Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2016

In 2016, the order Mononegavirales was emended through the addition of two new families (Mymonaviridae and Sunviridae), the elevation of the paramyxoviral subfamily Pneumovirinae to family status (Pneumoviridae), the addition of five free-floating genera (Anphevirus, Arlivirus, Chengtivirus, Crustavirus, and Wastrivirus), and several other changes at the genus and species levels. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)

Multimode excitation during the inter-ELM-crash periods in KSTAR H-mode plasma

Temporal and spatial modulation of the edge localized mode (ELM) structure has been observed during the inter-ELM-crash period by toroidally-separated two electron cyclotron emission imaging systems. The observed modulation is interpreted as a beat wave of two modes with adjacent toroidal mode number. An additional assumption is that each mode has to have a different poloidal rotation speed. In nonlinear simulation, the low-n mode can be driven by locking between the dominant modes. The modulation is reconstructed using beat waves not the locking of modesclose0

Comparison of measured 2D ELMs with synthetic images from BOUT plus plus simulation in KSTAR

A detailed study of edge-localized mode (ELM) dynamics in the KSTAR tokamak is performed using a two-dimensional (2D) electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) diagnostic system. Highly coherent mode structures rotating in the poloidal view plane are routinely observed in the inter-ELM pedestal region where the optical thickness for ECE rapidly changes and the interpretation of emission intensity is complicated. To have confidence on the measurements, the observed images are compared with synthetic images of the ELM structure deduced from three-field BOUT++ simulations. The synthetic process considers instrumental effects of the ECEI diagnostic, intrinsic broadening of the ECE and background noise. The synthetic 2D images highly resemble the observed structure, providing confidence that the ELM dynamics can be visualized by ECEI.close