The in vitro lysozyme susceptibility of Candida species cultured in sucrose supplemented media.

The in vitro sensitivity to lysozyme of twelve isolates of Candida (three isolates each of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. krusei) pre-incubated in sucrose supplemented media, was determined by a growth inhibition assay. In general, C. albicans and C. tropicalis exhibited increased susceptibility to lysozyme as the sucrose concentration in the growth medium was reduced. Candida krusei demonstrated the reverse effect and C. glabrata isolates showed different trends. Although generally the Candida species examined were susceptible to lysozyme in the decreasing order of C. glabrata, C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. krusei, differences in susceptibility were noted among different isolates within a given species. These results imply that salivary lysozyme and dietary carbohydrates may exert selective pressure on oral colonization by Candida species.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Comparison of the attitudes of hospital dentists and dental students in Glasgow, UK and Los Angeles, USA towards treatment of AIDS and hepatitis B patients.

A transcultural comparison of the attitudes of hospital dental practitioners and final year dental students in Glasgow, Scotland and Los Angeles, USA was made to assess their attitudes towards treatment of AIDS and hepatitis B patients. Almost all of the respondents were aware of the facts related to spread of AIDS via saliva and blood and the major oral manifestations of AIDS. Surprisingly, a significant proportion of respondents in both countries said they will not attend their dentist if the latter treats AIDS patients and significantly more Americans thought that AIDS transmission was likely in the dental clinic. An overwhelming majority thought specially trained dentists should be employed to treat AIDS patients while the majority of Americans, as compared with Scots surmised that AIDS is a serious threat to public health. In general, the attitudes of the two survey populations towards the AIDS epidemic and attendant problems was similar although the Scots were more complacent than their American counterparts, probably due to the less immediacy of the AIDS problem in Scotland.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

The in vitro lysozyme susceptibility of Candida albicans cultured in carbohydrate-supplemented media.

The in vitro lysozyme susceptibility of three oral isolates of Candida albicans cultured in carbohydrate-supplemented media was studied. Lysozyme was shown to have a dose- and time-dependent killing effect on C. albicans isolates. Fungicidal activity persisted to varying degrees when yeast isolates were cultured in a variety of carbohydrates (glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, xylitol and lactose) before exposure to 20 micrograms/ml lysozyme. Sucrose and galactose grown yeasts exhibited increased resistance to lysozyme compared with (in decreasing order) those grown in glucose, maltose, xylitol or lactose. Further, the C. albicans isolates tested demonstrated strain variations in their susceptibility to lysozyme. These results suggest that dietary carbohydrate may play a role in modulating the yeast cell populations in the oral cavity by altering the fungal susceptibility to salivary lysozyme.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

The In-Vitro Lysozyme Susceptibility of Candida Species Cultured in Sucrose Supplemented Media

The in vitro sensitivity to lysozyme of twelve isolates of Candida (three isolates each of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. krusei) pre-incubated in sucrose supplemented media, was determined by a growth inhibition assay. In general, C. albicans and C. tropicalis exhibited increased susceptibility to lysozyme as the sucrose concentration in the growth medium was reduced. Candida krusei demonstrated the reverse effect and C. glabrata isolates showed different trends. Although generally the Candida species examined were susceptible to lysozyme in the decreasing order of C. glabrata, C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. krusei, differences in susceptibility were noted among different isolates within a given species. These results imply that salivary lysozyme and dietary carbohydrates may exert selective pressure on oral colonization by Candida species.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

A review of asymptotic theory of estimating functions

Asymptotic statistical theory for estimating functions is reviewed in a generality suitable for stochastic processes. Conditions concerning existence of a consistent estimator, uniqueness, rate of convergence, and the asymptotic distribution are treated separately. Our conditions are not minimal, but can be verified for many interesting stochastic process models. Several examples illustrate the wide applicability of the theory and why the generality is needed