71 research outputs found
Assessment of future climate and land use changes on streamflow and phosphorus transport in a Swedish agricultural catchment
Despite efforts to reduce nutrient excess in surface waters in the last decades, eutrophication continues to be an important environmental problem in Europe. The presence of excess phosphorus (P) in waters, together with nitrogen (N), is one of its main causes. It is crucial to understand how P may respond to future environmental change to adopt adequate management strategies to fight this problem in the long term. The present study explored this direction of research by testing the effects of future climate, weather and land use on streamflow and total P using hydrologic and water quality modelling in Sävjaån catchment (722km2), central Sweden. The scenarios represented future changes in the period 2071-2100
derived from representative concentration pathway (RCP) emission scenarios, changes in extreme precipitation patterns and land use changes. Results showed higher maximum P loads when more extreme precipitation events were combined with high emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5). Besides, extreme precipitation increase caused significant differences between maximum and minimum annual P loads, suggesting an increased uncertainty in future projections. Lastly, results indicated a shift in the seasonal distribution in loads, with decreases in winter and spring loads associated with less snowfall and increases in autumn and especially summer loads
Educación y comunidad gitana: una aproximación desde el trabajo social
En este trabajo se trata de dar una visión sobre la importancia de la educación en el ámbito de la comunidad gitana. Se van a tratar temas como la cultura gitana, las dificultades que se les presentan, las situaciones que se presentan por el hecho de no obtener una formación académica, políticas que ayudan a la intervención con este colectivo y los recursos disponibles para poder intervenir y el papel que toma el Trabajador Social en todo este proceso.Grado en Trabajo Socia
Estudio de factibilidad pata la producciòn y comercializacion de papel y articulos artesanales con material reciclable``Diclar Papel`` en la ciudad de Neiva
El proyecto de producción y comercialización de papel y artículos artesanales con material reciclable “DICLAR PAPEL”, esta ubicado en la ciudad de Neiva, con el propósito de elaborar papel ecológico y elaboración de productos artesanales como agendas, directorios, tarjetas, bolsas de regalo, entre otros.
En la elaboración de las fases de este proyecto, se analizaron aspectos como el entorno regional, mercado, técnico, financiero y evaluación del mismo, con base en estos resultados se conoció que sí se justifica su realización, según los siguientes resultados:
El estudio de mercado indica que la demanda total de productos de papel ecológico y artículos artesanales en la ciudad de Neiva es de 444.192 unidades, pero solamente se cubriendo 200.256 unidades, lo que nos indica que existe una demanda insatisfecha del 54.94% o sea 244.039 unidades, donde la empresa pretende cubrir una parte de esta demanda, lo que indica que cubrirá un 15.89% o sea 38.800 unidades para el primer año de funcionamiento, lo que quiere decir que tiene cupo de acción para su ejecución en la ciudad de Neiva.
Para la consecución de la materia prima e insumos no va ser un inconveniente, debido a que es de fácil obtención en la región.
La empresa para el primer año tendrá la capacidad de producir 38.800 unidades de papel ecológico y artículos artesanales y su comercialización será la zona urbana de Neiva donde la planta de producción estará localizada en la zona industrial de la ciudad.
La empresa será una Sociedad Limitada, conformada por dos socias, quienes serán las encargadas de la producción, comercialización y velar por las metas y objetivos trazados en este proyecto.
El costo total del proyecto es de TREINTA MILLONES SETECIENTOS OCHO MIL PESOS M/CTE. (220.512.000) y costos operacionales por CIENTO VEINTISIETE MILLONES TRESCIENTOS VEINTITRES MIL CUATROCIENTOS SESENTA PESOS M/CTE. (30.708.000), donde se determinaron los ingresos por venta para el primer año de funcionamiento de DOSCIENTOS VEINTE MILLONES QUINIENTOS DOCE MIL PESOS M/CTE. (127.323.460).
