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Response functions in the critical comparison of conjunctive management systems in two western states
Comparing the relative performances of different conjunctive management systems requires the characterization of those systems in like terms. Once characterized, the systems can then be simulated with computer models and their performances evaluated. Response functions provide an efficient means of incorporating hydrogeologic characteristics of a river-aquifer system in a computer program that simulates the behavior of a system under a given management system. Even though response functions are defined only for linear systems, this paper demonstrates their use in certain nonlinear systems, such as when the water table drops below the extinction depth for evapotranspiration. Examples of the criteria that may be used to evaluate the conjunctive management systems described in this paper include drawdown and river leakance induced by pumping (capture) as well as the ability of the system to meet surface water demands and system exit requirements.hydrology collectio
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MODRSP: a program to calculate drawdown, velocity, storage and capture response functions for multi-aquifer systems
MODRSP is program used for calculating drawdown, velocity, storage losses and capture response functions for multi - aquifer ground -water flow systems. Capture is defined as the sum of the increase in aquifer recharge and decrease in aquifer discharge as a result of an applied stress from pumping [Bredehoeft et al., 19821. The capture phenomena treated by MODRSP are stream- aquifer leakance, reduction of evapotranspiration losses, leakance from adjacent aquifers, flows to and from prescribed head boundaries and increases or decreases in natural recharge or discharge from head dependent boundaries. The response functions are independent of the magnitude of the stresses and are dependent on the type of partial differential equation, the boundary and initial conditions and the parameters thereof, and the spatial and temporal location of stresses. The aquifers modeled may have irregular -shaped areal boundaries and non -homogeneous transmissive and storage qualities. For regional aquifers, the stresses are generally pumpages from wells. The utility of response functions arises from their capacity to be embedded in management models. The management models consist of a mathematical expression of a criterion to measure preference, and sets of constraints which act to limit the preferred actions. The response functions are incorporated into constraints that couple the hydrologic system with the management system (Maddock, 1972). MODRSP is a modification of MODFLOW (McDonald and Harbaugh, 1984,1988). MODRSP uses many of the data input structures of MODFLOW, but there are major differences between the two programs. The differences are discussed in Chapters 4 and 5. An abbreviated theoretical development is presented in Chapter 2, a more complete theoretical development may be found in Maddock and Lacher (1991). The finite difference technique discussion presented in Chapter 3 is a synopsis of that covered more completely in McDonald and Harbaugh (1988). Subprogram organization is presented in Chapter 4 with the data requirements explained in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 contains three example applications of MODRSP.Research and development was supported in part by the U.S. Geological Survey,
Department of the Interior, under USGS award number 14-08- 0001- G1742. The views
and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be
interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied,
of the U. S. Government.This title from the Hydrology & Water Resources Technical Reports collection is made available by the Department of Hydrology & Atmospheric Sciences and the University Libraries, University of Arizona. If you have questions about titles in this collection, please contact [email protected]
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MR2K: A program to calculate drawdown, velocity, storage and capture response functions
A program, MR2K, used for calculating drawdown, velocity, storage loss, and capture response functions for multi -aquifer groundwater flow systems was developed. Capture is defined as the sum of the increase in aquifer recharge and decrease in aquifer discharge as a result of an applied stress from groundwater pumping. The capture phenomena treated are stream-aquifer leakance, reduction of evapotranspiration losses, reduction of drain flows, flows to and from prescribed head boundaries, and increases or decreases in natural recharge or discharge from head-dependent boundaries. The response functions are independent of the magnitude of the pumping stresses, and are dependent on the type of partial differential equation, boundary and initial conditions and the parameters thereof, and the spatial and temporal locations of stresses. The aquifers modeled may have irregular- shaped boundaries and nonhomogeneous transmissive and storage qualities. The stresses are groundwater withdrawals from wells. The utility of response functions arises from their capacity to be embedded in management models such as decision support systems. The response functions are incorporated into the objective function or constraints that couple the hydrologic system with the management system. Three response -function examples are presented for a hypothetic basin.Research and development for MR2K was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation Science and Technology Center for Sustainabliity of Semi-Arid
Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA). The original MODRSP software was
supported in part by the U.S. Geological Survey under award number 14-08-0001-G1742. The view and conclusions contained in this document are those of the
authors and should not be interpted as necessarily representing the official policies,
either expressed or implied of the U.S. Government.This title from the Hydrology & Water Resources Technical Reports collection is made available by the Department of Hydrology & Atmospheric Sciences and the University Libraries, University of Arizona. If you have questions about titles in this collection, please contact [email protected]
Development of a Shared Vision for Groundwater Management to Protect and Sustain Baseflows of the Upper San Pedro River, Arizona, USA
Groundwater pumping along portions of the binational San Pedro River has depleted aquifer storage that supports baseflow in the San Pedro River. A consortium of 23 agencies, business interests, and non-governmental organizations pooled their collective resources to develop the scientific understanding and technical tools required to optimize the management of this complex, interconnected groundwater-surface water system. A paradigm shift occurred as stakeholders first collaboratively developed, and then later applied, several key hydrologic simulation and monitoring tools. Water resources planning and management transitioned from a traditional water budget-based approach to a more strategic and spatially-explicit optimization process. After groundwater modeling results suggested that strategic near-stream recharge could reasonably sustain baseflows at or above 2003 levels until the year 2100, even in the presence of continued groundwater development, a group of collaborators worked for four years to acquire 2250 hectares of land in key locations along 34 kilometers of the river specifically for this purpose. These actions reflect an evolved common vision that considers the multiple water demands of both humans and the riparian ecosystem associated with the San Pedro River