Work-Family Conflict and Unethical Pro-family Behavior: The Mediating Effect of Threat Appraisal and the Moderating Effect of Family Collectivism Orientation

Unethical pro-family behavior (UPFB) is prevalent in organizations and has adverse effects on organizations, but very few studies have examined the factors that lead to UPFB. We use a cognitive appraisal theoretical framework to argue that employees’ unethical pro-family (UPFB) behavior results from work and family conflicts (WFC/FWC) are mediated by threat appraisal and moderated family collectivism orientation. Based on the questionnaire data of 496 full-time employees from two-time points, we found that WFC/FWC was positively correlated with UPFB where threat appraisal played a mediating role in this relationship; Family collectivism orientation strengthens the threat appraisal-UPFB relationship and the mediation relationship between WFC/FWC and UPFB via threat appraisal. These findings offer an understanding of the theoretical and practical implications which could help organizations reduce UPFB. Finally, we discuss possible directions for future research

The Early Events That Initiate β-Amyloid Aggregation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the development of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) consisting of aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, respectively. The amyloid hypothesis has been the predominant framework for research in AD for over two decades. According to this hypothesis, the accumulation of Aβ in the brain is the primary factor initiating the pathogenesis of AD. However, it remains elusive what factors initiate Aβ aggregation. Studies demonstrate that AD has multiple causes, including genetic and environmental factors. Furthermore, genetic factors, many age-related events and pathological conditions such as diabetes, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and aberrant microbiota also affect the aggregation of Aβ. Here we provide an overview of the age-related early events and other pathological processes that precede Aβ aggregation

FI-CEUS: a solution to improve the diagnostic accuracy in MRI LI-RADS-indeterminate (LR-3/4) FLLs at risk for HCC

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of fusion imaging contrast-enhanced ultrasound (FI-CEUS) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) LI-RADS-indeterminate (LR-3/4) and conventional ultrasound undetected focal liver lesions (FLLs) in patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsBetween February 2020 and July 2021, 71 FLLs in 63 patients were registered for diagnostic performance evaluation respectively for ultrasound-guided thermal ablation evaluation in this retrospective study. Diagnostic performance regarding FLLs was compared between FI-CEUS and contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI).ResultsFor diagnostic performance evaluation, among 71 lesions in 63 patients, the diagnostic efficacy of FI-CEUS with LI-RADS was significantly higher than that of CE-MRI (P < 0.05) in both overall and hierarchical comparison (except for the group with lesion diameter ≥2 cm). For malignant lesions, the proportion of arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE) and washout on FI-CEUS was higher than that on CE-MRI (P < 0.05).ConclusionFI-CEUS has a high value in the precise qualitative diagnosis of small FLLs (<2 cm) of MRI LI-RADS-indeterminate diagnosis (LR-3/4) that are undetected by conventional ultrasound in patients at risk for HCC and can be a good supplementary CE-MRI diagnostic method for thermal ablation evaluation

Pathogen infection in Alzheimer’s disease: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by the deposition of senile plaques composed of amyloid-β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau. Currently, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of AD are still unclear. Growing evidence suggests that pathogen infections prominently promote the development of AD pathology. In this article, we reviewed the effect of multiple infectious pathogens that contribute to AD pathogenesis. Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi are detected in the brains of AD patients and are known to be able to promote the development of AD pathology, including Aβ deposition and the formation of tau tangles. Here, we summarized the infectious pathogen-associated mechanisms of AD and provided new insight into the anti-infection remedy for AD

Effects of Carboxylated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Function of Macrophages

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have tremendous potential in many areas of research and applications. Modification of MWCNTs with carboxyl group is one of the widely used strategies to increase their water dispersibility. However, the effect of carboxylation of MWCNTs on their interaction with macrophages remains unclear. The current study compared the impact of pristine MWCNTs (p-MWCNTs) and carboxylic acid functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNTs-COOH) on RAW264.7 cells by looking at the cell viability, phagocytic activity, production of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α), and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). It was revealed that exposure to either p-MWCNTs or MWCNTs-COOH induced decreased viability of murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and moderately elevated phagocytic activity of murine peritoneal macrophages, but no statistical significance was found between the two groups. Increased production of ROS in macrophages was induced after exposure to either p-MWCNTs or MWCNTs-COOH. However, no significantly elevated production of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α) was observed from RAW 264.7 cells after exposure to the CNTs. Those data suggested that modification with carboxyl group did not exert obvious impact on the interaction of MWCNTs with macrophages

Post biopsy delayed liver hemorrhage successfully controlled by bedside CEUS‐guided microwave ablation: A case report

Abstract We present a 60‐year‐old man suffering from delayed arterial hemorrhage post liver biopsy. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound was used to detect the bleeding point and to evaluate the efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA). The hemorrhage was controlled by MWA at the bedside. This is the first application of MWA for delayed hemorrhage

The pain regulation of endokinin A/B or endokinin C/D on chimeric peptide MCRT in mice

The present study focused on the interactive pain regulation of endokinin A/B (EKA/B, the common C-terminal decapeptide in EKA and EKB) or endokinin C/D (EKC/D, the common C-terminal duodecapeptide in EKC and EKD) on chimeric peptide MCRT (YPFPFRTic-NH2, based on YPFP-NH2 and PFRTic-NH2) at supraspinal level in mice. Results demonstrated that the co-injection of nanomolar EKA/B and MCRT showed moderate regulation, while 30 pmol EKA/B had no effect on MCRT. The combination of EKC/D and MCRT produced enhancive antinociception, which was nearly equal to the sum of mathematical value of single EKC/D and MCRT. Mechanism studies revealed that pre-injected naloxone attenuated the combination significantly with the equivalent analgesic effects of EKC/D alone, suggesting that EKC/D and MCRT might act on two totally independent pathways. Moreover, based on the above results and previous reports, we made two reasonable hypotheses to explain the cocktail-induced analgesia, which potentially pave the way to explore the respective regulatory mechanisms of EKA/B, EKC/D and MCRT and better understand the complicated pain regulation of NK1 and Îź opioid receptors, as follows: (1) MCRT and endomorphin-1 possibly activated different Îź subtypes; (2) Picomolar EKA/B might motivate the endogenous NPFF system after NK1 activation.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

The yeast protein Ure2p triggers Tau pathology in a mouse model of tauopathy

Summary: The molecular mechanisms that trigger Tau aggregation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain elusive. Fungi, especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), can be found in brain samples from patients with AD. Here, we show that the yeast protein Ure2p from S. cerevisiae interacts with Tau and facilitates its aggregation. The Ure2p-seeded Tau fibrils are more potent in seeding Tau and causing neurotoxicity in vitro. When injected into the hippocampus of Tau P301S transgenic mice, the Ure2p-seeded Tau fibrils show enhanced seeding activity compared with pure Tau fibrils. Strikingly, intracranial injection of Ure2p fibrils promotes the aggregation of Tau and cognitive impairment in Tau P301S mice. Furthermore, intranasal infection of S. cerevisiae in the nasal cavity of Tau P301S mice accelerates the aggregation of Tau. Together, these observations indicate that the yeast protein Ure2p initiates Tau pathology. Our results provide a conceptual advance that non-mammalian prions may cross-seed mammalian prion-like proteins