19 research outputs found
A MODEL OF TORQUE GENERATION PROCESS IN DIRECT INJECTION DIESEL ENGINE
Aiming at integrating a reliable combustion torque estimator into engine controllers, we present encouraging identification and validation results for a combustion model of DI diesel engine. The model is sufficiently simple to be possibly included into future engine control strategies and estimate techniques. The experimental data refer to a turbocharged engine BMW MD47 1900cc during a transient phase
Discursively âUndoingâ and âDoing Europeâ the Austrian Way
Literature on European and national identities displays a tension between occasional observations of an emerging âbanal Europeanismâ (Cram, 2009) and a dominant strand (e.g. Guibernau, 2007; Toplak & Ć umi, 2012) that questions the viability of European identifications vis-Ă -vis historically entrenched nationalisms, particularly in the context of the debt crisis and the resulting (re)nationalization of European politics. This chapter builds on recent work on Austrian European Union (EU) scepticism and its contestation (Karner, 2013) to examine instances â in diverse media coverage, readersâ letters to the editor of Austriaâs most widely read newspaper, internet platforms, political essays and party political positions â of national identity negotiations in relation to the EU and as articulated in the context of successive European crises and the most recent elections to the European Parliament. The qualitative, thematic analysis of these wide-ranging materials developed here draws on two key concepts in critical discourse analysis, the notions of deixis (Billig, 1995) or ârhetorical pointingâ and of the topos or âstructure of argumentâ (e.g. Reisigl & Wodak, 2001), which are complemented by a third theoretical tool, namely the anthropological concept of âgrammars of identityâ (Baumann & Gingrich, 2004). The resulting discussion reveals the uneasy coexistence of (critical) Europeanisms and various national reassertions in Austriaâs public sphere and their respective discursive features. Further, the theoretical approaches synthesized cast light on internal diversities within political positions that are often too monolithicly classified as being âsimplyâ pro- or anti-European respectively. Instead, the analysis presented here reveals a spectrum of (at least five) competing positions