189 research outputs found

    Desenvolvimento tecnológico : a propriedade industrial na produção da guitarra elétrica e captadores no Brasil

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    The knowledge society valorizes intangible assets. The creation of new products and functional improvement of these can promote competitive advantage and provide opportunities for economic development through IP Intellectual-Property. The Electric Guitar is an innovation that resulted from research and exploration carried by independent inventors. Production on a significant scale occurred from the 1940s in the United States, country that registered the first patents in the development of this musical instrument. Electric Guitar, which combines technological innovation since its inception, impacts the cultural development of Western society. It constitutes an important pillar for the industrial platform related to music that connects a worldwide chain of input suppliers and service providers. The pickup is the electromagnetic component that allowed the invention of the electric guitar in the United States of America and the Bahiana Guitar in Brazil. Both inventions are inducing cultural changes, however their economic impacts are different in scale and characteristics. The technological development of the pickups is crucial to the competitiveness of Electric Guitar's manufacturers. This dissertation represents an opportunity to reflect about the dynamic of this industry. Currently, the production of the Electric Guitar it is both industrial and artisanal. Brazil is a consumer market in expansion, what favors the increase of imports. In contrast, the international operations of brazilian industry in this sector is still under construction. Based on a descriptive applied research, the present dissertation is exploratory and explanatory. The elements of the research are: the current situation of the industrial segment of the Electric Guitar at the national level and in other relevant countries in the production and consumption of this instrument; exploration and analysis of the technological development of the pickup in Industrial Property databases, and the industry connection with the exportation incentive mechanisms. This dissertation aims to contribute to present this economic sector's potential and to demonstrate the importance of Industrial Property for its development, by considering the opportunities for the promotion of applied research, the Industrial Property registration, the development of technological innovation, and support mechanisms available in the National Innovation System.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESA sociedade do conhecimento contempla a valorização do intangível. A criação de novos produtos e respectiva melhoria funcional destes constituem diferencial competitivo e oportunidade de crescimento por meio da Propriedade Intelectual (PI). Neste sentido a Guitarra Elétrica é uma inovação resultante de pesquisas e descobertas de inventores independentes. Sua produção em escala significativa ocorreu a partir da década de 1940, nos Estados Unidos da América, país que registrou as primeiras patentes no desenvolvimento deste instrumento musical. A Guitarra Elétrica agrega inovações tecnológicas a partir da sua criação, impactando no desenvolvimento cultural da sociedade ocidental, consistindo em um pilar relevante para a plataforma industrial relacionada à música, interligando uma cadeia mundial de fornecedores de insumos e prestadores de serviços. O Captador é o componente eletromagnético que permitiu a invenção da Guitarra Elétrica nos Estados Unidos da América e da Guitarra Baiana no Brasil. Ambos os inventos são indutores de mudanças culturais, porém, com impactos econômicos em escalas e características distintas. O desenvolvimento tecnológico dos Captadores é crucial para a competitividade dos fabricantes de Guitarras Elétricas, e nesta dissertação representam uma oportunidade para análise e entendimento da dinâmica setorial. Atualmente, a fabricação da Guitarra Elétrica ocorre tanto com produção industrial, quanto artesanal, sendo o Brasil um mercado consumidor em expansão, favorecendo o aumento das importações oriundas de diversos países, contrapondo uma atuação internacional ainda em construção da indústria brasileira. Baseado em uma pesquisa descritiva aplicada, o trabalho de dissertação é exploratório e explicativo. Os elementos da pesquisa são: o panorama atual do segmento industrial da Guitarra Elétrica em âmbito nacional e em outros países relevantes na produção e no consumo deste instrumento; a prospecção e análise do desenvolvimento tecnológico do captador nas bases de Propriedade Industrial, e a conexão setorial com os mecanismos de incentivo à exportação. Assim, este trabalho de dissertação visa contribuir apresentando o potencial econômico do setor, demonstrando a importância da Propriedade Industrial para o seu desenvolvimento, considerando as oportunidades para o fomento à Pesquisa Aplicada, o registro da Propriedade Industrial, o desenvolvimento da Inovação Tecnológica, e os mecanismos de suporte disponíveis no Sistema Nacional de Inovação

    Diseño de Mundos-Historia

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    Digitization affects not only consumption, but also creation. Stories should not be designed only for a medium (screen). As creators we can no longer only think of a medium, we must think about its relationship with the ecosystem of the media, regardless of the future in which our creations are developed. Nowadays it is necessary to think the narrative production more in terms of fictional universe –storyworld- and less in terms of closed history.La digitalización afecta no sólo al consumo, sino también a la creación. Las historias no deben diseñarse solo para un medio (pantalla). Como creadores ya no sólo podemos pensar en un medio, sino que debemos pensar en su relación con el ecosistema de los medios, con independencia del futuro en el que nuestras creaciones se desarrollen, hoy en día es necesario pensar la producción narrativa más en términos de universo ficcional y menos en términos de historia cerrada

