Production mechanisms and single-spin asymmetry for kaons in high energy hadron-hadron collisions

Direct consequences on kaon production of the picture proposed in a recent Letter and subsequent publications are discussed. Further evidence supporting the proposed picture is obtained. Comparison with the data for the inclusive cross sections in unpolarized reactions is made. Quantitative results for the left-right asymmetry in single-spin processes are presented.Comment: 10 pages, 2 Postscript figure

Hyperon polarization in e^-p --> e^-HK with polarized electron beams

We apply the picture proposed in a recent Letter for transverse hyperon polarization in unpolarized hadron-hadron collisions to the exclusive process e^-p --> e^-HK such as e^-p-->e^-\Lambda K^+, e^-p --> e^-\Sigma^+ K^0, or e^-p--> e^-\Sigma^0 K^+, or the similar process e^-p\to e^-n\pi^+ with longitudinally polarized electron beams. We present the predictions for the longitudinal polarizations of the hyperons or neutron in these reactions, which can be used as further tests of the picture.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures. submitted to Phys. Rev.

The Transverse-momentum-dependent Parton Distribution Function and Jet Transport in Medium

We show that the gauge-invariant transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) quark distribution function can be expressed as a sum of all higher-twist collinear parton matrix elements in terms of a transport operator. From such a general expression, we derive the nuclear broadening of the transverse momentum distribution. Under the maximal two-gluon correlation approximation, in which all higher-twist nuclear multiple-parton correlations with the leading nuclear enhancement are given by products of twist-two nucleon parton distributions, we find the nuclear transverse momentum distribution as a convolution of a Gaussian distribution and the nucleon TMD quark distribution. The width of the Gaussian, or the mean total transverse momentum broadening squared, is given by the path integral of the quark transport parameter $\hat q_F$ which can also be expressed in a gauge invariant form and is given by the gluon distribution density in the nuclear medium. We further show that contributions from higher-twist nucleon gluon distributions can be resummed under the extended adjoint two-gluon correlation approximation and the nuclear transverse momentum distribution can be expressed in terms of a transverse scale dependent quark transport parameter or gluon distribution density. We extend the study to hot medium and compare to dipole model approximation and ${\cal N}=4$ Supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory in the strong coupling limit. We find that multiple gluon correlations become important in the strongly coupled system such as ${\cal N}=4$ SYM plasma.Comment: 22 pages in RevTex with 2 figures final published versio

Single N277A substitution in C2 of simian immunodeficiency virus envelope influences vaccine-elicited CD4i neutralizing and anti-V2 antibody responses

An effective HIV vaccine remains elusive, and immunogens capable of eliciting protective host humoral immunity have not yet been identified. Although HIV/SIV infections result in the abundant production of CD4-induced (CD4i) antibodies (Abs), these Abs are not protective due to steric restrictions following gp120 binding to CD4 on target cells. Here we report that both DNA- and vaccinia-based vaccines encoding SIVmac239 gp160 readily elicited high levels of CD4i Abs in experimental animals. We identified a highly conserved N-linked glycosylation site N277 in the C2 region which strongly affected the immunogenicity of the CD4i Ab domain. Moreover, a single N277A substitution significantly enhanced the immunogenicity of the V2 domain yielding higher titers and frequency of anti-V2 Ab responses as determined by ELISA and yeast antigen display mapping, respectively. Importantly, immune sera elicited by the N277A-mutated gp160 exhibited elevated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity. ADCC activity correlated positively with the anti-V2 Ab titer yet, inversely with CD4i Ab titer. Thus, we identified a determinant of the CD4i domain that might affect vaccine-elicited anti-V2 Ab and ADCC responses to SIVmac239. Our findings may have implications for design of immunogens to direct B cell recognition in the development of an Ab-based HIV vaccine

Genome‐wide association study identifies three novel susceptibility loci for systemic lupus erythematosus in Han Chinese

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145580/1/bjd16500_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145580/2/bjd16500.pd

Spin alignment of vector meson in e+e- annihilation at Z0 pole

We calculate the spin density matrix of the vector meson produced in e+e- annihilation at Z^0 pole. We show that the data imply a significant polarization for the antiquark which is created in the fragmentation process of the polarized initial quark and combines with the fragmenting quark to form the vector meson. The direction of polarization is opposite to that of the fragmenting quark and the magnitude is of the order of 0.5. A qualitative explanation of this result based on the LUND string fragmentation model is given.Comment: 15 pages, 2 fgiures; submitted to Phys. Rev.

Transverse Λ0\Lambda^0 polarization in inclusive quasi-real photoproduction at the current fragmentation

It is shown that the recent HERMES data on the transverse $\Lambda^0$ polarization in the inclusive quasi-real photoproduction at $x_F>0$ can be accommodated by the strange quark scattering model. Relations with the quark recombination approach are discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Eur. Phys. J.