Les Organisations de la Société Civile et la Lutte Contre la Pauvreté en Afrique Subsaharienne

The paper presents the role played by civil society organisations to bring down the poverty

Deux cas de Macroglobulinémie essentielle chez le chien

Groulade Paul, Groulade J., Labié Ch. Deux cas de Macroglobulinémie essentielle chez le chien. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 112 n°7, 1959. pp. 427-434

Conséquences de l’incorporation en excès de déchets de poisson dans la ration de porcs à l’engrais

Des pores à l’engrais, recevant une ration trop riche en déchets de poisson ont présenté une odeur etunecouleur jaune-brun anormales qui les ont ren dus impropres à la consommation. Ces défauts sont dus à la présence, dans le tissu adipeux de ceroïdes, formes peroxydées de lipides à forte teneur en acides gras hautement non-saturés. Ces chromolipoïdes s’accumulent dans certaines cellules seulement du tissu adipeux qui sont vraisemblablement dérivées des histiocytes du tissu conjonctif. Il convient de faire preuve de prudence dans l’alimentation des porcs à l’aide de déchets de poisson. L’ad ministration de vitamine E semble être indiquée comme mesure de pré caution complémentaire

An exploration of familial associations of two movement pattern-derived subgroups of chronic disabling low back pain; a cross-sectional cohort study

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. Background: Altered movement patterns with pain have been demonstrated in children, adolescents and adults with chronic disabling low back pain (CDLBP). A previously developed classification system has identified different subgroups including active extension and multidirectional patterns in patients with CDLBP. While familial associations have been identified for certain spinal postures in standing, it is unknown whether a familial relationship might exist between movement pattern-derived subgroups in families with CDLBP. Objectives: This study explored whether familial associations in movement pattern-derived subgroups within and between members of families with CDLBP existed. Design: Cross-sectional cohort study. Method: 33 parents and 28 children with CDLBP were classified into two subgroups based on clinical analysis of video footage of postures and functional movements, combined with aggravating factors obtained from Oswestry Disability Questionnaire. Prevalence of subgroups within family members was determined, associations between parent and child's subgroup membership was evaluated using Fisher's exact test, and spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the strength of association between familial dyads. Results: The majority of parents were classified as active extenders, sons predominately multidirectional and daughters were evenly distributed between the two subgroups. No significant association was found when comparing subgroups in nine parent-child relationships. Conclusions: The exploration of a small cohort of family dyads in this study demonstrated that children's movement pattern-derived subgroups could not be explained by their parents' subgroup membership. These results cannot be generalised to the CLBP population due to this study's small sample. Larger sample studies are needed to further elucidate this issue

Mammite à « Cryptococcus neoformans »

Ségretain G., Verge Jean, Drieux Henri, Mariat F., Paraf Alain, Labie C., Théron B. Mammite à «Cryptococcus neoformans». In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 109 n°1, 1956. pp. 33-41

The Agenda and Relevance of Recent Research in Microfinance

This paper studies recent research efforts in the field of microfinance. Two questions guide the study: What is the agenda of recent research efforts? And, for who is the research relevant? As for the agenda the “yin and yang” of microfinance; impact and sustainability, continue to influence most research efforts. The study illustrates that microfinance attracts mainly the interest of development researchers and journals. Accordingly the researchers seem mainly to interact with the donors’ and practitioners’ communities. The research produced seems to be relevant for them and less so for the governmental and banking communities. The paper concludes proposing the design of a new research agenda, this time in cooperation with the banking community

Deinococcus geothermalis: The Pool of Extreme Radiation Resistance Genes Shrinks

Bacteria of the genus Deinococcus are extremely resistant to ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV) and desiccation. The mesophile Deinococcus radiodurans was the first member of this group whose genome was completely sequenced. Analysis of the genome sequence of D. radiodurans, however, failed to identify unique DNA repair systems. To further delineate the genes underlying the resistance phenotypes, we report the whole-genome sequence of a second Deinococcus species, the thermophile Deinococcus geothermalis, which at its optimal growth temperature is as resistant to IR, UV and desiccation as D. radiodurans, and a comparative analysis of the two Deinococcus genomes. Many D. radiodurans genes previously implicated in resistance, but for which no sensitive phenotype was observed upon disruption, are absent in D. geothermalis. In contrast, most D. radiodurans genes whose mutants displayed a radiation-sensitive phenotype in D. radiodurans are conserved in D. geothermalis. Supporting the existence of a Deinococcus radiation response regulon, a common palindromic DNA motif was identified in a conserved set of genes associated with resistance, and a dedicated transcriptional regulator was predicted. We present the case that these two species evolved essentially the same diverse set of gene families, and that the extreme stress-resistance phenotypes of the Deinococcus lineage emerged progressively by amassing cell-cleaning systems from different sources, but not by acquisition of novel DNA repair systems. Our reconstruction of the genomic evolution of the Deinococcus-Thermus phylum indicates that the corresponding set of enzymes proliferated mainly in the common ancestor of Deinococcus. Results of the comparative analysis weaken the arguments for a role of higher-order chromosome alignment structures in resistance; more clearly define and substantially revise downward the number of uncharacterized genes that might participate in DNA repair and contribute to resistance; and strengthen the case for a role in survival of systems involved in manganese and iron homeostasis