29 research outputs found

    Factors Associated with Negative Direct Sputum Examination in Asian and African HIV-Infected Patients with Tuberculosis (ANRS 1260)

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    OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with negative direct sputum examination among African and Cambodian patients co-infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV. DESIGN: Prospective multicenter study (ANRS1260) conducted in Cambodia, Senegal and Central African Republic. METHODS: Univariate and multivariate analyses (logistic regression) were used to identify clinical and radiological features associated with negative direct sputum examination in HIV-infected patients with positive M. tuberculosis culture on Lowenstein-Jensen medium. RESULTS: Between September 2002 and December 2005, 175 co-infected patients were hospitalized with at least one respiratory symptom and pulmonary radiographic anomaly. Acid-fast bacillus (AFB) examination was positive in sputum samples from 110 subjects (63%) and negative in 65 patients (37%). Most patients were at an advanced stage of HIV disease (92% at stage III or IV of the WHO classification) with a median CD4 cell count of 36/mm³. In this context, we found that sputum AFB negativity was more frequent in co-infected subjects with associated respiratory tract infections (OR = 2.8 [95%CI:1.1-7.0]), dyspnea (OR = 2.5 [95%CI:1.1-5.6]), and localized interstitial opacities (OR = 3.1 [95%CI:1.3-7.6]), but was less frequent with CD4 ≤ 50/mm³ (OR = 0.4 [95%CI:0.2-0.90), adenopathies (OR = 0.4 [95%CI:0.2-0.93]) and cavitation (OR = 0.1 [95%CI:0.03-0.6]). CONCLUSIONS: One novel finding of this study is the association between concomitant respiratory tract infection and negative sputum AFB, particularly in Cambodia. This finding suggests that repeating AFB testing in AFB-negative patients should be conducted when broad spectrum antibiotic treatment does not lead to complete recovery from respiratory symptoms. In HIV-infected patients with a CD4 cell count below 50/mm3 without an identified cause of pneumonia, systematic AFB direct sputum examination is justified because of atypical clinical features (without cavitation) and high pulmonary mycobacterial burden

    Augustin Belloste (1654-1730), de la chirurgie militaire à la thérapeutique mercurielle

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    Augustin Belloste (1654-1730), from military surgery to mercurial therapeutics. Augustin Belloste's scientific work is presented in this article.Augustin Belloste (1654-1730), de la chirurgie militaire à la thérapeutique mercurielle. Né en 1654 à Paris, Augustin Belloste exerce de 1686 à 1696 la chirurgie dans différents hôpitaux militaires des Alpes, notamment lors de la guerre de Piémont-Savoie. En 1696, il est appelé à Turin comme premier chirurgien de Marie-Jeanne-Baptiste de Savoie-Nemours (1644-1724), douairière puis altesse royale, poste qu'il occupera jusqu'en 1724. A. Belloste fait remonter à 1681 la première utilisation des pilules mercurielles purgatives de sa composition, qui porteront ensuite son nom. En 1696, il publie son célèbre ouvrage Le Chirurgien d'hôpital dans lequel il évoque brièvement son expérience de la thérapeutique mercurielle. Il faut attendre 1725 pour trouver dans sa Suite du chirurgien d'hôpital un chapitre intitulé «Traité du mercure» qui connaîtra un grand succès et sera réimprimé de manière spécifique longtemps après sa mort. A. Belloste y détaille notamment la toxicité du mercure, les indications de ses pilules, et leur mode d'action hypothétique.Le Minor Jean-Marie, Clair Pascal. Augustin Belloste (1654-1730), de la chirurgie militaire à la thérapeutique mercurielle. In: Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie, 89ᵉ année, n°331, 2001. pp. 369-380

    Les collections craniologiques humaines de l'institut d'anatomie normale de la faculté de médecine de Strasbourg. (Index et aspects analytiques)

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    STRASBOURG-Medecine (674822101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Les collections d' ostéologie comparée du musée anatomique de Strasbourg (Aspects historiques et catalogues anciens)

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    STRASBOURG-Medecine (674822101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSTRASBOURG-Sc. et Techniques (674822102) / SudocSudocFranceF
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