Non-Equilibrium Quasiclassical Theory for Josephson Structures

We present a non-equilibrium quasiclassical formalism suitable for studying linear response ac properties of Josephson junctions. The non-equilibrium self-consistency equations are satisfied, to very good accuracy, already in zeroth iteration. We use the formalism to study ac Josephson effect in a ballistic superconducting point contact. The real and imaginary parts of the ac linear conductance are calculated both analytically (at low frequencies) and numerically (at arbitrary frequency). They show strong temperature, frequency, and phase dependence. Many anomalous properties appear near phi = pi. We ascribe them to the presence of zero energy bound states.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, Final version to appear in PR

Mesoscopic superconductor 2-Dimensional Electron Gas superconductor junctions

Applied Science

The relationship between basal and induced resistance in Arabidopsis

Plants are constantly exposed to potentially pathogenic micro-organisms. They possess an extensive array of passive and active defense mechanisms, and only a small proportion of micro-organisms are capable of infecting the plant and causing disease. Plant resistance can be broadly defined as the plant's ability to suppress or retard the damaging activity of a pathogen. The most common type of resistance is nonhost resistance. This type of resistance protects the plant entirely from infection by most potential pathogens, and is manifested as an inability of the pathogen to cause disease upon contact with any individual of a particular plant species. In such an interaction, the pathogen is nonpathogenic