Small State, Giant Tax Credits: Hawaii’s Leap into High Technology Development

In 2001, the State of Hawaii established a 100 percent tax credit to promote investment in several targeted high technology industries. We chronicle the evolution of Hawaii’s high technology tax credits, describe their provisions, and catalog a host of problems associated with determining whether or not the tax credits have achieved results desired by lawmakers. We conclude that it was a mistake to initiate a generous tax credit program without adequate monitoring by public agencies or disclosure of how public funds are being used by recipients of tax credits.tax credit, Hawaii, Act 221, qualified high technology business

Multi-point Cleanroom Monitoring

The feasibility of installing a multi-point particle monitoring system in the Rochester Institute of Technology Class 1000 Cleanroom at work level was examined. This consisted of monitoring 10 separate locations in the cleanroom at work level, including flow hoods, processing equipment and room air. An RS1 procedure was written to generate control charts and count information. The results showed that during low and high activity at a station the particle counts were in and out of process limits, respectively. Recommendations were made concerning installation of a complete system

Establishing a bipolar fabrication service for analog circuit realization at the Rochester Institute of Technology

A bipolar fabrication service has been developed at the Rochester Institute of Technology to service students and faculty from the Microelectronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering departments wanting to realize designed integrated circuits. The fabrication technique combined Implanted N-Well and double diffusion processes. Phosphorous was implanted into a p-type substrate, oxidized for eight hours and diffused in nitrogen for another 40 hours to create isolated n-wells. Devices were then fabricated using a double diffusion process. The CAD tool used for the service is the Integrated Circuit Editor, ICE, which has campus wide accessibility through the RIT VAX system. Designed standard cells include resistors, bipolar and MOS transistors, a current mirror, a differential amplifier, a Darlington circuit and an operational amplifier. Full custom circuits can also be designed using ICE. Maskmaking files generated from circuit designs are sent to the Microelectronic Engineering department for circuit fabrication, and the completed circuits are returned to the designer for testing. The RIT N-Well process has provided vertical NPN and PNP transistors with common emitter current gains of 100 and 40 respectively, Early voltages greater than 50 volts, and breakdown voltages higher than 15 volts. Differential amplifiers and current mirrors have alos been successfully designed, fabricated and tested

Genetic interrelations of six yellow-green mutants and mapping of Neglecta1 and YG6 genes on chromosome XI of tomato /

Thesis (M.S.

The singular values of the GUE (less is more)

Some properties that nominally involve the eigenvalues of Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) can instead be phrased in terms of singular values. By discarding the signs of the eigenvalues, we gain access to a surprising decomposition: the singular values of the GUE are distributed as the union of the singular values of two independent ensembles of Laguerre type. This independence is remarkable given the well known phenomenon of eigenvalue repulsion. The structure of this decomposition reveals that several existing observations about large n limits of the GUE are in fact manifestations of phenomena that are already present for finite random matrices. We relate the semicircle law to the quarter-circle law by connecting Hermite polynomials to generalized Laguerre polynomials with parameter ± 1/2. Similarly, we write the absolute value of the determinant of the n x n GUE as a product n independent random variables to gain new insight into its asymptotic log-normality. The decomposition also provides a description of the distribution of the smallest singular value of the GUE, which in turn permits the study of the leading order behavior of the condition number of GUE matrices. The study is motivated by questions involving the enumeration of orientable maps, and is related to questions involving powers of complex Ginibre matrices. The inescapable conclusion of this work is that the singular values of the GUE play an unpredictably important role that had gone unnoticed for decades even though, in hindsight, so many clues had been around.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant DMS–1035400)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant DMS–1016125

U.S.-Mongolian Relations: Two Years of Progress

No abstract available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjia.v0i7.134 The Mongolian Journal of International Affairs; Number 7, 2000, Pages 3-

Dietary nitrate increases arginine availability and protects mitochondrial complex I and energetics in the hypoxic rat heart

This is the final version. It was first published by Wiley in The Journal of Physiology at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1113/jphysiol.2014.275263/abstract.Hypoxic exposure is associated with impaired cardiac energetics in humans and altered mitochondrial function, with suppressed complex I-supported respiration, in rat heart. This response might limit reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, but at the cost of impaired electron transport chain (ETC) activity. Dietary nitrate supplementation improves mitochondrial efficiency and can promote tissue oxygenation by enhancing blood flow. We therefore hypothesised that ETC dysfunction, impaired energetics and oxidative damage in the hearts of rats exposed to chronic hypoxia could be alleviated by sustained administration of a moderate dose of dietary nitrate. Male Wistar rats (n=40) were given water supplemented with 0.7 mmol/L NaCl (as control) or 0.7 mmol/L NaNO3, elevating plasma nitrate levels by 80%, and were exposed to 13% O2 (hypoxia) or normoxia (n=10 per group) for 14 days. Respiration rates, ETC protein levels, mitochondrial density, ATP content and protein carbonylation were measured in cardiac muscle. Complex I respiration rates and protein levels were 33% lower in hypoxic/NaCl rats compared with normoxic/NaCl controls. Protein carbonylation was 65% higher in hearts of hypoxic rats compared with controls, indicating increased oxidative stress, whilst ATP levels were 62% lower. Respiration rates, complex I protein and activity, protein carbonylation and ATP levels were all fully protected in the hearts of nitrate-supplemented hypoxic rats. Both in normoxia and hypoxia, dietary nitrate suppressed cardiac arginase expression and activity and markedly elevated cardiac L-arginine concentrations, unmasking a novel mechanism of action by which nitrate enhances tissue NO bioavailability. Dietary nitrate therefore alleviates metabolic abnormalities in the hypoxic heart, improving myocardial energetics

The rationality of Sol manifolds

Let $\Gamma$ be the fundamental group of a manifold modeled on three dimensional Sol geometry. We prove that $\Gamma$ has a finite index subgroup $G$ which has a rational growth series with respect to a natural generating set. We do this by enumerating $G$ by a regular language. However, in contrast to most earlier proofs of this sort our regular language is not a language of words in the generating set, but rather reflects a different geometric structure in $G$.Comment: 30 pages; author's name changed to agree with published version; to appear in Journal of Algebr