A prática pedagógica e seu entrelaçamento com as relações de gênero

Pretende-se neste artigo apresentar o resultado de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo problematizar as relações de gênero a partir das falas das alunas e dos alunos, na perspectiva de compreender o que dizem/pensam sobre a temática. Esse objetivo se construiu a partir da fala das alunas e alunos do quarto ano do ensino fundamental da escola Carlos Peixoto Primo na cidade de Rio Grande em 2017, que apresentavam conceitos que precisavam ser problematizados. O “Procedimento Metodológico” da pesquisa, levou em consideração a abordagem intervencionista do tipo pedagógica, utilizando a observação e a análise documental como instrumentos da coleta de dados. Os resultados mostraram que com a intervenção as crianças passaram a problematizar as questões de gênero em suas próprias falas como também as das outras crianças, porém ainda percebe-se que muitos padrões que são impostos pela sociedade se fazem presente nas falas e seus comportamentos. Palavras- chave: Fala das alunas e alunos; Relações de Gênero; Prática Pedagógica; Pesquisa-intervenção; Problematização

Immunoexpression of aromatase and estrogen receptors beta in stem spermatogonia of bullfrogs indicates a role of estrogen in the seasonal spermatogonial mitotic activity

Bullfrog stem spermatogonia, also named primordial germ cells (PGCs), show strong testosterone immunolabeling in winter, but no or weak testosterone immunoexpression in summer. Thus, the role of testosterone in these cells needs to be clarified. in this study, we proposed to evaluate whether PGCs express aromatase and estrogen receptors, and verify a possible role of estrogen in PGCs seasonal proliferation. Testes of male adult bullfrogs, collected in winter (WG) and summer (SG), were fixed and embedded in historesin, for quantitative analysis, or paraffin for immunohistochemistry (IHC). the number of haematoxylin/eosin stained PGCs/lobular area was obtained. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), aromatase, estrogen receptor beta (ER beta) and PCNA/ER beta double immunolabeling were detected by IHC. the number of PCNA-positive PGCs and the histological score (HSCORE) of aromatase and ER beta immunolabeled PGCs were obtained. Although the number of PGCs increased significantly in WG, a high number of PCNA-positive PGCs was observed in summer. Moreover, aromatase and ER beta HSCORE was higher in SG than WG. the results indicate that PGCs express a seasonal proliferative activity; the low mitotic activity in winter is related to the maximal limit of germ cells which can be supported in the large lobules. in SG, the increased ER beta and aromatase HSCORE suggests that testosterone is converted into estrogen from winter to summer. Moreover, the parallelism between the high PGCs mitotic activity and ER beta immunoexpression suggest a participation of estrogen in the control of the PGCs seasonal proliferative activity which guarantee the formation of new germ cysts from summer to next autumn. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP)Fed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Morphol & Genet, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Araraquara, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Sch Dent, Dept Morphol,Lab Histol & Embryol, Araraquara, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Morphol & Genet, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2009/17895-5FUNDUNESP: 00661/04-DFPWeb of Scienc

Gall-forming insect attack patterns: a test of the Plant Vigor and the Resource Concentration Hypotheses

We tested the following two hypotheses to investigate the attack patterns by gall-inducing insects on their host plant Eriotheca pubescens: (i) vigorous modules are more often attacked by galling insects; and (ii) E. pubescens trees associated with a higher density of co-specific individuals have a higher gall abundance. We collected terminal branches from the host plant to measure their module lengths and gall richness and abundance and determined the E. pubescens densities in a 5m radius around the focal individual. There was a higher availability of short branches. Among the four gall morphotypes, two preferred the higher branches, and the other two morphotypes had no shoot length preference. Gall attack did not present a relationship with the host plant density. Thus, the vigor of E. pubescens was a determining factor only for some gall morphotypes. In contrast, the resource concentration hypothesis was not important at an intraspecific level for gall attack in this system

