Is Ultrasound an Accurate Alternative for Mammography in Breast Cancer Screening in an Asian Population?:A Meta-Analysis

In Asian countries, ultrasound has been proposed as a possible alternative for mammography in breast cancer screening because of its superiority in dense breasts, accessibility and low costs. This research aimed to meta-analyze the evidence for the diagnostic performance of ultrasound compared to mammography for breast cancer screening in Asian women. PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched for studies that concurrently compared mammography and ultrasound in 2000-2019. Data extraction and risk of bias were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) statement. The primary outcome was the sensitivity and specificity. Bivariate random models were used to generate pooled estimates of diagnostic parameters and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). In total, 4424 studies were identified of which six studies met the inclusion criteria with a sample size of 124,425 women. The pooled mean prevalence of the included studies was 3.7‱ (range: 1.2-5.7‱). The pooled sensitivity of mammography was significantly higher than that of ultrasound (0.81 [95% CI 0.71-0.88] versus 0.65 [95% CI 0.58-0.72], p = 0.03), but no significant differences were found in specificity (0.98 [95% CI: 0.94-1.00] versus 0.99 [95% CI: 0.97-1.00], p = 0.65). In conclusion, based on the currently available data on sensitivity alone, there is no indication that ultrasound can replace mammography in breast cancer screening in Asian women

Facile synthesis of magnetic macroporous polymer/MOF composites as separable catalysts

Design and synthesis of magnetic macroporous metal�organic frameworks (MOFs) have been of significant interest, in order to improve the catalytic efficiency and reusability. In this work, we prepared magnetic macroporous MOF composites based on as-prepared magnetic macroporous polyacrylamides (MMPam). Different MOFs with or without unsaturated coordinative metal sites, including HKUST-1, MOF-2, UiO-66, and Fe-MIL-101(-NH2) were grown on and within the MMPam matrices. The composites showed hierarchical porosity with both micro- and macropores, which facilitated substrate diffusion to increase the conversion for isomerization of α-pinene oxide from 62% in the case of pure HKUST-1 microparticles to 90% in the case of HKUST-1@MMPam. The magnetic property also endowed the composites with easy recovery and reasonable reusability.</p

Comparison of pathological characteristics between self-detected and screen-detected invasive breast cancers in Chinese women: a retrospective study

Background In China, there is insufficient evidence to support that screening programs can detect breast cancer earlier and improve outcomes compared with patient self-reporting. Therefore, we compared the pathological characteristics at diagnosis between self-detected and screen-detected cases of invasive breast cancer at our institution and determined whether these characteristics were different after the program’s introduction (vs. prior to). Methods Three databases were selected (breast cancer diagnosed in 1995–2000, 2010, and 2015), which provided a total of 3,014 female patients with invasive breast cancer. The cases were divided into self-detected and screen-detected groups. The pathological characteristics were compared between the two groups and multiple imputation and complete randomized imputation were used to deal with missing data. Results Compared with patient self-reporting, screening was associated with the following factors: a higher percentage of stage T1 tumors (75.0% vs 17.1%, P = 0.109 in 1995–2000; 66.7% vs 40.4%, P < 0.001 in 2010; 67.8% vs 35.7%, P < 0.001 in 2015); a higher percentage of tumors with stage N0 lymph node status (67.3% vs. 48.4%, P = 0.007 in 2010); and a higher percentage of histologic grade I tumors (22.9% vs 13.9%, P = 0.017 in 2010). Conclusion Screen-detected breast cancer was associated with a greater number of favorable pathological characteristics. However, although screening had a beneficial role in early detection in China, we found fewer patients were detected by screening in this study compared with those in Western and Asian developed countries

Constructing girlhood: Female adolescence, depression and the making of a female tradition in modern Chinese literature

10.1007/s11702-011-0132-zFrontiers of Literary Studies in China53321-34