Preparation of Attapulgite Loaded Nano Zero Valent Iron Material and Its Adsorption of Silver

In the extensive industrial production process, a large amount of silver containing wastewater has been produced, and the veil of its potential harm has gradually been unveiled. The emission standards of various pollutants formulated and issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China have already strictly limited the emission limits of silver. In this paper, a simple, environment-friendly and inexpensive method was used to synthesize a composite material with reducing and adsorbing effects on silver by using purified attapulgite and ferrous salt (FeSO4·7H2O) as raw materials, potassium borohydride (KBH4) as reducing agent, and chemical liquid phase reduction method. The experimental results showed that under the conditions of 1:1 ratio of iron to soil, 0.25 mol·L-1 concentration of KBH4, 25 C temperature and 120 min time, the synthesized attapulgite loaded nano-zero-valent iron composite (nZVI/ATP) had good adsorption performance for Ag(I)

Preparation of Kaolin Composites and Its Adsorption for Sb(Ⅲ)

Antimony is an important element in the production of flame retardants and semiconductor materials. In the process of antimony mining, it may cause local environmental pollution, which has adverse effects on human health, and the development of economical and efficient adsorbents to remove antimony from wastewater has become a hot research topic. In this paper, the hydrothermal synthesis method was adopted, and purified Kaolin was selected as the carrier, potassium permanganate, manganese chloride and ferric chloride are the metal sources, urea is the precipitant, and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is the structure guide agent. Under the conditions of 5% mass fraction of dispersant, loading temperature of 140 ℃, reaction time of 8 h, mass ratio of iron to manganese of 1.84:1, and mass of precipitant of 0.9 g, the composites prepared were effective in adsorbing the Sb(Ⅲ) from the wastewater. The optimum adsorption efficiency of the prepared composites on Sb(Ⅲ) is 92.83%, which showed excellent adsorption performance

Preparation of Material for Adsorption Ag(I) in the Solution

The application of silver in electronics, jewelry, catalytic and other industries often produces a large amount of silver-containing wastewater, which causes serious impact to the surrounding environment and human health, while silver has a certain economic value attached to it. Therefore, how to effectively treat and recover Ag(?) from the silver-containing wastewater is a hot topic of concern at present. In order to seek an efficient and environmentally friendly adsorbent, this paper compared the adsorption efficiency of purified, thermally modified, acid modified and thermally-acid modified Bentonite on silver, selected an economical and reasonable purified clay as a carrier, and then completed the preparation of modified Bentonite as well as the optimization of conditions with sodium silicate as a surfactant and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane as a modifier. The experiments showed that under the conditions of sodium silicate dosage of 15% of Bentonite, Bentonite and modifier dosage of 1:1, solution pH of 9, temperature of 45 °C and modification time of 5 h, the synthesized sulfhydryl modified Bentonite has good adsorption performance on Ag(?), and its adsorption capacity can reach 293.7 mg·g-1

Ultra fast miniaturized real-time PCR: 40 cycles in less than six minutes

We have designed, fabricated and tested a real-time PCR chip capable of conducting one thermal cycle in 8.5 s. This corresponds to 40 cycles of PCR in 5 min and 40 s. The PCR system was made of silicon micromachined into the shape of a cantilever terminated with a disc. The thin film heater and a temperature sensor were placed on the disc perimeter. Due to the system's thermal constant of 0.27 s, we have achieved a heating rate of 175°C s−1 and a cooling rate of −125°C s−1. A PCR sample encapsulated with mineral oil was dispensed onto a glass cover slip placed on the silicon disc. The PCR cycle time was then determined by heat transfer through the glass, which took only 0.5 s. A real-time PCR sample with a volume of 100 nl was tested using a FAM probe. As the single PCR device occupied an area of only a few square millimeters, devices could be combined into a parallel system to increase throughput

Immune-mediated loss of transgene expression from virally transduced brain cells is irreversible, mediated by IFNγ, perforin, and TNFα, and due to the elimination of transduced cells