INTERAÇÃO EM ANÚNCIOS PREMIADOS – A RELAÇÃO QUE SE ESTABELECE NA IMAGEM

Interação em anúncios premiados – a relação que se estabelece na imagem Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo geral investigar as estruturas da imagem publicitária, em anúncios premiados do Clube da Criação de São Paulo. Além disto, temos a intenção de aplicar a proposição teórico-metodológica de Kress e van Leuweeun (1996): a gramática do design visual. Sendo assim, a análise busca identificar as intencionalidades no momento da construção das mensagens publicitárias.Palavras-chave: Imagens; Anúncios premiados; Metafunção interpessoal. Interacción de los anuncios premiados - la relación que se establece en la imagen Resumen: Este trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar las estructuras de la imagen publicitaria , anuncios ganadores Club de Creación de São Paulo. Además, tenemos la intención de aplicar la proposición teórica y metodológica de Kress y van Leuweeun(1996): la gramática de diseño visual , desarrollada sobre la base de la gramática funcional sistémica de Michael Halliday ( 2004 ) . Optamos por el análisis de la metafunción interpersonal , lo que permite la identificación de las estrategias de construcción en elementos visuales y buscan el contacto con el público objetivo del anuncio. Dispuestos en subcategorías de metafunción interpersonal , hay cuatro aspectos - Contacto , la distancia social , Actitud, estilo - que fueron identificados aquí . Por lo tanto , el análisis busca identificar las intenciones en el momento de la construcción de los mensajes publicitarios .Palabras clave: Imágenes , Publicidad ganadores ; metafunción interpersonal Interaction in award-winning ads - the relationship that is established on image Abstract: This article has the general purpose to investigate the structures of publicity images, in prize-winning advertising of the Clube de Criação de São Paulo (Criative Club of São Paulo). Furthermore, we intend to apply the theoretical and methodological proposal by Kress and van Leeuwen (1996): the grammar of visual design. Therefore, the analysis searches to identify the intentions at the moment from construction of advertising messages.Keywords: Images ; Advertising winners ; interpersonal metafunction

Afeto e (Des)Humanização: a literatura negra lésbica como instrumento de luta

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir como as relações de poder são refletidas na literatura e contribuem para o apagamento e desumanização de sujeitos. Em especial, da mulher negra lésbica que usa a literatura como uma forma de humanização de seus afetos, negados por uma estrutura racista hetero-patriarcal. Além disso, trabalham-se as intersecções e atravessamentos que o corpo carrega e como elas produzem a partir da sua própria vivência. Como base teórica para o trabalho, trazemos a epistemologia feminista negra, a partir de autoras negras brasileiras e norte-americanas. Dessa forma, utilizamos como ferramenta metodológica a interseccionalidade, para explicar como os demarcadores sociais (gênero, raça e sexualidade) atuam em conjunto para desumanizar sujeitos. Por fim, afirmamos que a literatura se torna um instrumento de luta para mulheres que têm suas vivências postas à margem. Assim, utilizaremos as obras de Cidinha da Silva e Audre Lorde para exemplificar as formas de afeto expressas na literatura negra lésbica

Levels of noise in a public hospital laundry

PURPOSE: to measure the noise levels in different shifts of Hospital São Paulo's (HSP) laundry and provide information on health and hearing conservation to the employees and supervisors of the sector. METHODS: this is a descriptive transversal study. The noise levels were checked using a Sound Pressure Meter in the Clean Area of the laundry, in three periods of the day: morning (between 7am and 8am), afternoon (between 12pm and 1pm) and night (between 5pm and 6pm), in three different days and each measurement lasted five minutes. The examiners also checked the use of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) by the employees. RESULTS: we observed 11 machines (skylarks, dryers and washers) in the sector, which contribute to an important variation of noise levels in the laundry (70 to 101 dB) in the checked periods. The use of PPE by employees was rare, observing the use by only six employees (12.76%). CONCLUSIONS: regardless of the shift, Hospital São Paulo laundry's employees, who do not effectively use PPEs, are daily exposed to high levels of sound pressure and as the number of machines in operation increased, the noise levels were also higher.OBJETIVO: mensurar os níveis de ruído em diferentes turnos da lavanderia do Hospital São Paulo (HSP) e prestar esclarecimentos sobre a saúde e a conservação auditivas aos funcionários e supervisores do setor. MÉTODOS: trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo. O ruído foi aferido por meio do medidor de pressão sonora na Área Limpa da lavanderia do HSP, em três períodos do dia: manhã (entre 7h e 8h), tarde (entre 12h e 13h) e noite (entre 17h e 18h), por três dias e cada medição durou cinco minutos. Observou-se o uso de Equipamento de Proteção Individual (EPI) pelos funcionários em cada ambiente do hospital. RESULTADOS: observou-se 11 máquinas (calandras, secadoras e lavadoras) no setor, que contribuiu para uma variação importante dos níveis de ruído na lavanderia (70 a 101 dB) nos períodos aferidos. O uso de EPI pelos funcionários foi raro, tendo sido observada sua utilização por seis funcionários (12,76%). CONCLUSÃO: independente do turno, os funcionários da lavanderia do Hospital São Paulo, os quais não fazem uso efetivo de EPIs, estão expostos diariamente a elevados níveis de pressão sonora, e que quanto maior o número de máquinas em funcionamento, maior foi o nível de ruído aferido.FESPUNIFESPUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Validity of self-report of oral conditions in older people

