Effet des Bactéries Wolbachia chez une population française d'Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae)

Wolbachia effect in a French population of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Wolbachia are symbiotic Bacteria infecting invertebrates and especially insects, and modifying different biological characters in their hosts. However, no effects on the host are sometimes known, as in the European populations of the Lepidoptera Ephestia kuehniella. To establish a strain of this Pyralidae without active symbionts, allowing accurate comparisons with a normally infected strain, thermic treatments of Wolbachia were carried out. Although they do not entitle to definitive conclusions, experiments suggest a Wolbachia ability to induce an incomplete cytoplasmic incompatibility and/or to increase the fecundity.Les Wolbachia, Bactéries symbiotiques d'invertébrés et surtout d'insectes, exercent des effets divers sur la biologie de leurs hôtes. Il arrive aussi qu'aucun de ces effets ne soit connu, comme chez les populations européennes du Lépidoptère Ephestia kuehniella. Afin de fonder une souche de cette Pyrale qui soit dépourvue de symbiotes actifs et qui permette de mener des comparaisons précises avec une souche normalement infectée, des traitements thermiques des Wolbachia ont été menés. Bien qu'elles ne permettent pas de tirer des conclusions définitives, les expérimentations laissent supposer une capacité des Wolbachia à induire une incompatibilité cytoplasmique partielle et/ou à augmenter la fécondité.Pintureau Bernard, Daumal Jeanne, Lassablière François. Effet des Bactéries Wolbachia chez une population française d'Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 105 (5), décembre 2000. pp. 479-485

Effet des Bactéries Wolbachia chez une population française d'Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae)

Wolbachia effect in a French population of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Wolbachia are symbiotic Bacteria infecting invertebrates and especially insects, and modifying different biological characters in their hosts. However, no effects on the host are sometimes known, as in the European populations of the Lepidoptera Ephestia kuehniella. To establish a strain of this Pyralidae without active symbionts, allowing accurate comparisons with a normally infected strain, thermic treatments of Wolbachia were carried out. Although they do not entitle to definitive conclusions, experiments suggest a Wolbachia ability to induce an incomplete cytoplasmic incompatibility and/or to increase the fecundity.Les Wolbachia, Bactéries symbiotiques d'invertébrés et surtout d'insectes, exercent des effets divers sur la biologie de leurs hôtes. Il arrive aussi qu'aucun de ces effets ne soit connu, comme chez les populations européennes du Lépidoptère Ephestia kuehniella. Afin de fonder une souche de cette Pyrale qui soit dépourvue de symbiotes actifs et qui permette de mener des comparaisons précises avec une souche normalement infectée, des traitements thermiques des Wolbachia ont été menés. Bien qu'elles ne permettent pas de tirer des conclusions définitives, les expérimentations laissent supposer une capacité des Wolbachia à induire une incompatibilité cytoplasmique partielle et/ou à augmenter la fécondité.Pintureau Bernard, Daumal Jeanne, Lassablière François. Effet des Bactéries Wolbachia chez une population française d'Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 105 (5), décembre 2000. pp. 479-485

The Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 5 Onconeural Protein Is Expressed In Schwann Cells Under Axonal Signals And Regulates Axon-Schwann Cell Interactions

Metacommunity theory allows predictions about the dynamics of potentially interacting species\u27 assemblages that are linked by dispersal, but strong empirical tests of the theory are rare. We analyzed the metacommunity dynamics of Florida rosemary scrub, a patchily distributed pyrogenic community, to test predictions about turnover rates, community nestedness, and responses to patch size, arrangement, and quality. We collected occurrence data for 45 plant species from 88 rosemary scrub patches in 1989 and 2005 and used growth form, mechanism of regeneration after fire, and degree of habitat specialization to categorize species by life history. We tested whether patch size, fire history, and structural connectivity (a measure of proximity and size of surrounding patches) could be used to predict apparent extinctions and colonizations. In addition, we tested the accuracy of incidence-function models built with the patch survey data from 1989. After fire local extinction rates were higher for herbs than woody plants, higher for species that regenerated only from seed than species able to resprout, and higher for generalist than specialist species. Fewer rosemary specialists and a higher proportion of habitat generalists were extirpated on recently burned patches than on patches not burned between 1989 and 2005. Nestedness was highest for specialists among all life-history groups. Estimated model parameters from 1989 predicted the observed (1989-2005) extinction rates and the number of patches with persistent populations of individual species. These results indicate that species with different life-history strategies within the same metacommunity can have substantially different responses to patch configuration and quality. Real metacommunities may not conform to certain assumptions of simple models, but incidence-function models that consider only patch size, configuration, and quality can have significant predictive accuracy. © 2011 Society for Conservation Biology

Clinical characterisation of sensory neuropathy with anti-FGFR3 autoantibodies

Objective. Sensory neuropathies (SNs) are often classified as idiopathic even if immunological mechanisms can be suspected. Antibodies against the intracellular domain of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) possibly identify a subgroup of SN affecting mostly the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). The aim of this study was to identify the frequency of anti-FGFR3 antibodies and the associated clinical pattern in a large cohort of patients with SN.Methods. A prospective, multicentric, European and Brazilian study included adults with pure SN. Serum anti-FGRF3 antibodies were analysed by ELISA. Detailed clinical and paraclinical data were collected for each anti-FGFR3-positive patient and as control for anti-FGFR3-negative patients from the same centres (‘center-matched’).Results. Sixty-five patients out of 426 (15%) had anti-FGFR3 antibodies, which were the only identified autoimmune markers in 43 patients (66%). The neuropathy was non-length dependent in 89% and classified as sensory neuronopathy in 64%, non-length-dependent small fibre neuropathy in 17% and other neuropathy in 19%. Specific clinical features occurred after 5–6 years of evolution including frequent paresthesia, predominant clinical and electrophysiological involvement of the lower limbs, and a less frequent mixed large and small fibre involvement. Brazilians had a higher frequency of anti-FGFR3 antibodies than Europeans (36% vs 13%, p<0.001), and a more frequent asymmetrical distribution of symptoms (OR 169, 95% CI 3.4 to 8424).Conclusions. Anti-FGFR3 antibodies occur in a subgroup of SN probably predominantly affecting the DRG. Differences between Europeans and Brazilians could suggest involvement of genetic or environmental factors