Induction of direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from mature cotyledon explants of Arachis hypogea L

A plant regeneration method via direct somatic embryogenesis was achieved in cotyledon explants derived from mature, dry seeds of Arachis hypogaea L. According to histological observations, somatic embryogenesis was induced directly without any intervening callus on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP along with 2.68 μM NAA after 4 weeks of culture. The incidence of somatic embryogenesis was greater at the distal end of the cotyledon than the remaining portion. The range of embryogenesis frequency was 10.7 to 80.2 %, depending on the BAP concentration in combination with NAA. The best response was observed on MS medium containing 22.19 μM BAP along with 2.68 μM NAA. The embryos matured and germinated on fresh medium with or without growth regulators. A large percentage of somatic embryos developed into normal plants producing viable seeds. Some embryos produced flower buds on the germination medium

Morphogenesis and plant regeneration from cotyledonary cultures of Eucalyptus

Callus cultures were established from hypocotyls and cotyledons derived from young seedlings of Eucalyptus citriodora. Successful plantlet production from cotyledonary callus was achieved within 6 weeks on Murashige and Skoog's basal medium supplemented with zeatin (1 mg/l) and indoleacetic acid (0.2 mg/l). Leaf and shoot callus obtained from one-year-old plants did not differentiate. Results reported contribute to defining optimal conditions for callus growth and plantlet formatio

Isolation and characterization of PR1 homolog from the genomic DNA of sandalwood (Santalum album L.)

Genomic library was constructed using nuclear DNA prepared from tender leaves of sandalwood. Subsequently, screening with heterologous probes we. could isolate the PR1 genomic hemolog, Restriction mapping and hybridization experiments were carried out to obtain the coding region for PR1 gene. A 750 bp EcoRI fragment thus obtained was subcloned to yield pSaPR1, which was compared with the related sequences. Southern hybridization with genomic DNA digests was carried out to check its genomic organization. The induction of this gene was observed in the somatic embryos treated with salicylic acid, thereby implying its possible involvement during systemic acquired resistance

cDNA cloning and characterization of a proline (or hydroxyproline)-rich protein from Santalum album L.

A proline (or hydroxyproline)-rich cDNA clone, SaPRP, was isolated from sandalwood (Santalum album L.) somatic embryos pretreated with salicylic acid. The longest reading open frame in SaPRP encodes a polypeptide of 326 amino acids. It reveals 48% identity in 233 amino acids overlap with a proline-rich glycoprotein from maize. Southern hybridization with sandalwood genomic DNA digests suggests that SaPRP possibly belongs to a small gene family. Northern blot analysis shows that this SaPRP is expressed predominantly in leaf tissues without salicylic acid induction. The induction of this SaPRP was observed in the somatic embryos treated with salicylic acid

Oral immunization of cattle with hemagglutinin protein of rinderpest virus expressed in transgenic peanut induces specific immune responses

Rinderpest is an acute, highly contagious often fatal disease of large and small ruminants, both domestic and wild. Global eradication of rinderpest needs a robust, safe and cost-effective vaccine. The causative agent, rinderpest virus (RPV) is an important member of the genus Morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family. We have generated transgenic peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) plants expressing hemagglutinin protein of RPV and report here, the induction of immune responses in cattle following oral feeding with transgenic leaves expressing hemagglutinin protein without oral adjuvant. Hemagglutinin-specific antibody was detected in the serum as confirmed by immunohistochemical staining of virus-infected cells, and in vitro neutralization of virus infectivity. Oral delivery also resulted in cell-mediated immune responses

Plant regeneration from shoot callus of rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.)

In vitro propagation of trees using cell, tissue and organ culture is a fast emerging area. We report here the clonal propagation of Indian rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.) from shoot callus cultures of 5 year old trees. Bud regeneration was obtained on MS media supplemented with BA and NAA. About 35 of the cultures showed organogenesis. Shoots measuring about 3-5 cm can be excised and rooted in White's medium supplemented with 1-2 mg/L IAA. Rooted plants were successfully established in soil. © 1986 Springer-Verlag

Direct somatic embroygenesis from immature embryos of rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.)

Direct regeneration of somatic embryos was obtained from immature zygotic embryos of Dalbergia latifolia. Immature embryos dissected from green pods 90 d after flowering gave the highest frequency of somatic embryo formation. Preculture on high 2,4-D medium for 4 weeks induced direct somatic embryogenesis, which was expressed during the second culture phase in the presence of low 2,4-D along with a high sucrose concentration. Embryos were separated and transferred to the maturation medium containing MS + 0.5-1.0 mg/L BAP, where embryos developed into plantlets. Somatic embryos failed to convert into complete plants without BAP treatment. This method of direct regeneration of somatic embryos without a callus phase has direct application for genetic manipulation studies

Regeneration Of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.) From Root Explants

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) was efficiently regenerated from cultured roots of 15-d-old seedlings on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.45 {\mu}M thidiazuron and 13.3 {\mu}M 6-benzyladenine. Within 28d of culture initiation, induction of organogenic calluses and subsequent differentiation into shoot buds were observed.Shoot buds upon subculture to MS basal medium elongated into healthy shoots.Excised shoots (2-4 cm) were rooted on Soilrite(R) irrigated with water either in vitro or in vivo. Plants with well-developed root systems were established under field conditions after hardening in the glasshouse, where they developed into flowering plants and produced mature fruits with viable seeds