Aim: To verify if self-report is a valid instrument to study the clinical oral condition in older people without cognitive deficit. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted with 647 older people from the community, without cognitive deficit, living in Campinas, Brazil. A self-report questionnaire assessing the presence or absence of teeth (edentulism) and use of complete denture was applied, identifying the location of the denture, whether in the upper and/or lower arch. In the same session oral clinical exams were performed, considered the gold standard. The self-report validation was performed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, odds ratios and Kappa agreement. Results: There were high percentages of sensitivity (95–99%), specificity (84–97%), positive (81–97%) and negative (95–98%) predictive values, obtaining an elevated level of confidence and quality intrinsic value of self-report. Agreement with the clinical examination was excellent for all variables (greater than 0.80). The likelihood ratios showed compelling evidence that with self-report an edentulous individual (+LR 32), non-edentulous (-LR 0.06) and absence of complete denture (-LR 0.01) could be correctly identified, with moderate evidence to identify the presence and location of complete denture use (+LR 6.5 to 6.9). Conclusion: Self-report is a valid instrument to study the clinical oral condition in the older people of the community

Encephalic Toxoplasm in a White-Eared Possum (Didelphis albiventris)

Background: Toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan that belongs to the Aplicomplexa phylum, coccidian subclass, and affects all warm-blooded animals. The role of opossums in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in Brazil is not fully understood, and there are very few descriptions of toxoplasmosis lesions in these animals. This report describes the anatomopathological, molecular and immunohistochemical findings of a case of encephalic toxoplasmosis in free-living white-eared possum (Didelphis albiventris).Case: A young male opossum (D. albiventris), was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Wild Animals of the University of Brasília, Federal District. The animal was apathetic, uncoordinated, reluctant to move, and had an exposed proximal fracture in the left radius and ulna with laceration of muscles and adjacent tendinous structures. Amputation on the left thoracic limb was performed followed by analgesia and antibiotic therapy. The environment is frequented by other wild animals, and stray cats have access to the patio of the building. Twenty-five days after arriving at the hospital, the animal was found dead in its cage. After death, a necropsy was performed. Organ fragments from the abdominal cavity, thoracic and central nervous system were collected, processed routinely for histology and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Macroscopic lesions in the central nervous system were not observed. On microscopy, the brain showed moderate random glial nodules throughout the neuropil associated with the presence of spherical to elongated parasitic cysts of about 20 µm, with a thin wall and with its interior full of bradyzoites, consistent with Toxoplasma gondii. There was also moderate fibrinoid necrosis and moderate multifocal lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate surrounding the blood vessels (perivascular cuffs) To investigate the etiology of the brain injury, brain sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technique for detection of T. gondii and Neospora caninum. Immunostaining for T. gondii in the cyst wall and in bradyzoites and negative immunostaining for N. caninum. qPCR was positive for T. gondii and negative for N. caninum.Discussion: Diagnosis of encephalic toxoplasmosis in a Didelphis albiventris was possible based on histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular findings. The morphological classification of the brain lesion was important for the diagnosis. Brain toxoplasmosis in opossums usually results in focal areas of malacia on macroscopy and focally extensive necrosis on microscopy, neutrophil infiltrate, calcified necrotic material, and perivascular cuffs of lymphocytes and plasma cells. In the present case, similar histopathological lesions were noted, but no significant macroscopic changes were observed. The etiology here was defined by immunohistochemistry and qPCR, techniques proven to be useful and with good specificity for diagnosing toxoplasmosis in mammals. It is believed that the positive immunohistochemical and molecular result for Toxoplasma gondii together with the negative result for Neospora caninum were conclusive for the diagnosis. Thus, we demonstrate here a post mortem diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in a free-living synanthropic opossum and the use of anatomopathology, immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction as a diagnostic option for this disease in opossums. Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, marsupial, immunohistochemistry, Real time PCR, protozoal encephalitis.Título: Toxoplasmose encefálica em um gambá-de-orelha-branca (Didelphis albiventris)Descritores: Toxoplasma gondii, marsupial, imuno-histoquímica, Real time PCR, encefalite protozoal

ORIGEM E RAMIFICAÇÕES DAS ARTÉRIAS MESENTÉRICAS CRANIAL E CAUDAL DO CÁGADO – DE- BARBICHA Phrynops geoffroanus (TESTUDINES; CHELIDAE)

The purpose of this study was to describe the origin and branching of the cranial and caudal mesenteric arteries in geoffroy's side-necked turtle and to provide support on medical and surgical procedures. Five turtles from the Phrynops geoffroanus specie, from the Laboratory ofResearch in Wild Animals, which died of natural causes were used. The aorta artery was cannulated and filled with synthetic latex, and the plastron was removed to visualize the turtles´internal structures. The cranial mesenteric artery arises from the aorta and it branches into jejunal artery, ileocolic artery and caudal pancreaticoduodenal artery. The caudal mesenteric artery divides into two branches, a cranial one and a caudal one, and it also has its origin in aorta artery. The cranial branch structure binds itself to the ileocolic artery on the dorsal surface of the colon-rectum