Caracterização da condição física e fatores de risco cardiovascular de policiais militares rodoviários

ResumoObjetivoO objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar os níveis de condição, composição corporal e pressão arterial de policiais rodoviários do estado do Paraná - Brasil.MétodoFizeram parte da amostra 52 oficiais do sexo masculino (idade: 38,3±6,3 anos, massa corporal: 89,6±18,4kg) de diferentes patentes. Foram realizadas diversas mensurações para obtenção do índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência de cintura (CC), relação cintura/quadril (RCQ), composição corporal por meio da espessura de dobras cutâneas, potência aeróbia estimada indiretamente em teste de esforço ergométrico, resistência muscular localizada (RML) de membros superiores e abdominal e os níveis pressóricos foram aferidos por método auscultatório.ResultadosConsiderando as variáveis analisadas, os policiais rodoviários apresentaram IMC de 28,6±4,8kg/m2, risco cardiovascular elevado (95,4±10,8cm) para CC e alto (0,92±0,05) para RCQ. O percentual de gordura corporal apresentou-se acima dos valores recomendáveis (23,6±4,3 %) para saúde, a potência aeróbia estimada foi considerada boa (34,8±1,1ml/kg/min), a RML de membros superiores (21±8 repetições) e foi obtida por realização dos testes de abdominal e flexão de braço, respectivamente (28±8 repetições) foram classificadas como média e uma parcela importante dos oficiais (23 %) mostraram-se com níveis pressóricos elevados.ConclusãoOs policiais militares rodoviários mostraram-se com níveis inadequados de condição física, apresentando excesso de peso e adiposidade corporais, e, uma parcela importante, exibiu níveis pressóricos elevados, sugerindo elevado risco cardiovascular.AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the physical fitness, body composition and blood pressure of highway police officers in the state of Paraná, Brazil.MethodThe sample consisted of 52 male (38.3±6.3 years old, 89.6±18.4kg) where the following determinations were performed: body mass index (BMI); waist circumference (WC); waist/hip ratio (WHR); body composition (skinfold thickness); aerobic power (indirectly estimated in a treadmill test); muscle strength of the upper limbs was measured by the number of push-ups and abdominal strength by the number of crunches (ES) and blood pressure (measured by auscultatory method).ResultsThe highway police officers had a BMI classified as mild obesity (28.6±4.8kg/m2), and a higher cardiovascular risk as determined by WC (95.4±10.8cm) and WHR (0.92±0.05). The percentage of body fat was above the recommended values (23.6±4.3 %) but the aerobic power was considered good (34.8±1.1ml/kg/min). Mean ES upper body (21±8 repetitions) and abdomen (28±8 repetitions) were qualified as fair but mean blood pressure was considered high in 23 % of the police officers.ConclusionBased on our results it was possible to conclude that although the police officers presented good levels of aerobic power and muscle strength, they are overweight and showed a higher cardiovascular risk

The polymorphisms of genes associated with the profile of fatty acids of sheep

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of polymorphisms in Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGTA-1 and 2), Fatty acid synthase (FASN), Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) genes and the Thioesterase domain of FASN (TE-FASN) gene that may be related to the lipid profile. In the experiment, a total of 84 sheep from different genetic groups were used. For the evaluation of the polymorphism of the genes, PCR-Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) technique and subsequent sequencing were used. In DGAT-2 gene, four genotypes were identified with the presence of 6 polymorphisms, with two (c.229T> C; c.255T> C) that resulted into the exchange of phenylalanine by leucine. In FASN gene, two genotypes were identified. In TE-FASN gene, three genotypes and 17 polymorphisms were identified. DGAT-1 and SCD genes did not reveal the occurrence of polymorphism. There was difference in relation to C14: 0, C18: 0 fatty acids and Δ9-desaturase C18 for DGAT-2 gene and of C18: 2ω6t for TE-FASN. There were differences among the genetic groups for C10: 0, C12: 0, C17: 0, C18: 2ω6t, C18: 3ω3, C20: 2, total of ω3, ω3/ω6 and atherogenicity index. There is occurrence of polymorphism of DGAT-2 and TE-FASN genes and these should be further studied in sheep since they revealed influence of the genotypes on the fatty acid profile