257 research outputs found

    Novel Organotin(IV)-Schiff Base Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and DNA Interaction Studies

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    Four organotin(IV) complexes with 2-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)isoindoline-1,3-dione (L1), and 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylideneamino-N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (L2) were synthesized and well characterized by analytical and spectral studies. The synthesized compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method. The DNA binding of the complexes 1 and 3 with CT-DNA has been performed with absorption spectroscopy, which showed that both the complexes are avid binders of CT-DNA. Also the nuclease activity of complexes 1 and 3 with plasmid DNA (pUC19) was studied using agarose gel electrophoresis. The complex 1 can act as effective DNA cleaving agent when compared to complex 3 resulting in the nicked form of DNA under physiological conditions. The gel was run both in the absence and presence of the oxidizing agent

    DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A STABILITY INDICATING LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF PAROXETINE AND CLONAZEPAM IN BULK AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS

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    A novel stability indicating reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of paroxetine and clonazepam in combined pharmaceutical dosage form. An Agilent zorbax sb-c18 (250mmx4.6mmx5 µm) column with the mobile phase containing 0.2 % Orthophosphoric acid and Methanol (60:40 v/v) was used. The flow rate was maintained at 0.8 ml/min, column temperature was 30°C and effluents were monitored by using a photodiode array detector at 270 nm. The retention times of paroxetine and clonazepam were found to be 3.478min and 3.964 min, respectively. Correlation co-efficient for paroxetine and clonazepam were found to be 0.99 and 0.99, respectively. The proposed method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, and robustness. Recovery of paroxetine and clonazepam in formulations was found to be in a range of 97-103% and 97-103% respectively. Paroxetine and clonazepam were also subjected to the stress conditions of oxidative, acid, base, hydrolytic, thermal and photolytic degradation. The degradation products were well resolved from and peak purity test results confirmed that paroxetine and clonazepam peaks were homogenous and pure in all stress samples, thus proving stability-indicating power of the method. Due to its simplicity, rapidness and high precision, this method can be applied for regular analysis

    2-{[(E)-2-Hy­droxy­benzyl­idene]amino}-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione

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    In the title compound, C15H10N2O3, the isoindoline ring system is almost planar [maximum deviation = 0.020 (2) Å] and makes a dihedral angle of 1.57 (7)° with the benzene ring. Intra­molecular O—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are observed

    High Field (14Tesla) Magneto Transport of Sm/PrFeAsO

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    We report high field magneto transport of Sm/PrFeAsO. Below spin density wave transition (TSDW), the magneto-resistance (MR) of Sm/PrFeAsO is positive and increasing with decreasing temperature. The MR of SmFeAsO, is found 16%, whereas the same is 21.5% in case of PrFeAsO, at 2.5 K under applied magnetic field of 14 Tesla (T). In case of SmFeAsO, the variation of isothermal MR with field below 20 K is nonlinear at lower magnetic fields (< 2 Tesla) and the same is linear at moderately higher magnetic fields (H \geq 3.5 T). On the other hand PrFeAsO shows almost linear MR at all temperatures below 20 K. The anomalous behavior of MR being exhibited in PrFeAsO is originated from Dirac cone states. The stronger interplay of Fe and Pr ordered moments is responsible for this distinct behavior. PrFeAsO also shows a hump in resistivity (R-T) with possible conduction band (FeAs) mediated ordering of Pr moments at around 12 K. However the same is absent in SmFeAsO even down to 2 K. Our results of high field magneto-transport of up to 14 Tesla brings about clear distinction between ground states of SmFeAsO and PrFeAsO.Comment: 15 pages Text + Figs ([email protected]

    Possibility of obtaining TiO2 material by plasma dynamic method into an air atmosphere

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    This paper shows the possibility to synthesize directly the titanium dioxide in a supersonic jet of an electric discharge erosive plasma. Using the X-ray diffractometry it is shown that the obtained product contains two main crystalline phases: anatase and rutile with tetragonal syngony. The size of the coherent scattering region is less 100 nm

    Magneto-transport and magnetic susceptibility of SmFeAsO1-xFx (x = 0.0 and 0.20)

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    Bulk polycrystalline samples, SmFeAsO and the iso-structural superconducting SmFeAsO0.80F0.20 are explored through resistivity with temperature under magnetic field {\rho}(T, H), AC and DC magnetization (M-T), and Specific heat (Cp) measurements. The Resistivity measurement shows superconductivity for x = 0.20 sample with Tc(onset) ~ 51.7K. The upper critical field, [Hc2(0)] is estimated ~3770kOe by Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory. Broadening of superconducting transition in magneto transport is studied through thermally activated flux flow in applied field up to 130 kOe. The flux flow activation energy (U/kB) is estimated ~1215K for 1kOe field. Magnetic measurements exhibited bulk superconductivity with lower critical field (Hc1) of ~1.2kOe at 2K. In normal state, the paramagnetic nature of compound confirms no trace of magnetic impurity which orders ferromagnetically. AC susceptibility measurements have been carried out for SmFeAsO0.80F0.20 sample at various amplitude and frequencies of applied AC drive field. The inter-granular critical current density (Jc) is estimated. Specific heat [Cp(T)] measurement showed an anomaly at around 140K due to the SDW ordering of Fe, followed by another peak at 5K corresponding to the antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering of Sm+3 ions in SmFeAsO compound. Interestingly the change in entropy (marked by the Cp transition height) at 5K for Sm+3 AFM ordering is heavily reduced in case of superconducting SmFeAsO0.80F0.20 sample.Comment: 18 pages text + Figs: comments/suggestions welcome ([email protected]

