Effects of threshold resummation

We investigate effects of threshold resummation of logarithmic corrections $\ln N$ in Mellin space quantitatively. Threshold resummation leads to enhancement of next-to-leading-order QCD predictions for jet production at large jet transverse energy, which is in the trend indicated by experimental data. We show that this enhancement is completely determined by the behavior of threshold resummation at small $N$, the region where hierachy among different powers of $\ln N$ is lost and current next-to-leading-logarithm resummation is not reliable. Our analysis indicates that more accurate threshold resummation formalism should be developed in order to obtain convincing predictions.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure

Condensed Surfaces of Magnetic Neutron Stars, Thermal Surface Emission, and Particle Acceleration Above Pulsar Polar Caps

For sufficiently strong magnetic fields and/or low temperatures, the neutron star surface may be in a condensed state with little gas or plasma above it. Such surface condensation can significantly affect the thermal emission from isolated neutron stars, and may lead to the formation of a charge-depleted acceleration zone ("vacuum gap") in the magnetosphere above the stellar polar cap. Using the latest results on the cohesive property of magnetic condensed matter, we quantitatively determine the conditions for surface condensation and vacuum gap formation in magnetic neutron stars. We find that condensation can occur if the thermal energy kT of the neutron star surface is less than about 8% of its cohesive energy Q_s, and that a vacuum gap can form if the neutron star's rotation axis and magnetic moment point in opposite directions and kT is less than about 4% of Q_s. Thus, vacuum gap accelerators may exist for some neutron stars. Motivated by this result, we also study the physics of pair cascades in the vacuum gap model for photon emission by accelerating electrons and positrons due to both curvature radiation and resonant/nonresonant inverse Compton scattering. Our calculations of the condition of cascade-induced vacuum breakdown and the related pulsar death line/boundary generalize previous works to the superstrong field regime. We find that inverse Compton scatterings do not produce a sufficient number of high energy photons in the gap and thus do not lead to pair cascades for most neutron star parameters. We discuss the implications of our results for the recent observations of neutron star thermal radiation as well as for the detection/non-detection of radio emission from high-B pulsars and magnetars.Comment: 25 pages, 11 figures. Minor changes. MNRAS in pres

Theory of Disk Accretion onto Magnetic Stars

Disk accretion onto magnetic stars occurs in a variety of systems, including accreting neutron stars (with both high and low magnetic fields), white dwarfs, and protostars. We review some of the key physical processes in magnetosphere-disk interaction, highlighting the theoretical uncertainties. We also discuss some applications to the observations of accreting neutron stars and protostellar systems, as well as possible connections to protoplanetary disks and exoplanets.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures. EPJ Web of Conferences (Vol.64) "Physics at the Magnetospheric Boundary", Geneva, Switzerland, 25-28 June, 2013, eds. E. Bozzo et al. http://www.epj-conferences.org/index.php?option=com_toc&url=/articles/epjconf/abs/2014/01/contents/contents.htm

Oscillations of complex networks

A complex network processing information or physical flows is usually characterized by a number of macroscopic quantities such as the diameter and the betweenness centrality. An issue of significant theoretical and practical interest is how such a network responds to sudden changes caused by attacks or disturbances. By introducing a model to address this issue, we find that, for a finite-capacity network, perturbations can cause the network to \emph{oscillate} persistently in the sense that the characterizing quantities vary periodically or randomly with time. We provide a theoretical estimate of the critical capacity-parameter value for the onset of the network oscillation. The finding is expected to have broad implications as it suggests that complex networks may be structurally highly dynamic.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. submitte

Lozenge tilings of a halved hexagon with an array of triangles removed from the boundary

Proctor's work on staircase plane partitions yields an enumeration of lozenge tilings of a halved hexagon on the triangular lattice. Rohatgi recently extended this tiling enumeration to a halved hexagon with a triangle removed from the boundary. In this paper we prove a generalization of the results of Proctor and Rohatgi by enumerating lozenge tilings of a halved hexagon in which an array of adjacent triangles has been removed from the boundary.Comment: 28 pages. Third version: fixed several typo