Milk as an essential source of iodine in Latvian population

Publisher Copyright: © 2017 De Gruyter Open Ltd. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Milk and dairy products are studied as alternative iodine sources, because salt iodisation is controversial due to high salt consumption leading to cardiovascular diseases. However, the iodine concentration in milk markedly varies. This study evaluated the iodine concentration in cow's milk available in the Latvian market. Iodine and fat concentration was analysed with a spectrophotometer "Varian Cary 50" based ISO 2446:2008 in 20 milk samples. Data from the Central Statistical Bureau and survey among pregnant women were used to analyse milk product consumption and its impact on iodine status. Average iodine concentration in milk samples was 457.6 (179.6) μg/L, winter samples had a higher concentration of iodine than summer samples: 563.4 (329.6) μg/L and 469.2 (162.0) μg/L, but this is not statistically significant p < 0.05. Iodine concentration in skimmed milk was 490 μg/L, milk with the reduced fat content 501.7 (174.8) μg/L, and whole milk - 422.6 (192.1)1 μg/L. Milk consumption decreased from 2002 to 2014, while yogurt and cheese consumption increased. Higher consumption of milk and milk products was related to higher urinary iodine concentration ρ = 0.115; p = 0.003. Milk and milk products are an important iodine source in Latvia and their consumption should be promoted.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Understanding the importance of selenium and selenoproteins in muscle function

Selenium is an essential trace element. In cattle, selenium deficiency causes dysfunction of various organs, including skeletal and cardiac muscles. In humans as well, lack of selenium is associated with many disorders, but despite accumulation of clinical reports, muscle diseases are not generally considered on the list. The goal of this review is to establish the connection between clinical observations and the most recent advances obtained in selenium biology. Recent results about a possible role of selenium-containing proteins in muscle formation and repair have been collected. Selenoprotein N is the first selenoprotein linked to genetic disorders consisting of different forms of congenital muscular dystrophies. Understanding the muscle disorders associated with selenium deficiency or selenoprotein N dysfunction is an essential step in defining the causes of the disease and obtaining a better comprehension of the mechanisms involved in muscle formation and maintenance

Aires protégées et politique environnementale en Nouvelle-Calédonie

Lamand Erwann. Aires protégées et politique environnementale en Nouvelle-Calédonie. In: Les aires protégées insulaires et littorales tropicales. Actes du colloque DYMSET, TRANSCULTURES, SEPANRIT «Aires protégées insulaires et littorales tropicales», Nouméa (Nouvelle-Calédonie), 30 et 31 octobre 2001. Talence : Centre de Recherches sur les Espaces Tropicaux (Université Michel de Montaigne, Bordeaux 3), 2003. pp. 287-298. (Îles et Archipels, 32

Etude épidémiologique et bactériologique des syndromes d'exfoliation staphylococciques en France entre 1997 et 2007

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Comparison of visual observation and excavation to quantify density of the endangered bivalve Unio crassus in rivers of north-eastern France

In the context of a rapid decline in several protected unionid species, government agencies urgently require a reliable method to estimate population size for the most endangered species. We used a dataset collected from 16 river stations in north-eastern France to compare the efficiency of visual estimation (bathyscope) and a manual excavation to estimate numbers of the endangered bivalve Unio crassus. Our investigations indicated that, whereas a visual approach was sufficient to detect unionid presence, only 10% of all individuals were registered compared with manual excavation at the same site. In order to obtain an accurate density estimate (especially as regards the juvenile population), sediment excavation is necessary, despite it being time consuming and damaging to the mussel’s habitat