    Soft-core baryon-baryon potentials for the complete baryon octet

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    SU(3) symmetry relations on the recently constructed hyperon-nucleon potentials are used to develop potential models for all possible baryon-baryon interaction channels. The main focus is on the interaction channels with total strangeness S=-2, -3, and -4, for which no experimental data exist yet. The potential models for these channels are based on SU(3) extensions of potential models for the S=0 and S=-1 sectors, which are fitted to experimental data. Although the SU(3) symmetry is not taken to be exact, the S=0 and S=-1 sectors still provide the necessary constraints to fix all free parameters. The potentials for the S=-2, -3, and -4 sectors, therefore, do not contain any additional free parameters, which makes them the first models of this kind. Various properties of the potentials are illustrated by giving results for scattering lengths, bound states, and total cross sections.Comment: 22 pages RevTex, 6 postscript figure

    Widespread Climate Change in the Himalayas and Associated Changes in Local Ecosystems

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    Background: Climate change in the Himalayas, a biodiversity hotspot, home of many sacred landscapes, and the source of eight largest rivers of Asia, is likely to impact the well-being of \sim20% of humanity. However, despite the extraordinary environmental, cultural, and socio-economic importance of the Himalayas, and despite their rapidly increasing ecological degradation, not much is known about actual changes in the two most critical climatic variables: temperature and rainfall. Nor do we know how changes in these parameters might impact the ecosystems including vegetation phenology. Methodology/Principal Findings: By analyzing temperature and rainfall data, and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) values from remotely sensed imagery, we report significant changes in temperature, rainfall, and vegetation phenology across the Himalayas between 1982 and 2006. The average annual mean temperature during the 25 year period has increased by 1.5^\circC with an average increase of 0.06^\circC yr1^{−1}. The average annual precipitation has increased by 163 mm or 6.52 mmyr1^{−1}. Since changes in temperature and precipitation are immediately manifested as changes in phenology of local ecosystems, we examined phenological changes in all major ecoregions. The average start of the growing season (SOS) seems to have advanced by 4.7 days or 0.19 days yr1^{−1} and the length of growing season (LOS) appears to have advanced by 4.7 days or 0.19 days yr1^{−1}, but there has been no change in the end of the growing season (EOS). There is considerable spatial and seasonal variation in changes in climate and phenological parameters. Conclusions/Significance: This is the first time that large scale climatic and phenological changes at the landscape level have been documented for the Himalayas. The rate of warming in the Himalayas is greater than the global average, confirming that the Himalayas are among the regions most vulnerable to climate change

    Poor Thermal Care Practices among Home Births in Nepal: Further Analysis of Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2011

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    Introduction - Hypothermia is a major factor associated with neonatal mortality in low and middle income countries. Thermal care protection of newborn through a series of measures taken at birth and during the initial days of life is recommended to reduce the hypothermia and associated neonatal mortality. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of and the factors associated with receiving ‘optimum thermal care’ among home born newborns of Nepal. Methods - Data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) 2011 were used for this study. Women who reported a home birth for their most recent childbirth was included in the study. Factors associated with optimum thermal care were examined using Chi-square test followed by logistic regression. Results - A total of 2464 newborns were included in the study. A total of 57.6 % were dried before the placenta was delivered; 60.3% were wrapped; 24.5% had not bathing during the first 24 hours, and 63.9% were breastfed within one hour of birth. Overall, only 248 (10.7%; 95% CI (8.8 %, 12.9%)) newborns received optimum thermal care. Newborns whose mothers had achieved higher education (OR 2.810; 95% CI (1.132, 6.976)), attended four or more antenatal care visits (OR 2.563; 95% CI (1.309, 5.017)), and those whose birth were attended by skilled attendants (OR 2.178; 95% CI (1.428, 3.323)) were likely to receive optimum thermal care. Conclusion - The current study showed that only one in ten newborns in Nepal received optimum thermal care. Future newborn survival programs should focus on those mothers who are uneducated; who do not attend the recommended four or more attend antenatal care visits; and those who deliver without the assistance of skilled birth attendants to reduce the risk of neonatal hypothermia in Nepal

    Youth futures and a masculine development ethos in the regional story of Uttarakhand

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    Research on the Uttarakhand region, which became a new state in 2000, has focused largely on agrarian livelihoods, religious rituals, development demands, ecological politics and the role of women in regional social movements. This essay discusses another dimension of the regional imaginary—that of a masculine development ethos. Based on ethnographic research and print media sources, this essay focuses on stories, politics, mobilities and imaginations of young men in the years immediately after the achievement of statehood. Despite increased outmigration of youth in search of employment, many young men expressed the dream of maintaining livelihoods in the familiar towns and rural spaces of Uttarakhand, describing their home region as a source of power and agency. In rallies and in print media, young (mostly upper caste) men expressed their disillusionment with the government and the promises of statehood, arguing that their aspirations for development and employment were left unfulfilled. Gendered stories of the region, told in Hindi in rallies and print media, contained references to local places, people and historical events and were produced through local connections and know-how, fostering a regional youth politics. The article argues that Uttarakhand as a region is shaped by the politics of local actors as well as embodied forms of aspiration, affiliation and mobility.IS
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