25 research outputs found
The comparison of clinical outcomes of endophthalmitis from fluoroquinolone-resistant and susceptible bacteria
To identify patients who developed acute-onset endophthalmitis after clear corneal cataract surgery, and to compare treatment outcomes between cases caused by fluoroquinolone susceptible organisms versus fluoroquinolone resistant organisms.
Retrospective case series.
Patients who developed endophthalmitis within six weeks of cataract surgery, and were treated between January 1996 and December 2008 at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute in Miami, Florida, were identified retrospectively. Clinical features, organisms cultured, and visual acuity outcomes were evaluated.
A total of 97 patients met study criteria, and 37 (38%) demonstrated in vitro fluoroquinolone resistance. All fluoroquinolone resistant endophthalmitis in the study was caused by either Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 32) or Staphylococcus aureus (n = 5). Presenting clinical features were similar between fluoroquinolone resistant and fluoroquinolone susceptible groups. Final visual acuity was >/=20/40 in 49% of fluoroquinolone-resistant cases and 42% of fluoroquinolone-susceptible cases. All fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were susceptible to vancomycin.
In the current study, approximately one-third of isolates were resistant to fluoroquinolones. There was no significant difference in clinical outcomes in this study, regardless of fluoroquinolone susceptibility
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Ranibizumab: Phase III clinical trial results
Ranibizumab therapy is the first treatment for neovascular AMD to improve vision for most patients. The benefits apply to all angiographic subtypes of neovascular AMD and across all lesion sizes. Although the pivotal phase III trials (MARINA and ANCHOR) used monthly injections of ranibizumab for 2 years, the ongoing PIER, PrONTO, and SAILOR trials are investigating less frequent dosing regimens, and preliminary results from the PrONTO study suggest that fewer injections will most likely result in visual acuity improvements similar to the results from the phase III trials. When comparing the ANCHOR results with the FOCUS results, it also becomes apparent that the combination of ranibizumab with PDT does not necessarily result in better visual acuity outcomes, and the use of PDT may even reduce the visual acuity benefits achieved with ranibizumab alone (see Figs. 1-3). It seems unlikely that combination therapy provides any significant advantage over ranibizumab alone unless the combination of PDT and ranibizumab can decrease the need for frequent retreatment. The results from the PrONTO Study already suggest that less frequent treatment with ranibizumab is possible by using a variable dosing regimen with OCT. Ranibizumab also seems to be safe, with the 2-year MARINA data showing no increase in the incidence of systemic adverse events that could be associated with anti-VEGF therapy, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. There was a hint of a safety concern, however, in the pooled 1-year safety results from the MARINA and ANCHOR trials. Although the combined rate of myocardial infarction and stroke during the first year of the ANCHOR and MARINA trials was similar in the control and the 0.3-mg ranibizumab arms (1.3% and 1.6% respectively), these adverse events were slightly higher in the 0.5-mg ranibizumab arm (2.9%). These differences are not statistically significant, however, and probably do not represent a dose-dependent increase in risk because the 2-year results from the MARINA trial with the same monthly injection regimen showed no increased risk of thromboembolic events. In December 2005, Genentech submitted a Biologics License Application to the FDA for the use of ranibizumab in the treatment of neovascular wet AMD based on 1-year clinical efficacy and safety data from the two pivotal phase III trials, ANCHOR and MARINA, and the phase I-II FOCUS trial. Genentech has been granted a 6-month Priority Review from the FDA with a decision anticipated 6 months from the December submission date or by the end of June 2006 [29]. By the summer of 2006, this revolutionary therapy should be available for the treatment of neovascular AMD. At that time, the major dilemma facing most retina specialists will be whether to use intravitreal ranibizumab or intravitreal bevacizumab, the low cost alternative, for the treatment of neovascular AMD
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Endophthalmitis After Clear Corneal Cataract Surgery: Fluoroquinolone Resistant Isolates
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Outcomes and Microbiology of Delayed-Onset Endophthalmitis Compared to Acute-Onset Endophthalmitis
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Acute-Onset Endophthalmitis After Clear Corneal Cataract Surgery: Comparison of Microbiology and Visual Outcomes to Published Clinical Studies
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Acute-Onset Endophthalmitis After Cataract Surgery: Outcomes in Isolates Resistant to versus Sensitive to Fluoroquinolones
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Documentation of optic nerve pit with macular schisis-like cavity by spectral domain OCT
The authors report using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) to observe a patient with an optic nerve pit and macular schisis-like spaces. An 8-microm axial resolution prototype spectral domain OCT and stereo fundus photography were used to observe the patient. A macular schisis-like cavity was present at baseline and additional cystic changes developed in the nerve fiber layer over a period of 16 months; however, the visual acuity remained stable at 20/20. Spectral domain OCT provides greater detail of the changes in morphology and structure of macular schisis and edema associated with an optic nerve pit
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Three-dimensional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images of the retina in the presence of epiretinal membranes
To study the inner surface of the retina in the presence of epiretinal membranes (ERMs) using a prototype spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) device.
Small case series, performed in the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, from August 2005 through December 2006.
An 8-microm axial-resolution SD-OCT instrument was used to scan the eyes of patients diagnosed with ERM. The ERM and the internal limiting membrane (ILM) were segmented separately to evaluate the traction caused by the ERM on the retina. It was then possible to reconstruct the ILM and ERM surfaces in 3-dimensional space and to obtain corresponding retinal thickness maps.
SD-OCT B scans showed the points of attachment of the ERM to the ILM. Segmented surface maps of the ERM produced very smooth sheets, whereas those of the ILM presented wrinkles under and around the ERM.
SD-OCT revealed the geometry of retinal traction in eyes with ERM and may be useful in understanding further the pathologic features of these lesions