Coatings on Lithium Battery Separators: A Strategy to Inhibit Lithium Dendrites Growth

Lithium metal is considered a promising anode material for lithium secondary batteries by virtue of its ultra-high theoretical specific capacity, low redox potential, and low density, while the application of lithium is still challenging due to its high activity. Lithium metal easily reacts with the electrolyte during the cycling process, resulting in the continuous rupture and reconstruction of the formed SEI layer, which reduces the cycling reversibility. On the other hand, repeated lithium plating/stripping processes can lead to uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites and a series of safety issues caused by short-circuiting of the battery. Currently, modification of the battery separator layer is a good strategy to inhibit lithium dendrite growth, which can improve the Coulombic efficiency in the cycle. This paper reviews the preparation, behavior, and mechanism of the modified coatings using metals, metal oxides, nitrides, and other materials on the separator to inhibit the formation of lithium dendrites and achieve better stable electrochemical cycles. Finally, further strategies to inhibit lithium dendrite growth are proposed

Ni-based core-shell structured catalysts for efficient conversion of CH4 to H2: A review

Methane (CH4) serves as a primary constituent of natural gas and a potent greenhouse gas. Catalytic conversion of CH4 into H2 presents a promising avenue for mitigating CO2 emissions from direct CH4 combustion, while also facilitating the transition towards cleaner energy sources. Substantial efforts have been dedicated to enhancing the efficiency of methane conversion and the selectivity for hydrogen in catalyst design. Among these endeavors, core-shell structured Ni-based catalysts have emerged as highly advantageous catalysts for CH4 conversion, with a multitude of benefits including high catalytic activity, coking resistance, and longtime stability. In this review, we provide an overview of Ni-based core-shell catalysts. Furthermore, the synthesis methods of core-shell Ni-based catalysts are explored. We then delve into the myriad advantages these core-shell structured catalysts confer upon methane conversion, specifically emphasizing their remarkable stability and resistance to sintering, and CO2 activation capacity in dry reforming of methane. Moreover, this review comprehensively outlines the versatile applications of Ni-based core-shell structured catalysts in processes such as steam reforming of methane (SRM), dry reforming of methane (DRM), partial oxidation of methane (POM), and catalytic methane decomposition (CMD) for H2 production. Additionally, we delve into the recent advancements in the field of computational chemistry, with a particular focus on density functional theory (DFT) and machine learning (ML). These techniques play pivotal roles in screening Ni-based catalysts and offer insights into the intricate reaction mechanisms underlying methane conversion. Finally, we summarize the key findings of this review and provide forward-looking perspectives. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable reference in the realm of hydrogen production from methane on core-shell structured catalysts, fostering a deeper understanding of this promising area