Does Uncertainty Matter: An Application to the Willingness to Pay to Reduce Swimming Bans in Chicago

Using a survey of Chicago beachgoers, this research examines the effect of uncertain response options on the willingness to pay to reduce swimming bans. Various recoding options are tested and implemented, as well as multinomial model for choice. Estimates are compared to those from a dataset with certainty, as well as to those from revealed preference methods. The reasons and sources for uncertainty are explored and compared across samples.Institutional and Behavioral Economics,

AN INVERSE DEMAND APPROACH TO RECREATION FISHING SITE CHOICE AND IMPLIED MARGINAL VALUES

An alternative methodology for determining marginal willingness to pay values for recreational fishing trips is developed based on inverse demand systems and the distance function. Our empirical application uses joint estimation of several species-specific site equations from a recreation fishing data set. Results are compared to a random utility model.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

EMPIRICAL SPECIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR TWO-CONSTRAINT MODELS OF RECREATION DEMAND

Theoretical restrictions implied by the two-constraint recreation demand model are developed. The structure necessary to specify empirical models shows that most current models of recreation incorporate time in a manner inconsistent with theory. Results are applicable to all recreationists and are particularly useful to those with endogenous marginal values of time.Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

USING CONTINGENT VALUATION WITH RESPONDENT UNCERTAINTY TO ESTIMATE THE COSTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAMS: AN APPLICATION TO CANADIAN LANDOWNERS

Using a survey of western Canadian agricultural landowners, we examine the cost and viability of two distinct afforestation options for carbon-uptake purposes. Responses to two separate, but most-likely related willingness to accept compensation questions are elicited using the contingent valuation method. Respondents then select the level of certainty with which they believe their responses were given. This paper provides a framework for estimation of the bivariate model with certainty and a modification of the model to incorporate uncertainty based on Li and Mattson's approach to preference uncertainty. While highly preliminary results are given for the bivariate model with certainty, applications of both models will be presented at the 2003 AAEA Meetings.Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Some Applications of The New Integral Transform For Partial Differential Equations

In this paper we have derived Sadik transform of the partial derivatives of a function of two variables. We have demonstrated the applicability of the Sadik transform by solving some examples of partial differential equations. We have verified solutions of partial differential equations by Sadik transform with the Laplace transform and the Sumudu transform

ESTIMATING THE OPPORTUNITY COST OF RECREATION TIME IN AN INTEGRABLE 2-CONSTRAINT COUNT DEMAND MODEL

How researchers treat the opportunity cost of time substantially influences recreation demand parameter and welfare estimates. This paper presents a utility-theoretic and implementable approach, estimating the shadow value of time jointly with recreation demands for coastal activities, using a generalization of the semilog demand system in a two-constraint model.Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis,

Carbon Incentive Mechanisms and Land-Use Implications for Canadian Agriculture

This research examines effects of various factors on participation in agricultural tree plantations for economic, environmental, social and carbon-uptake purposes. Using survey data from 2000 mail surveys of Canadian farmers, a discrete choice random utility analysis is used to determine probability of farmers' participation and the corresponding mean willingness to accept a tree-planting program. Estimation results show that the required compensation for accepting a tree-planting program is higher than the compensation suggested by a normative approachEnvironmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use,

Electrochemistry of Dihalogenated Nicotonic Acids in Aqueous and Aprotic Media

The electrochemical reduction of several 2,5- and 5,6- dihalonicotinic acids have been studied in dimethyl sulfoxide as well as in aqueous buffers of different pH. The polarographic half-wave potentials for the reduction of these compounds in both media are reported here. The compounds appear to reduce at the carboxyl group. The presence of halogen atoms on the pyridine ring facilitates reduction

Analysis of a Mixture of Several Dihalonicotinic Acids by Gas Chromotography and Gas Chromotography-Mass Spectrometry

Six 2,5- and 5,6- dihalonicotinic acids in a mixture were converted to their corresponding methyl esters and then analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Four methods of conversion were compared for their GC sensitivity, efficiency and analysis time. In Method #1, using HC1 and methanol as the reagents, the displacement of the halogens by chlorine (from HC1) at 2- and 6-positions was a common occurrence, rendering the method inefficient. In Method #2 (BF3/methanol), the displacement of halogens by methoxide was evident. Method #3 (dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/methanol) produced a mixture of derivatives with a poor yield. Method #4 (diazomethane) gave a quantitative yield of the corresponding methyl esters without any side reactions and was suitable for analytical method development. The latest method provided short analysis time with all six methyl dihalonicotinates eluting within nineteen minutes. The resolution of the ester peaks was excellent and the detection limit was about 1ng/|Mu L for the dihalonicotinic acids

MULTISPECIES REVENUE FUNCTION ESTIMATION FOR NORTH PACIFIC GROUNDFISH FISHERIES

Multiproduct, multispecies revenue functions are estimated for the midwater and bottom-trawl pollock fisheries off Alaska. There are strong year and seasonal effects on coefficient estimates, and the technology is joint in outputs for each major operation type. The model is a step toward prediction of fishery regulatory effects.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,