19,707 research outputs found
Tunable graphene bandgaps from superstrate mediated interactions
A theory is presented for the strong enhancement of graphene-on-substrate
bandgaps by attractive interactions mediated through phonons in a polarizable
superstrate. It is demonstrated that gaps of up to 1eV can be formed for
experimentally achievable values of electron-phonon coupling and phonon
frequency. Gap enhancements range between 1 and 4, indicating possible benefits
to graphene electronics through greater bandgap control for digital
applications, lasers, LEDs and photovoltaics through the relatively simple
application of polarizable materials such as SiO2 and Si3N4.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Influence of Anomalous Dispersion on Optical Characteristics of Quantum Wells
Frequency dependencies of optical characteristics (reflection, transmission
and absorption of light) of a quantum well are investigated in a vicinity of
interband resonant transitions in a case of two closely located excited energy
levels. A wide quantum well in a quantizing magnetic field directed normally to
the quantum-well plane, and monochromatic stimulating light are considered.
Distinctions between refraction coefficients of barriers and quantum well, and
a spatial dispersion of the light wave are taken into account. It is shown that
at large radiative lifetimes of excited states in comparison with nonradiative
lifetimes, the frequency dependence of the light reflection coefficient in the
vicinity of resonant interband transitions is defined basically by a curve,
similar to the curve of the anomalous dispersion of the refraction coefficient.
The contribution of this curve weakens at alignment of radiative and
nonradiative times, it is practically imperceptible at opposite ratio of
lifetimes . It is shown also that the frequency dependencies similar to the
anomalous dispersion do not arise in transmission and absorption coefficients.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
Elastic Light Scattering by Semiconductor Quantum Dots
Elastic light scattering by low-dimensional semiconductor objects is
investigated theoretically. The differential cross section of resonant light
scattering on excitons in quantum dots is calculated. The polarization and
angular distribution of scattered light do not depend on the quantum-dot form,
sizes and potential configuration if light wave lengths exceed considerably the
quantum-dot size. In this case the magnitude of the total light scattering
cross section does not depend on quantum-dot sizes. The resonant total light
scattering cross section is about a square of light wave length if the exciton
radiative broadening exceeds the nonradiative broadening. Radiative broadenings
are calculated
Transmission of a Symmetric Light Pulse through a Wide QW
The reflection, transmission and absorption of a symmetric electromagnetic
pulse, which carrying frequency is close to the frequency of an interband
transition in a QW (QW), are obtained. The energy levels of a QW are assumed
discrete, one exited level is taken into account. The case of a wide QW is
considered when a length of the pulse wave, appropriate to the carrying
frequency, is comparable to the QW's width. In figures the time dependencies of
the dimensionless reflection, absorption are transmission are represented. It
is shown, that the spatial dispersion and a distinction in refraction indexes
influence stronger reflection.Comment: 8 pages,8 figures with caption
Principals of the theory of light reflection and absorption by low-dimensional semiconductor objects in quantizing magnetic fields at monochromatic and pulse excitations
The bases of the theory of light reflection and absorption by low-dimensional
semiconductor objects (quantum wells, wires and dots) at both monochromatic and
pulse irradiations and at any form of light pulses are developed. The
semiconductor object may be placed in a stationary quantizing magnetic field.
As an example the case of normal light incidence on a quantum well surface is
considered. The width of the quantum well may be comparable to the light wave
length and number of energy levels of electronic excitations is arbitrary. For
Fourier-components of electric fields the integral equation (similar to the
Dyson-equation) and solutions of this equation for some individual cases are
obtained.Comment: 14 page
Polaronic slowing of fermionic impurities in lattice Bose-Fermi mixtures
We generalize the application of small polaron theory to ultracold gases of
Ref. [\onlinecite{jaksch_njp1}] to the case of Bose-Fermi mixtures, where both
components are loaded into an optical lattice. In a suitable range of
parameters, the mixture can be described within a Bogoliubov approach in the
presence of fermionic (dynamic) impurities and an effective description in
terms of polarons applies. In the dilute limit of the slow impurity regime, the
hopping of fermionic particles is exponentially renormalized due to polaron
formation, regardless of the sign of the Bose-Fermi interaction. This should
lead to clear experimental signatures of polaronic effects, once the regime of
interest is reached. The validity of our approach is analyzed in the light of
currently available experiments. We provide results for the hopping
renormalization factor for different values of temperature, density and
Bose-Fermi interaction for three-dimensional
mixtures in optical lattice.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Low-energy models for correlated materials: bandwidth renormalization from Coulombic screening
We provide a prescription for constructing Hamiltonians representing the low
energy physics of correlated electron materials with dynamically screened
Coulomb interactions. The key feature is a renormalization of the hopping and
hybridization parameters by the processes that lead to the dynamical screening.
The renormalization is shown to be non-negligible for various classes of
correlated electron materials. The bandwidth reduction effect is necessary for
connecting models to materials behavior and for making quantitative predictions
for low-energy properties of solids.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Phonon-affected steady-state transport through molecular quantum dots
We consider transport through a vibrating molecular quantum dot contacted to
macroscopic leads acting as charge reservoirs. In the equilibrium and
nonequilibrium regime, we study the formation of a polaron-like transient state
at the quantum dot for all ratios of the dot-lead coupling to the energy of the
local phonon mode. We show that the polaronic renormalization of the dot-lead
coupling is a possible mechanism for negative differential conductance.
Moreover, the effective dot level follows one of the lead chemical potentials
to enhance resonant transport, causing novel features in the inelastic
tunneling signal. In the linear response regime, we investigate the impact of
the electron-phonon interaction on the thermoelectrical properties of the
quantum dot device.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, FQMT11 Proceeding
Efficient DMFT-simulation of the Holstein-Hubbard Model
We present a method for solving impurity models with electron-phonon
coupling, which treats the phonons efficiently and without approximations. The
algorithm is applied to the Holstein-Hubbard model in the dynamical mean field
approximation, where it allows access to strong interactions, very low
temperatures and arbitrary fillings. We show that a renormalized
Migdal-Eliashberg theory provides a reasonlable description of the phonon
contribution to the electronic self energy in strongly doped systems, but fails
if the quasiparticle energy becomes of order of the phonon frequency.Comment: Published versio
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