Etude de l'effet d'histoire et optimisation des circuits logiques en technologie SOI partiellement désertée 130 et 65nm

L'objectif de ce travail est de répondre aux problématiques de conception liées à l'effet d'histoire dans les technologies CMOS/SOI partiellement désertées 0.131.1m et 65nm. Une étude approfondie a permis de mettre en évidence les limitations des méthodes classiquement utilisées pour caractériser l'impact de cet effet d'histoire sur les temps de propagation des portes. A partir des méthodologies d'initialisation de la charge du substrat flottant développées dans ce mémoire, un outil dédié à la caractérisation industrielle des bibliothèques de cellules standard a été développé. Cet outil permet d'obtenir, en seulement deux simulations, une estimation des cas de propagation les plus lents et les plus rapides, incluant la dispersion en régime aléatoire. Les résultats obtenus par cet outil confèrent aux circuits synthétisés une robustesse optimale à l'effet d'histoire tout en garantissant une dégradation négligeable des performances. Enfin les principaux facteurs de gain de cette technologie sont évalués pour les nœuds 130nm et 65nm.GRENOBLE1-BU Sciences (384212103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Pore cross-talk in colloidal filtration

International audienceBlockage of pores by particles is found in many processes, including filtration and oil extraction. We present filtration experiments through a linear array of ten channels with one dimension which is sub-micron, through which a dilute dispersion of Brownian polystyrene spheres flows under the action of a fixed pressure drop. The growth rate of a clog formed by particles at a pore entrance systematically increases with the number of already saturated (entirely clogged) pores, indicating that there is an interaction or “cross-talk” between the pores. This observation is interpreted based on a phenomenological model, stating that a diffusive redistribution of particles occurs along the membrane, from clogged to free pores. This one-dimensional model could be extended to two-dimensional membranes

Tissue-type plasminogen activator requires a co-receptor to enhance NMDA receptor function

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65678/1/j.1471-4159.2008.05687.x.pd

Amantadine use in the French prospective NS-Park cohort

International audienceObjective: To assess amantadine use and associated factors in the patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).Background: Immediate-release amantadine is approved for the treatment of PD and is largely used in clinical practice to treat "levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LIDs). Its use varies according to countries and PD stages. The prospective NS-Park cohort collects features of PD patients followed by 26 French PD Expert Centres.Methods: Variables used for the analyses included demographics, motor and non-motor PD symptoms and motor complications [motor fluctuations (MFs), LIDs)], antiparkinsonian pharmacological classes and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD). We evaluated: (i) prevalence of amantadine use and compared clinical features of amantadine users vs. non-users (cross-sectional analysis); (ii) factors associated with amantadine initiation (longitudinal analysis); (iii) amantadine effect on LIDs, MFs, apathy, impulse control disorders and freezing of gait (Fog) (longitudinal analysis).Results: Amantadine use prevalence was 12.6% (1,585/12,542, median dose = 200 mg). Amantadine users were significantly younger, with longer and more severe PD symptoms, greater LEDD and more frequent use of device-aided/surgical treatment. Factors independently associated with amantadine initiation were younger age, longer PD duration, more frequent LIDs, MFs and FoG, higher LEDD and better cognitive function. 9 of the 658 patients on amantadine had stopped it at the following visit, after 12-18 months (1.3%). New users of amantadine presented a higher improvement in LIDs and MF compared to amantadine never users.Conclusions: About 12% of PD patients within the French NS-Park cohort used amantadine, mostly those with younger age and more severe PD. Amantadine initiation was associated with a subsequent reduction in LIDs and MFs