40 research outputs found
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Introduction. Based on the analysis of changes in the educational environment described in the pedagogical, sociological, and philosophical literature, the authors of the article seek to identify the determinants and possibilities of a competency-based approach to vocational training. Purpose setting. The tasks of modernizing vocational education in the context of digital globalization come into view. The breadth of the research fi in which digital globalization is determined, its tendencies, essential features have led the authors to the need for methodological research. The inconsistency, thematic scattering of studies that have the object of digitalization in all its manifestations predetermined the interest in professionalism, where the synthesizing origins of modern universalism are found. Under the influence of informatization and digitalization, a special sphere is emerging, which becomes the foundation of professional activity. Methodology of the study. The article proves that the competency-based approach, which has repeatedly demonstrated its heuristic significance, is clearly not used enough when implementing the tasks of digitalization, minimizing its negative consequences, and enhancing the potential of information culture. It is shown that basic competencies, professional competencies and basic qualifications have a complex, including hierarchical structure. The comprehension of the competency-based approach is proposed in connection with the post-non-classical model of vocational education and the paradigms of pedagogical influence and personal social activity.Results. Increasing the openness and flexibility of the educational process makes new demands on its organizers. The transition from empirical research to theoretical rethinking of specific tasks should be based on methodologically verified guidelines. Scientific research is based on philosophical, general scientific ideas and reflexive-methodological analysis. Reflexive practice at the same time affects all levels of professional training and its origins at the general educational level.Conclusion. The competency-based approach opens up new opportunities for practice-oriented education, and the open nature of the paradigms applied in this case will allow us to see the prospects for digitalization., ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅, Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ. Π ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π¨ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ, Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠΎΠ΄ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π· Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·. Π Π΅ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Distribution of the Octopamine Receptor AmOA1 in the Honey Bee Brain
Octopamine plays an important role in many behaviors in invertebrates. It acts via binding to G protein coupled receptors located on the plasma membrane of responsive cells. Several distinct subtypes of octopamine receptors have been found in invertebrates, yet little is known about the expression pattern of these different receptor subtypes and how each subtype may contribute to different behaviors. One honey bee (Apis mellifera) octopamine receptor, AmOA1, was recently cloned and characterized. Here we continue to characterize the AmOA1 receptor by investigating its distribution in the honey bee brain. We used two independent antibodies produced against two distinct peptides in the carboxyl-terminus to study the distribution of the AmOA1 receptor in the honey bee brain. We found that both anti-AmOA1 antibodies revealed labeling of cell body clusters throughout the brain and within the following brain neuropils: the antennal lobes; the calyces, pedunculus, vertical (alpha, gamma) and medial (beta) lobes of the mushroom body; the optic lobes; the subesophageal ganglion; and the central complex. Double immunofluorescence staining using anti-GABA and anti-AmOA1 receptor antibodies revealed that a population of inhibitory GABAergic local interneurons in the antennal lobes express the AmOA1 receptor in the cell bodies, axons and their endings in the glomeruli. In the mushroom bodies, AmOA1 receptors are expressed in a subpopulation of inhibitory GABAergic feedback neurons that ends in the visual (outer half of basal ring and collar regions) and olfactory (lip and inner basal ring region) calyx neuropils, as well as in the collar and lip zones of the vertical and medial lobes. The data suggest that one effect of octopamine via AmOA1 in the antennal lobe and mushroom body is to modulate inhibitory neurons