An in Vitro Antiosteoporotic Activity of 96% Ethanol Extract of Abelmoschus Manihot L. Medik Leaves Using Mc3t3-e1 Preosteoblast Cells

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue. Estrogen deficiency causes loss of bone mineral density which causes osteoporosis. Phytoestrogen is a potential alternative of estrogen that can be used as Hormone Replacement Therapy on osteoporosis with minimum side effects. Many edible plants contain phytoestrogens that are believed to promote bone health. Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik has been known as a plant that is empirically used in the traditional medicine and has potency to prevent osteoporosis. The aim of this research is to determine whether the Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik leaves have the potential to increase bone formation in an in vitro assays using preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1. The results showed an increasing activity of Alkaline phosphatase using confocal laser scanning microscopy technique

The Face of Leprosy Rehabilitation today: a descriptive study of new leprosy cases consuled to physical and rehabilitation Medicine Departement in. Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya lndonesia

Leprosy is an important cause of preventable disability. Physical disabilities associated with leprosy are usually secondary to nerve damage resulting from the chronic granulomatous inflammation due to Mycobacterium leprae.Deformities and disabilities arising from leprosy are mostly feared by almost every culture. This stigma together with the disabilities make leprosy has big impact to deteriorate patients quality of life. According to official reports from The World Health Organization (WHO) received from 105 countries and territories, the global registered prevalence of leprosy at the beginning of 2012 stood at I8I.94l cases. The number of cases detected during 2011 was 219.075 compared with 228.474 in 2010. Indonesia presently has became the third highest level of leprosy infection in the world, after India and Brazil.6 Due to the stigma and disabilities resulting from leprosy, people affected have suffered reduced opportunities and experienced many forms of social exclusion - all in the context of a poverty-related disease.Therefore, it is easy to see that physical medicine and rehabilitation, according to its current objectives, is highly relevant for the people affected by leprosy, mainly because rehabilitation involves a comprehensive interventions that attempt to restore the person affected to as normal a life as possible.g-ll There are few descriptive studies showing the general image of leprosy rehabilitation performed in Indonesia The purpose of this study is to examine the most recent new cases of leprosy being consulted to P&RM Department Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya and to identify the demography characteristics, types of leprosy, impairments resulting from leprosy, and P&RM approaches applied

Hubungan Ekspresi Hsp 70 Dan Ekspresi Reseptor Opioid Mu Pada Penurunan Nyeri Terapi Bekam Basah

Latar belakang. Terapi bekam basah banyak digunakan untuk mengurangi nyeri, namun mekanisme penurunan nyeri terapi bekam basah belum jelas. Peregangan dan tusukan pada terapi bekam basah menimbulkan stres pada sel. Sel yang mengalami stres mengekspresikan HSP 70 dan reseptor opioid mu.Tujuan penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan korelasi peningkatan ekspresi HSP 70 dan peningkatan reseptor opioid mu pasca terapi bekam basah.Bahan dan Metode. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan randomized control group post test only design. Dua puluh empat tikus jenis Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) secara random dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri dari 8 ekor tikus yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (tikus normal), kelompok induksi nyeri dengan Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) saja (kontrol positif) dan kelompok yang diberi induksi nyeri dan terapi bekam basah (10 tusukan dan tekanan negatif: - 200 mmHg, 5 menit). Sampel diambil dari kulit dan dilakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia dengan antibodi monoklonal anti reseptor opioid mu. Waktu reaksi ambang nyeri diukur memakai hot-plate. Data dianalisa dengan Anova oneway dan Pearson Correlation dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 17.Hasil. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan ekspresi HSP 70 (20,25 ± 3,53; p< 0.05) dibandingkan kelompok kontrol positif (10,50 ± 2,44; p< 0,05) dan peningkatan ekspresi reseptor opioid mu (21,00 ± 6,34; p< 0.05) dibandingkan kelompok kontrol positif ( 4,25 ± 3,58; p< 0.05). Terdapat peningkatan waktu reaksi ambang nyeri (22,81 ± 6,34; p< 0,05) dibandingkan kontrol positif (11,78 ± 3,56). Terdapat korelasi antara peningkatan ekspresi HSP 70 dan peningkatan reseptor opioid mu (β= 0.893; p= 0.000) dan ada korelasi antara peningkatan reseptor opioid mu dengan waktu reaksi ambang nyeri (β= 0.713; p= 0.002).Kesimpulan. Terjadi peningkatan ekspresi HSP 70 dan reseptor opioid mu pada terapi bekam basah dan terdapat korelasi antara peningkatan ekspresi HSP 70 terhadap ekspresi reseptor opioid mu

Effects of Reduction of MHCII Expression on M1 Polarity Activated HMC3 Microglia Cells by N-Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Semanggi (Marsilea Crenata Presl.) Leaves: Efek Penurunan Ekspresi MHCII Pada Sel Mikroglia HMC3 Teraktivasi M1 Polarity Oleh Fraksi N-Heksana Dan Etil Asetat Daun Semanggi (Marsilea Crenata Presl.)

Neuroinflammatory is a pathological condition in which neuronal cells experience progressive loss of function, one of which is due to estrogen deficiency. Phytoestrogens are compound that has structure and function similar to 17β-estradiol, the most potent natural form of estrogen. Semanggi (Marsilea crenata Presl.) is known to contain phytoestrogens which can replace the function of 17β-estradiol in maintaining organ homeostasis, so that is potential to be developed as an anti-neuroinflammatory drug. This study was aimed to prove the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of the n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction of Semanggi leaves on HMC3 microglia cells, by measuring the expression of major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II). Both fractions with a concentration of 62.5; 125; and 250 μg/ml were administered to HMC3 microglia cells which had been induced by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) for 24 hours. Measurement of MHC II expression were using immunocytochemistry (ICC) methods and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) instruments. The results showed that n-hexane fraction could reduce MHC II expression at concentrations of 250 μg/ml with p&lt;0.05, and showed a non-monotonic dose response (NMDR) pattern, while ethyl acetate fraction could reduce MHC II expression at all concentrations with p&lt;0.05. Based on the results of the correlation test, the best anti-neuroinflammatory activity on HMC3 microglia cells is showed by the ethyl acetate fraction of Semanggi leaves