyl alcohol. 9,10-Dihydroanthracene is oxidized to anthracene and anthraquinone. Other substrates give oxygenated products. The kinetics of the reactions were monitored by UV-vis spectrophotometry, and the rate law is: -d[R VI]/dt = k 2[Ru VI][ArCH 3]. The kinetic isotope effects for the oxidation of toluene/d 8-toluene and fluorene/d 10-fluorene are 15 and 10.5, respectively. A plot of ΔH‡ versus ΔS‡ is linear, suggesting a common mechanism for all the substrates. In the oxidation of para-substituted toluenes, a linear correlation between log k 2 and σ 0 values is observed, consistent with a benzyl radical intermediate. A linear correlation between ΔG‡ and ΔH 0 (the difference between the strength of the bond being broken and that being formed in a H-atom transfer step) is also found, which strongly supports a hydrogen atom transfer mechanism for the oxidation of these substrates by trans-[Ru VI(L)(O) 2] 2+. The slope of (0.61 ± 0.06) is in reasonable agreement with the theoretical slope of 0.5 predicted by Marcus theory.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Characteristics of Adults in the Hepatitis B Research Network in North America Reflect Their Country of Origin and Hepatitis B Virus Genotype

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide; populations that migrate to the United States and Canada might be affected disproportionately. The Hepatitis B Research Network (HBRN) is a cooperative network of investigators from the United States and Canada, created to facilitate clinical, therapeutic, and translational research in adults and children with hepatitis B. We describe the structure of the network and baseline characteristics of adults with hepatitis B enrolled in the network. METHODS: The HBRN collected data on the clinical characteristics of 1625 adults with chronic HBV infection who are not receiving antiviral therapy from 21 clinical centers in North America. RESULTS: Half of the subjects in the HBRN are men, and the median age is 42 years; 72% are Asian, 15% are black, and 11% are white; with 82% born outside of North America. The most common HBV genotype was B (39%); 74% of subjects were negative for the hepatitis B e antigen. The median serum level of HBV DNA when the study began was 3.6 log(10) IU/mL; 68% of male subjects and 67% of female subjects had alanine aminotransferase levels higher than the normal range. CONCLUSIONS: The HBRN cohort is used to address important clinical and therapeutic questions for North Americans infected with chronic HBV and to guide health policies on HBV prevention and management in North America