EVALUATION OF IN-VITRO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF SIDA ACUTA BURM.F.

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of the present work was to investigate the in-vitro cytotoxic activity of chloroform extract of Sida acuta Burm.f.Methods: The in-vitro cytotoxic activity of chloroform extract was performed by MTT assay method against A-431 (Human epidermoid carcinoma) and HeLa (Human cervical cancer) cell lines.Results: The various concentration of crude chloroform extract (1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5 µg/ml concentration) of Sida acuta whole plant was performed for cytotoxic activity. Effect of inhibition of cell growth showed significantly cytotoxic against A-431 cell lines (human epidermoid carcinoma) with an of 375±0.00 and HeLa cell lines (human cervix carcinoma with an IC50 (inhibit cell growth by 50%) 610.00±2.5. The results obtained from the study indicate significant cytotoxic activity. The result of anticancer activity study in cell lines of the extract indicates that Sida acuta has anticancer activity against A-431-Human epidermoid carcinoma, HeLa-Human cervical cancer cell lines.Conclusion: The present study concluded that the chloroform extract of Sida acuta Burm.f. posses potent cytotoxic activity.Keywords: Sida acuta Burm.f., Chloroform extract, Cytotoxic activity, IC50.     Â

ALGINATE BASED GASTRO-RETENTIVE RAFT FORMING TABLETS FOR ENHANCED BIOAVAILABILITY OF TINIDAZOLE

Objective: Tinidazole, a nitroimidazole derivative is having low aqueous solubility which is a major barrier for systemic drug absorption. The aim of the present research was to develop gastro retentive raft forming tablets of tinidazole to achieve prolonged gastric residence time and thus higher bioavailability.Methods: Solid dispersion of tinidazole was prepared by kneading method by using methanol and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Different concentration of sodium alginate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was used to formulate a suitable raft forming tablets and then evaluated for drug content, floating lag time, raft strength, raft volume, raft weight, drug release and release kinetics.Results: Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) study confirms compatibility between drug and polymer. The floating lag time was found in the range of 40±4 to 60±5 s for all the formulation. Raft strength for all the formulations was within the range from 3.03±0.12 to 5.92±0.06 g. The raft volume for all the formulation was found within the range of 7.37±1.86 to 9.84±2.76 ml. Raft weight was measured after completion of raft formation for each formulation and was found in the range of 5.21±1.17 to 7.88±1.95 g. In vitro dissolution was carried up to 8 h and percentage of drug release was found to vary between 79.71±2.18 to 94.32±1.79 %.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the combination of solid dispersion and raft formation increases the bioavailability of tinidazole in tablet formulation

EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AND ANTHELMINTIC PROPERTY OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF CLITORIA TERNATEA L.

Objective: The objective of the present work was to evaluate the phytochemical study, cytotoxic activity and anthelmintic property of the whole plant chloroform extract of Clitoria ternatea L.Methods: The chloroform extract was tested for protein, amino acids. alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, saponins. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of chloroform extract was performed by MTT assay method against HepG2 (Liver carcinoma), HeLa (Cervix carcinoma) cell lines. 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml concentration of chloroform extract of Clitoria ternatea L. whole plant were taken for performing anthelmintic activity against adult Indian earthworm Pheritima posthuma.Results: The preliminary phytochemical tests revealed that chloroform extract of Clitoria ternatea L. contains amino acids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids. Effect of inhibition of cell growth showed significant cytotoxicity against HepG2 with an IC50 of 110.00±1.9 μg/ml and against HeLa with an IC50 of 104.50±0.9μg/ml. The crude chloroform extract (25, 50, 150 mg/ml concentration) of Clitoria ternatea L. whole plant shows potent anthelmintic activity against Pheritima posthuma.Conclusion: The present study concluded that Clitoria ternatea L. can be considered as an important source of natural products that have anti-cancer potentials and potent anthelmintic activity

In vitro antimicrobial screening of methanolic extracts of Cleome chelidonii and Cleome gynandra

Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of plants was screened by disc diffusion assay against four bacteria and four fungal cultures. Streptomycin (10 ?g/disc) and nystatin (10 ?g/disc) are used as standards for bacteria and fungi respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts was evaluated through micro broth dilution method. The antimicrobial potency of plant extracts was assessed by their zone of inhibition and activity index values. Total activity of extracts was evaluated to quantitatively compare the activity of two plants. Methanolic extract of Cleome gynandra showed maximum antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (IZ- 22 ± 0.22 mm, AI-0.917, MIC- 0.039 mg/mL, MBC- 0.039 mg/mL). Maximum antifungal potential was shown by C. chelidonii against Candida albicans (IZ- 25 ± 0.92 mm, AI-1.000, MIC- 0.039 mg/mL, MFC- 0.039 mg/mL). Both the extracts exhibited good antimicrobial activity with low range of MIC

ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF GYROCARPUS ASIATICUS WILLD

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract of Gyrocarpus asiaticus Willd. Methods: The Gyrocarpus asiaticus Willd extract under study has been screened for the antibacterial activity against with Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, pseudomonas mirebelis, Pseudomonas auroginosa and Klebsiella pneumoni human pathogenic bacteria by disc diffusion method. Results: Methanolic extract showed satisfactory results against almost all the organisms, among them against E.coli it showed highest zone of inhibition 18.5mm (0.4g/ml) with the minimum inhibitatory concentration (MIC) value of 0.039 mg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.16mg/ml. Other Gram negative pathogens like P. mirabelis, P. auroginosa shows good zone of  inhibition 13.9 mm and 17 mm (0.4g/ml) with  less minimum inhibitatory concentration of 0.039 mg/ml and MBC values of  0.16 mg/ml for the  above mention bacteria. But klebsiella sp was found to be resistant with no MIC, no MBC value and with a very less zone of inhibition of 7.5mm (0.4g/ml) when compared with the standards. Conclusion: From the results, it is evident that Gyrocarpus asiaticus Willd is recommended as a plant of an antibacterial agent. Keywords: Gyrocarpus asiaticus Willd, methanolic extract, antibacterial activity, MIC, MBC