Se determino la necesidad de solicitar un crédito por el 50% del costo del proyecto, pues las socias no cuentan con los recursos económicos suficientes
Las dificultades para la docencia del Derecho en el Grado en Trabajo Social
En el presente trabajo se ponen de manifiesto los principales problemas que plantea la docencia del Derecho en el Grado en Trabajo Social y se sugieren soluciones al respecto. Para determinar las dificultades más preocupantes en este ámbito profesores de las cinco áreas de conocimiento encargados de impartir asignaturas jurídicas y alumnos de primer curso de la titulación han compartido sus reflexiones. Concretamente, han concluido que los inconvenientes para la enseñanza del Derecho en el Grado en Trabajo Social proceden, de un lado, del perfil no jurídico de los alumnos y de su reciente incorporación a los estudios universitarios; y, de otro, del escaso peso que las asignaturas jurídicas albergan en el Grado en Trabajo Social, que, además, son compartidas entre distintas áreas de conocimiento de diversos departamentos. Con el propósito de poner remedio a estos problemas, que dificultan la enseñanza de las materias jurídicas y su correcto aprendizaje por parte de los estudiantes, en el trabajo se sugieren soluciones a corto y largo plazo
Behavior changes in children/adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
Abstract Objectives: to describe behavioral changes related to mental health in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder during social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: this is a systematic review conducted under the PRISMA protocol (2020) in the PubMed, SciELO and VHL databases, with a period of 2019-2022. Results: 3,735 studies were screened and ten were selected, according to the eligibility criteria. The sample had 4,688 participants. There was evidence of a worsening of signs and symptoms regarding the mental health of this population, expressed mainly through changes in mood, with increased anxiety, sadness or depressed symptoms, in addition to increased hyperactivity. Behavioral changes also included reduced sleep quality and physical activity, and increased use of digital technologies and screen time. Conclusions: it was described that children and youth groups, especially those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, had increased emotional symptoms and conduct problems when compared to before the pandemic, making it possible to recognize the negative repercussions of the changes imposed by it. These factors are important for planning more effective care strategies
Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)
This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Multimorbidity patterns and trajectories in young and middle-aged adults: a large-scale population-based cohort study
IntroductionThe presence of multiple chronic conditions, also referred to as multimorbidity, is a common finding in adults. Epidemiologic research can help identify groups of individuals with similar clinical profiles who could benefit from similar interventions. Many cross-sectional studies have revealed the existence of different multimorbidity patterns. Most of these studies were focused on the older population. However, multimorbidity patterns begin to form at a young age and can evolve over time following distinct multimorbidity trajectories with different impact on health. In this study, we aimed to identify multimorbidity patterns and trajectories in adults 18–65 years old.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective longitudinal epidemiologic study in the EpiChron Cohort, which includes all inhabitants of Aragón (Spain) registered as users of the Spanish National Health System, linking, at the patient level, information from electronic health records from both primary and specialised care. We included all 293,923 patients 18–65 years old with multimorbidity in 2011. We used cluster analysis at baseline (2011) and in 2015 and 2019 to identify multimorbidity patterns at four and eight years of follow-up, and we then created alluvial plots to visualise multimorbidity trajectories. We performed age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis to study the association of each pattern with four- and eight-year mortality.ResultsWe identified three multimorbidity patterns at baseline, named dyslipidaemia & endocrine-metabolic, hypertension & obesity, and unspecific. The hypertension & obesity pattern, found in one out of every four patients was associated with a higher likelihood of four- and eight-year mortality (age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio 1.11 and 1.16, respectively) compared to the unspecific pattern. Baseline patterns evolved into different patterns during the follow-up.DiscussionWell-known preventable cardiovascular risk factors were key elements in most patterns, highlighting the role of hypertension and obesity as risk factors for higher mortality. Two out of every three patients had a cardiovascular profile with chronic conditions like diabetes and obesity that are linked to low-grade systemic chronic inflammation. More studies are encouraged to better characterise the relatively large portion of the population with an unspecific disease pattern and to help design and implement effective and comprehensive strategies towards healthier ageing
Creación de la Historioteca Veterinaria: píldoras de conocimiento sobre historia de la veterinaria
Proyecto de Innovación Educativo 341 curso 20-21
Creación de la Historioteca Veterinaria: píldoras de conocimiento sobre historia de la veterinaria
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