    StoryWorld Design

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    La digitalización afecta no sólo al consumo, sino también a la creación. Las historias no deben diseñarse solo para un medio (pantalla). Como creadores ya no sólo podemos pensar en un medio, sino que debemos pensar en su relación con el ecosistema de los medios, con independencia del futuro en el que nuestras creaciones se desarrollen, hoy en día es necesario pensar la producción narrativa más en términos de universo ficcional y menos en términos de historia cerrada.Digitization affects not only consumption, but also creation. Stories should not be designed only for a medium (screen). As creators we can no longer only think of a medium, we must think about its relationship with the ecosystem of the media, regardless of the future in which our creations are developed. Nowadays it is necessary to think the narrative production more in terms of fictional universe –storyworld- and less in terms of closed history

    DNA sequence-specific recognition by a transcriptional regulator requires indirect readout of A-tracts

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    The bacteriophage Ø29 transcriptional regulator p4 binds to promoters of different intrinsic activities. The p4–DNA complex contains two identical protomers that make similar interactions with the target sequence 5′-AACTTTTT-15 bp-AAAATGTT-3′. To define how the various elements in the target sequence contribute to p4's affinity, we studied p4 binding to a series of mutated binding sites. The binding specificity depends critically on base pairs of the target sequence through both direct as well as indirect readout. There is only one specific contact between a base and an amino acid residue; other contacts take place with the phosphate backbone. Alteration of direct amino acid–base contacts, or mutation of non-contacted A·T base pairs at A-tracts abolished binding. We generated three 5 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the basis for the p4–DNA complex specificity. Recognition is controlled by the protein and depends on DNA dynamic properties. MD results on protein–DNA contacts and the divergence of p4 affinity to modified binding sites reveal an inherent asymmetry, which is required for p4-specific binding and may be crucial for transcription regulation

    La revolución cubana y la economía, 1959-2012. Los ciclos de política y el ciclo azucarero

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    This article argues that the main problem of the Cuban economy before the extinction of the URSS has been the end of two centuries of specialization in the sugar production, since the emergence of a new partner, Venezuela, did not provide an alternative market. The paper shows that policies have not addressed radically the situation, and analyzes the recent reforms as a program designed to alleviate them, but without changes in the socio-economic and political system.Este artículo sostiene que el principal problema económico de Cuba tras la extinción de la URSS ha sido el fin de dos siglos de especialización en producir azúcar, pues la aparición de un nuevo socio, Venezuela, no proporcionó un mercado alternativo. Además muestra que las políticas aplicadas no han afrontado radicalmente la situación, y analiza las reformas recientes, que diseñan un programa para aliviarlos, pero sin modificar el sistema socio-económico y político

    As mídias sociais digitais e o ensino da Matemática: desafios e possibilidades para a difusão do conhecimento no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19

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    The Covid-19 pandemic significantly impacted the routine of the school context, thinking about teacher training and the use of digital technologies, in this context, has become fundamental for educational activities to enable access to formal education, following with health security, an example the suspension of face-to-face activities. To delimit the investigated object, we analyzed the Multidisciplinary Laboratory of the UEFS degrees and the Center for the Improvement of Mathematics Teaching at USP. In this path, the general objective is to analyze how digital social media can contribute to the dissemination of mathematical knowledge and teacher training. For that, we used Telematically Mediated Cognitive Analysis to organize and analyze the data. Among the main findings when analyzing these projects, we highlight that the telematically mediated meanings presented effective elements for the apprehension of communicated language and the development of generalizing thinking, as well as promoting communication and human interaction, however, they still need a greater investment so that the full potential mediations can be used in order to improve the teaching-learning processes intertwined with socially constructed knowledge and knowledge.A pandemia da Covid-19 impactou de forma significativa a rotina do contexto escola, pensar em formação docente e uso das tecnologias digitais, nesse contexto, tornou-se fundamental para que atividades educacionais viabilizassem o acesso ao ensino formal seguindo as orientações sanitárias, a exemplo da suspensão das atividades presenciais. Para delimitar o objeto investigado, analisamos o Laboratório Multidisciplinar das licenciaturas UEFS e Centro de Aperfeiçoamento do Ensino de Matemática da USP. Nesta senda, o objetivo geral consistiu em analisar como as mídias sociais digitais podem contribuir para a difusão de conhecimento matemático e com a formação docente. Para tanto, utilizamos a Análise Cognitiva Telematicamente Mediada visando organizar e analisar os dados. Entre os principais achados ao analisar os referidos projetos destacamos que as interações mediadas telematicamente apresentaram elementos efetivos para apreensão de linguagem simbólica e desenvolvimento do pensamento generalizante bem como promoveram a comunicação e a interação humana, contudo  ainda carecem de um maior investimento para que todo o potencial destas mediações possa ser utilizado a fim de melhorar os processos de ensino-aprendizagem entrelaçado com os saberes e conhecimentos socialmente construídos

    Pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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    Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of disease ranging from hepatocellular steatosis through steatohepatitis to fibrosis and irreversible cirrhosis. The prevalence of NAFLD has risen rapidly in parallel with the dramatic rise in obesity and diabetes, and is rapidly becoming the most common cause of liver disease in Western countries. Indeed, NAFLD is now recognized to be the aetiology in many cases previously labelled as cryptogenic cirrhosis
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