4,627 research outputs found
Boghossian's template and transmission failure
Within his overarching program aiming to defend an epistemic conception of analyticity, Boghossian (1996 and 1997) has offered a clear-cut explanation of how we can acquire a priori knowledge of logical truths and logical rules through implicit definition. The explanation is based on a special template or general form of argument. Ebert (2005) has argued that an enhanced version of this template is flawed because a segment of it is unable to transmit warrant from its premises to the conclusion. This article aims to defend the template from this objection. We provide an accurate description of the type of non-transmissivity that Ebert attributes to the template and clarify why this is a novel type of non-transmissivity. Then, we argue that Jenkins (2008)âs response to Ebert fails because it focuses on doxastic rather than propositional warrant. Finally, we rebut Ebertâs objection on Boghossianâs behalf by showing that it rests on an unwarranted assumption and is internally incoherent
Assessing concept possession as an explicit and social practice
We focus on issues of learning assessment from the point of view of an investigation of philosophical elements in teaching. We contend that assessment of concept possession at school based on ordinary multiple-choice tests might be ineffective because it overlooks aspects of human rationality illuminated by Robert Brandomâs inferentialismââthe view that conceptual content largely coincides with the inferential role of linguistic expressions used in public discourse. More particularly, we argue that multiple-choice tests at schools might fail to accurately assess the possession of a concept or the lack of it, for they only check the written outputs of the pupils who take them, without detecting the inferences actually endorsed or used by them. We suggest that school tests would acquire reliability if they enabled pupils to make the reasons of their answers or the inferences they use explicit, so as to contribute to what Brandom calls the game of giving and asking for reasons. We explore the possibility to put this suggestion into practice by deploying two-tier multiple-choice tests
Goldman and Siegel on the epistemic aims of education
Philosophers have claimed that education aims at fostering disparate epistemic goals. In this paper we focus on an important segment of this debate involving conversation between Alvin Goldman and Harvey Siegel. Goldman claims that education is essentially aimed at producing true beliefs. Siegel contends that education is essentially aimed at fostering both true beliefs and, independently, critical thinking and rational belief. Although we find Siegelâs position intuitively more plausible than Goldmanâs, we also find Siegelâs defence of it wanting. We suggest novel argumentative strategies that draw on Siegelâs own arguments but look to us more promising
Ebert on Boghossianâs template and transmission failure
Boghossian (1996) has put forward an interesting explanation of how we can acquire logical knowledge via implicit definitions that makes use of a special template. Ebert (2005) has argued that the template is unserviceable, as it doesn't transmit warrant. In this paper, we defend the template. We first suggest that Jenkins (2008)âs response to Ebert fails because it focuses on doxastic rather than propositional warrant. We then reject Ebertâs objection by showing that it depends on an implausible and incoherent assumption
Regularization and decimation pseudolikelihood approaches to statistical inference in -spin models
We implement a pseudolikelyhood approach with l2-regularization as well as
the recently introduced pseudolikelihood with decimation procedure to the
inverse problem in continuous spin models on arbitrary networks, with
arbitrarily disordered couplings. Performances of the approaches are tested
against data produced by Monte Carlo numerical simulations and compared also
from previously studied fully-connected mean-field-based inference techniques.
The results clearly show that the best network reconstruction is obtained
through the decimation scheme, that also allows to dwell the inference down to
lower temperature regimes. Possible applications to phasor models for light
propagation in random media are proposed and discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figure
Assessing Concept Possession as an Explicit and Social Practice
We are grateful to Jan Derry, Fed Luzzi, Paul Standish, Shone Surendran, the audience of a research seminar of the Institute of Education of UCL, and two anonymous reviewers of this journal for comments on a draft of this paper.Peer reviewedPostprin
VLT spectroscopy of globular clusters in the Sombrero galaxy
We have obtained intermediate-resolution VLT spectroscopy of 75 globular
cluster candidates around the Sa galaxy M104 (NGC4594). Fifty-seven candidates
out to ~ 40 kpc in the halo of the galaxy were confirmed to be bona-fide
globular clusters, 27 of which are new. A first analysis of the velocities
provides only marginal evidence for rotation of the cluster system. From Hbeta
line strengths, almost all of the clusters in our sample have ages that are
consistent, within the errors, with Milky Way globular clusters. Only a few
clusters may be 1-2 Gyr old, and bulge and halo clusters appear coeval. The
absorption line indices follow the correlations established for the Milky Way
clusters. Metallicities are derived based upon new empirical calibrations with
Galactic globular clusters taking into account the non-linear behavior of some
indices (e.g., Mg2). Our sample of globular clusters in NGC4594 spans a
metallicity range of -2.13 < [Fe/H] < +0.26 dex, and the median metallicity of
the system is [Fe/H] = -0.85. Thus, our data provide evidence that some of the
clusters have super-solar metallicity. Overall, the abundance distribution of
the cluster system is consistent with a bimodal distribution with peaks at
[Fe/H] ~- 1.7 and -0.7. However, the radial change in the metallicity
distribution of clusters may not be straightforwardly explained by a varying
mixture of two sub-populations of red and blue clusters.Comment: 6 pages (incl. 4 figures) to appear in the proceedings of the ESO
workshop "Extragalactic Globular Cluster Systems", ESO Astrophysics Symp.,
Garching bei Muenchen (Germany), ed. Kissler-Patig M., Springer-Verlag:
Heidelber
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