Hydrologie et hydraulique torrentielle, étude d’un cas pratique : la Roize

Steep slope stream hydraulics, i.e. mountain-rivers’ hydraulics is a complicated field of works. It is a relatively young science with several differences compare to low-lands-river hydraulics. Flash-floods are fast-events, and are thus hard to observe. They are, in addition, violent, which make really complicated to monitor it. IRSTEA is undertaking studies of few “large” and very active torrents. However, all streams do not belong to this category. This study of the Roize, more classical torrent, will highlight the type of phenomena that occur in this torrent, as for instance bed-load transport or debris flows. In addition, in this case-study, a complete series of methods allow us to estimate the solid-transport of the Roize. Combining geomorphology, historical analysis, hydrology, hydraulics and solid-transport-formula allow us to gather a global-point of view of what occur in the Roize based on estimation of rains, water-discharges and transported-sediment-volumes for different time period. These new data are useful to assess the natural-hazards related to the Roize.L’hydraulique torrentielle, c’est-à-dire l’étude des torrents de montagne n’est pas un sujet facile à traiter. Celle-ci est une science relativement jeune qui comporte un certain nombre de spécificités par rapport à l’hydraulique plus classique d’une rivière de plaine. Les évènements torrentiels sont en effet des phénomènes très rapides et par voie de conséquence durs à observer mais également très violents, ce qui complique énormément l’acquisition de données. IRSTEA étudie déjà quelques « gros » torrents particulièrement actifs. Ceci dit, tous les torrents ne sont pas de ce type. L’analyse de la Roize, torrent plus classique, nous a permis de mettre en évidence les phénomènes qui y ont lieu tels que le transport par charriage ou les laves torrentielles. De plus, cette étude a servi à tester la succession complète d’un certain nombre de méthodes qui vont permettre d’estimer finalement la quantité de sédiments transitant dans la Roize. La combinaison d’une approche géomorphologique, historique, hydrologique, hydraulique et du transport solide a permis d’obtenir une vision globale de ce qui s’y passe, basée sur des valeurs de pluies, de débits liquides et de débits solides pour différents temps de retour utiles à l’évaluation des risques engendrés par la Roize

Hydrologie et hydraulique torrentielle, étude d’un cas pratique : la Roize

Steep slope stream hydraulics, i.e. mountain-rivers’ hydraulics is a complicated field of works. It is a relatively young science with several differences compare to low-lands-river hydraulics. Flash-floods are fast-events, and are thus hard to observe. They are, in addition, violent, which make really complicated to monitor it. IRSTEA is undertaking studies of few “large” and very active torrents. However, all streams do not belong to this category. This study of the Roize, more classical torrent, will highlight the type of phenomena that occur in this torrent, as for instance bed-load transport or debris flows. In addition, in this case-study, a complete series of methods allow us to estimate the solid-transport of the Roize. Combining geomorphology, historical analysis, hydrology, hydraulics and solid-transport-formula allow us to gather a global-point of view of what occur in the Roize based on estimation of rains, water-discharges and transported-sediment-volumes for different time period. These new data are useful to assess the natural-hazards related to the Roize.L’hydraulique torrentielle, c’est-à-dire l’étude des torrents de montagne n’est pas un sujet facile à traiter. Celle-ci est une science relativement jeune qui comporte un certain nombre de spécificités par rapport à l’hydraulique plus classique d’une rivière de plaine. Les évènements torrentiels sont en effet des phénomènes très rapides et par voie de conséquence durs à observer mais également très violents, ce qui complique énormément l’acquisition de données. IRSTEA étudie déjà quelques « gros » torrents particulièrement actifs. Ceci dit, tous les torrents ne sont pas de ce type. L’analyse de la Roize, torrent plus classique, nous a permis de mettre en évidence les phénomènes qui y ont lieu tels que le transport par charriage ou les laves torrentielles. De plus, cette étude a servi à tester la succession complète d’un certain nombre de méthodes qui vont permettre d’estimer finalement la quantité de sédiments transitant dans la Roize. La combinaison d’une approche géomorphologique, historique, hydrologique, hydraulique et du transport solide a permis d’obtenir une vision globale de ce qui s’y passe, basée sur des valeurs de pluies, de débits liquides et de débits solides pour différents temps de retour utiles à l’évaluation des risques engendrés par la Roize