Study of adequacy of informed consent in caesarean section in a tertiary care, teaching and research institute of Northern India

Background: Informed consent consists of availing information to the patient in an understandable manner without coercion to allow the patient to make an informed decision about their healthcare. In the case of caesarean section, information must include name, nature, proposed benefits of the procedure, risks of the procedure, alternative procedures, implications on the future reproductive health and anesthetic options. Aim and objective: To study the adequacy of informed consent in patients who undergo caesarean section at PT. B. D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak.Methods: It was a cross sectional study. The study population was the group of patients who underwent emergency or elective caesarean section at PGIMS, Rohtak. A pretested questionnaire was adopted from a study carried out at School of Medicine, University of Zambia and was administered to the patients.Results: It was found that majority of the patients were in the age group of 21-30 years and most of them (71%) were from the rural areas. In 90% of the cases the outcome of caesarean section was term live births and majority of them (84%) were emergency caesarean section. The patients were asked fourteen questions regarding various aspects of informed consent based on the five point Likert scale.Conclusions: Majority of the caesarean sections were performed due to some emergency indications. It was found that overall patients were well informed about the procedure and the related consequences.

Sociodemographic profiling and study of maternal and perinatal outcome in patients suffering from eclampsia

Background: Eclampsia is defined as the occurrence of convulsions, not caused by any coincidental neurological disease such as Epilepsy, in a woman whose condition also meets the criteria for preeclampsia. The incidence is about 1:1600 pregnancies. Eclampsia is an acute obstetric emergency and quick treatment and timely decision making is required to get the best maternal and fetal outcome. The aim and objectives of the study was to socio demographic profile of the patients admitted with eclampsia and maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with eclampsia.Methods: It was a record based retrospective study. The hospital files of patients admitted for the treatment of eclampsia during Oct 2012 to Dec 2013 were retrieved and were extensively studied. The data was entered in Microsoft excel and data base was created, appropriate statistical tests were applied and results were studied.Results: It was found that majority of patients (74%) belonged to age group of 21-30 years, were un booked (96%) and 65% belonged to rural areas. Sixty five percent (65%) of patients were admitted at less than 37 weeks of the gestational age and 67% of patients were primigravida. Majority of them had history of being normotensive. Majority of patients (62%) were delivered by Caesarean section.  Maternal mortality was found in six percent of the patients.  Conclusions: Eclampsia is a frightening complication of pregnancy. It is life threatening to mother and fetus, however early treatment and delivery improves maternal and perinatal outcome

A retrospective study of maternal and perinatal outcome in patients of postpartum haemorrhage in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the most important causes of maternal mortality and morbidity. Maternal Hemorrhage is the commonest cause of maternal mortality in India. Identification of risk factors, early diagnosis and timely intervention can help in reducing significant maternal morbidity and mortality due to post-partum hemorrhage. The aim and objectives of the study was to study socio-demographic profile of patients admitted with the diagnosis of post-partum Haemorrhage, to study the various risk factors and causes of post-partum Haemorrhage, to study maternal and perinatal outcome in patients suffering from post-partum haemorrhage.Methods: It was a record based retrospective study. Files of the patients admitted with diagnosis of postpartum haemorrhage from September 2014 to February 2015 were retrieved and detailed analysis was done regarding patients’ socio demographic characteristics, various risk factors, causes and maternal and perinatal outcome.Results: It was a record based retrospective study. It was found that majority (88%) of the patients belonged to age group of 21-30 years. Majority of them (59%) were from rural background. It was found that the commonest (26%) risk factor associated with postpartum hemorrhage in our study was prolonged labour, followed by ante partum hemorrhage (20%). It was found that the commonest (68%) underlying cause of postpartum hemorrhage was atonicity of uterus, followed by genital tract trauma (24%).Conclusions: Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the biggest menace in today’s times. It adds to significant maternal morbidity and mortality

Sociodemographic profiling and study of maternal and perinatal outcome in patients suffering from eclampsia

Background: Eclampsia is defined as the occurrence of convulsions, not caused by any coincidental neurological disease such as Epilepsy, in a woman whose condition also meets the criteria for preeclampsia. The incidence is about 1:1600 pregnancies. Eclampsia is an acute obstetric emergency and quick treatment and timely decision making is required to get the best maternal and fetal outcome. The aim and objectives of the study was to socio demographic profile of the patients admitted with eclampsia and maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with eclampsia.Methods: It was a record based retrospective study. The hospital files of patients admitted for the treatment of eclampsia during Oct 2012 to Dec 2013 were retrieved and were extensively studied. The data was entered in Microsoft excel and data base was created, appropriate statistical tests were applied and results were studied.Results: It was found that majority of patients (74%) belonged to age group of 21-30 years, were un booked (96%) and 65% belonged to rural areas. Sixty five percent (65%) of patients were admitted at less than 37 weeks of the gestational age and 67% of patients were primigravida. Majority of them had history of being normotensive. Majority of patients (62%) were delivered by Caesarean section.  Maternal mortality was found in six percent of the patients.  Conclusions: Eclampsia is a frightening complication of pregnancy. It is life threatening to mother and fetus, however early treatment and delivery improves maternal and perinatal outcome

A retrospective study of maternal and perinatal outcome in patients of postpartum haemorrhage in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the most important causes of maternal mortality and morbidity. Maternal Hemorrhage is the commonest cause of maternal mortality in India. Identification of risk factors, early diagnosis and timely intervention can help in reducing significant maternal morbidity and mortality due to post-partum hemorrhage. The aim and objectives of the study was to study socio-demographic profile of patients admitted with the diagnosis of post-partum Haemorrhage, to study the various risk factors and causes of post-partum Haemorrhage, to study maternal and perinatal outcome in patients suffering from post-partum haemorrhage. Methods: It was a record based retrospective study. Files of the patients admitted with diagnosis of postpartum haemorrhage from September 2014 to February 2015 were retrieved and detailed analysis was done regarding patients' socio demographic characteristics, various risk factors, causes and maternal and perinatal outcome. Results: It was a record based retrospective study. It was found that majority (88%) of the patients belonged to age group of 21-30 years. Majority of them (59%) were from rural background. It was found that the commonest (26%) risk factor associated with postpartum hemorrhage in our study was prolonged labour, followed by ante partum hemorrhage (20%). It was found that the commonest (68%) underlying cause of postpartum hemorrhage was atonicity of uterus, followed by genital tract trauma (24%). Conclusions: Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the biggest menace in today's times. It adds to significant maternal morbidity and mortality. [Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2016; 5(6.000): 1897-1901