The adaptive immune response to viral vectors reduces vector-mediated transgene expression from the brain. It is unknown, however, whether this loss is caused by functional downregulation of transgene expression or death of transduced cells. Herein, we demonstrate that during the elimination of transgene expression, the brain becomes infiltrated with CD4 and CD8 T cells and that these T cells are necessary for transgene elimination. Further, the loss of transgene-expressing brain cells fails to occur in the absence of IFNγ, perforin, and TNFα receptor. Two methods to induce severe immune suppression in immunized animals also fail to restitute transgene expression, demonstrating the irreversibility of this process. The need for cytotoxic molecules and the irreversibility of the reduction in transgene expression suggested to us that elimination of transduced cells is responsible for the loss of transgene expression. A new experimental paradigm that discriminates between downregulation of transgene expression and the elimination of transduced cells demonstrates that transduced cells are lost from the brain upon the induction of a specific antiviral immune response. We conclude that the anti-adenoviral immune response reduces transgene expression in the brain through loss of transduced cellsFil: Zirger, Jeffrey M.. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados Unidos. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Puntel, Mariana. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados Unidos. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bergeron, Josee. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados Unidos. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Wibowo, Mia. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados Unidos. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Moridzadeh, Rameen. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados Unidos. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Bondale, Niyati. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados Unidos. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Barcia, Carlos. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados Unidos. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Kroeger, Kurt M.. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados Unidos. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Liu, Chunyan. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados Unidos. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Castro, Maria Graciela. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados Unidos. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados Unidos. University of Michigan; Estados UnidosFil: Lowenstein, Pedro R.. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados Unidos. University of California at Los Angeles. School of Medicine; Estados Unidos. University of Michigan; Estados Unido

Local axisymmetry-breaking–induced transition of trapped-particle orbit and loss channels in quasi-axisymmetric stellarators

The transition of trapped-particle orbit topologies has been investigated in quasi-axisymmetric (QA) configurations, such as the Chinese First Quasi-axisymmetric Stellarator (CFQS). It is found that the axisymmetry-breaking phenomenon in QA configurations is of great significance at some specific locations, which could easily induce blocked particles to transit into localized particles. A novel aspect is presented to interpret the transition mechanism of trapped-particle orbit topologies in this paper, i.e., as the amplitudes of non-axisymmetric field increase along the radius direction, the region of large toroidal inhomogeneity is gradually generated, which makes the length of the trapped-particle trajectory substantially short, and hence, may restrict particles to a single helical field period. Meanwhile, at such locations the "pseudo-axisymmetric" field results in coupling of the maximum radial drift and the minimum poloidal drift, which enables the transition of trapped-particle orbit topologies considerably and forms specific loss channels, degrading plasma confinement. These results may shed light on the optimization of QA configurations via avoidance of such coupling with respect to energetic particle confinement. Moreover, this work is also relevant to the generation of inhomogeneity of particle flux deposition on the devertor plates

A Pan-Cancer Analysis of Enhancer Expression in Nearly 9000 Patient Samples

The role of enhancers, a key class of non-coding regulatory DNA elements, in cancer development has increasingly been appreciated. Here, we present the detection and characterization of a large number of expressed enhancers in a genome-wide analysis of 8928 tumor samples across 33 cancer types using TCGA RNA-seq data. Compared with matched normal tissues, global enhancer activation was observed in most cancers. Across cancer types, global enhancer activity was positively associated with aneuploidy, but not mutation load, suggesting a hypothesis centered on \u201cchromatin-state\u201d to explain their interplay. Integrating eQTL, mRNA co-expression, and Hi-C data analysis, we developed a computational method to infer causal enhancer-gene interactions, revealing enhancers of clinically actionable genes. Having identified an enhancer 3c140 kb downstream of PD-L1, a major immunotherapy target, we validated it experimentally. This study provides a systematic view of enhancer activity in diverse tumor contexts and suggests the clinical implications of enhancers. Causal enhancer-target-gene relationships are inferred from a systematic analysis of 33 cancer types

Analysis of Buckling Deformation for the Side Plate of Rectangular CSFT Column Based on Plate Theory with Bi-Axial Loads

In this paper, under the condition of bidirectional stress, the buckling deformation of the side plate in a rectangular concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) column has been studied in detail. We have conducted a theocratical analysis, an experimental validation and a finite element simulation to investigate the influences of the height-width ratios and Nominal Poisson’s ratios on the buckling form of the side plate, and we also try to explain the change of buckling form between unidirectional and bidirectional stress, both of them can provide a good reference and basis for design and application of the CFST column. The specific work can be summarized as follows: Firstly, a theoretical analysis has been conducted to study the buckling coefficient solution method of the thin plate under the conditions of axial compress and transverse tension. Then, under the conditions of the unidirectional and the bidirectional stress, a comparative study is carried out to investigate the changing relationship of the buckling coefficient (k) of the side plate; the results indicate that the buckling characteristic is changed due to the bidirectional stress, meanwhile, the buckling coefficient and the number of buckling half-wave will increase. Furthermore, the existing outcomes and the numerical simulations are adopted to study the relevance between the number of the elastic buckling half-wave in the side plate and the corresponding height-width ratio of the component; the results indicate that the former is larger than the latter. Finally, based on the obtained, the buckling relationship curve, the conclusion can be drawn as follows: when the bidirectional stress has been applied to the side plate, there is an equal interval between the different buckling half-waves; meanwhile, the interval shows a quadratic function reduce trend with the increase of nominal Poisson’s ratio