Art, Education, Work, and Leisure: Tangles in the Lifelong Learning Network

Although the field of art education has, in recent years, acknowledged the prevalence of non-formal educational sites, our literature is divided on whether this trend poses an opportunity for cooperation and strength or a threat to the status of art as a school subject. This paper consults the literature of critical theory within the domains of art, education, and leisure studies in order to examine the relationship between formal and non-formal art education. First, it considers ways in which tradition conceptualizations of art, education, leisure, and work foster an acceptance of art as experience and knowledge to be gained outside of school. Second, it explores the notions of lifelong learning and education, which are frequently offered as umbrellas under which school and community-based art education can peacefully co-exist. The paper suggests that neither an uncritical call for cooperation nor a more entrenched territoriality between formal and non-formal institutions is likely to serve the future interests of art education. Rather, a complex problem is revealed which requires a reconceptualization of education, a consideration of values surrounding democratic access to knowledge, and a challenge to work toward more egalitarian institutional and social structures

Parents, Middle-class-ness, and Out-of-School Art Education

This article explores the intersections of middle-class parenting practices and out-of-school art education. Drawing on the work of Lareau (2003) and Kusserow (2004) it argues that middle-class parents use a particular logic of parenting that involves the ongoing cultivation of children in hopes of promoting future security and life advantage. I argue that out-of-school art education is often taken up within this parenting practice in ways that serve the cultivation of both general and specific middle-class values

Mars mission solar array Semiannual progress report, period ending 31 Dec. 1969

Design and testing of beryllium-structure solar panel for Mars missio

High-Energy Gamma-Ray Observations of Two Young, Energetic Radio Pulsars

We present results of Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory EGRET observations of the unidentified high-energy gamma-ray sources 2EG J1049-5847 (GEV J1047-5840, 3EG J1048-5840) and 2EG J1103-6106 (3EG J1102-6103). These sources are spatially coincident with the young, energetic radio pulsars PSRs B1046-58 and J1105-6107, respectively. We find evidence for an association between PSR B1046-58 and 2EG J1049-5847. The gamma-ray pulse profile, obtained by folding time-tagged photons having energies above 400 MeV using contemporaneous radio ephemerides, has probability of arising by chance of 1.2E-4 according to the binning-independent H-test. A spatial analysis of the on-pulse photons reveals a point source of equivalent significance 10.2 sigma. Off-pulse, the significance drops to 5.8 sigma. Archival ASCA data show that the only hard X-ray point source in the 95% confidence error box of the gamma-ray source is spatially coincident with the pulsar within the 1' uncertainty (Pivovaroff, Kaspi & Gotthelf 1999). The double peaked gamma-ray pulse morphology and leading radio pulse are similar to those seen for other gamma-ray pulsars and are well-explained in models in which the gamma-ray emission is produced in charge-depleted gaps in the outer magnetosphere. The inferred pulsed gamma-ray flux above 400 MeV, (2.5 +/- 0.6) x 10E-10 erg/cm^2/s, represents 0.011 +/- 0.003 of the pulsar's spin-down luminosity, for a distance of 3 kpc and 1 sr beaming. For PSR J1105-6107, light curves obtained by folding EGRET photons using contemporaneous radio ephemerides show no significant features. We conclude that this pulsar converts less than 0.014 of its spin-down luminosity into E > 100 MeV gamma-rays beaming in our direction (99% confidence), assuming a distance of 7 kpc, 1 sr beaming and a duty cycle of 0.5.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journa