The effects of an individual, multistep intervention on adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients

Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of individual, multistep intervention on adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients referred to a hemodialysis center in Shahrekord, Iran. Method: In this interventional study, hemodialysis patients referring the center of the study were randomly assigned into two control and intervention groups (each 33). The control group received routine treatment, recommended dietary and fluid restrictions. The intervention group participated in eight individual interventional sessions accompanied routine treatment. At the beginning and the end of the study, routine laboratory tests and end-stage renal disease-adherence questionnaire were filled out for patients in both groups. The data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. Results: At the end of the study, the two groups showed a significant difference in all domains of adherence except adherence to diet and adherence was better in the intervention group (p < 0.05). In demographic characteristic, only age indicated a positive correlation with adherence to dialysis program (p = 0.04, r = 0.254). After intervention, serum phosphorus decreased significantly in the intervention group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Adherence to treatment is one of the major problems in hemodialysis patients; however, comprehensive interventions are required in view of individual condition. ▸ Implications for Rehabilitation • Adherence to treatment means that all patients behaviors (diet, fluids and drugs intake) should be in line with the recommendations given by healthcare professionals. • There is evidence on the association between adherence to treatment and decreased risk of hospitalization in dialysis patients. • Individual structured programs are most likely to be successful in encouraging adherence to treatment. © 2015 Informa UK Ltd. All rights reserved

Plant functioning in a changing global atmosphere

Editorial, Plant Biology, Volume 22, Issue S1, Special Issue: Plant Functioning in a Changing Global Atmoshphere

EVALUATING THE RESEARCH FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES FOR LIBRARY & INFORMATION SCIENCE PROFESSIONALS: AN EVALUATIVE STUDY

This research paper highlights the top twenty research funding agencies of the world in the discipline of Information Science and Library Information Science. The citation analysis method has been adopted for the present study and used the database Web of Science and InCites. The aim of this research paper is to make aware research scholars, faculty members, LIS professional and Practitioners, and policymakers about the various National and International top-level funding agencies available to fund their research proposals. The research and academic fraternity and particularly the library professionals who always face problems to get funds to work on any project will able to start new research with innovative ideas with the help of research grant. The finding of the study gives the insight of top-level research funding data with publication ratio of funded research publications in both Open and Closed access journals covered by WoS and InCites bibliographic Database. This paper also focused on the collaboration pattern of funded research publications

The efficacy of group hiking on some physical health indexes and quality of life of chronic schizophrenic patients: A randomized clinical trial

زمینه و هدف: بیماران مبتلا به اسکیزوفرنی مزمن تحت درمان با برخی داروهای آنتی سایکوتیک از اختلالات متابولیکی رنج می برند. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، تعیین تأثیر پیاده روی گروهی در طبیعت بر برخی شاخص های سلامت جسمی و کیفیت زندگی بیماران بستری مبتلا به اسکیزوفرنی بود. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی، 62 بیمار مبتلا به اسکیزوفرنی مزمن بستری در بیمارستان روانپزشکی سینای شهر جونقان به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل (30 نفر) و مداخله (32 نفر) قرار گرفتند. گروه کنترل درمان روتین و گروه مداخله علاوه بر درمان روتین، در برنامه پیاده روی در طبیعت، هر روز صبح به مدت 90 دقیقه برای دو ماه شرکت کردند. در ابتدا و انتهای مطالعه، تری گلیسرید، کلسترول، قند خون ناشتا، شاخص توده بدنی و کیفیت زندگی در دو گروه ارزیابی و مقایسه شد. یافته ها: در ابتدای مطالعه، تفاوت معنی داری در میانگین کیفیت زندگی در دو گروه وجود نداشت (09/0P=)؛ اما پس از مداخله، کیفیت زندگی در گروه پیاده روی به شکل معنی داری ارتقاء یافت. میانگین نمره کلی کیفیت زندگی در گروه پیاده روی در ابتدای مطالعه 26/11±69/81 و در پایان مطالعه 93/10±62/77 بود (001/0

Simulation of Traffic Flow Model with Traffic Controller Boundary

This paper considers a fluid dynamic traffic flow model appended with a closure linear velocity-density relationship which provides a first order hyperbolic partial differential equation (PDE) and is treated as an initial boundary value problem (IBVP). We consider the boundary value in such a way that one side of highway treat like there is a traffic controller at that point. We present the analytic solution of the traffic flow model as a Cauchy problem. A numerical simulation of the traffic flow model (IBVP) is performed based on a finite difference scheme for the model with two sided boundary conditions and a suitable numerical scheme for this is the Lax-Friedrichs scheme. Solution figure from our scheme indicates a desired result that amplitude and frequency of cars density and velocity reduces as time grows. Also at traffic controller point, velocity and density values change as desired manner. In further, we also want to introduce anisotropic behavior of cars(to get more realistic picture) which has not been considered here. Doi: 10.12777/ijse.5.1.25-30 [How to cite this article: Sultana, N., Parvin, M. , Sarker, R., Andallah, L.S. (2013). Simulation of Traffic Flow Model with Traffic Controller Boundary. International Journal of Science and Engineering, 5(1),25-30. Doi: 10.12777/ijse.5.1.25-30

Does Dietary Intake by Tehranian Adults Align with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans? Observations from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

The aim of this study was to compare dietary intakes by Tehranian adults with recent dietary guidelines for the Americans. The study made a cross-sectional assessment of the dietary patterns of Tehranian adults using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. It included 2,510 subjects (1,121 men and 1,389 women) aged 19-70 years. They were the participants of the third follow-up survey of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2005-2008). The dietary patterns were assessed using the latest World Health Organization (WHO)'s nutritional goals and Dietary Guidelines for the Americans Adherence Index (DGAI) 2005. The mean [standard deviation (SD)] DGAI score for this population was 8.31 (1.9). Participants in the highest quartile category of DGAI were more likely to be female, older, non-smoking, and physically active than those in the lowest quartile category (p<0.001). Percentage of participants meeting the DGA recommendations waslow, especially for starchy vegetables (2.3%), orange vegetables (16.2%), lean meat (9.2%), grains (12.0%), and legumes (6.4%). Over-consumption of grains was observed in almost half of the participants while approximately 20% of the subjects over-consumed milk and meat groups. Intakes of most nutrients examined were significantly associated with the DGAI 2005 score (p<0.001), except for vitamin E, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. The least adherence with the WHO goals was observed with n-3 PUFAs, sodium, fruit, and vegetable intakes. The results revealed that the dietary patterns of most Tehranian adults did not comply with the 2005 DGA and nutritional goals of WHO/Food and Agriculture Organization

Multi-Scale Characterization of the PEPCK-Cmus Mouse through 3D Cryo-Imaging

We have developed, for the Case 3D Cryo-imaging system, a specialized, multiscale visualization scheme which provides color-rich volume rendering and multiplanar reformatting enabling one to visualize an entire mouse and zoom in to organ, tissue, and microscopic scales. With this system, we have anatomically characterized, in 3D, from whole animal to tissue level, a transgenic mouse and compared it with its control. The transgenic mouse overexpresses the cytosolic form of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) in its skeletal muscle and is capable of greatly enhanced physical endurance and has a longer life-span and reproductive life as compared to control animals. We semiautomatically analyzed selected organs such as kidney, heart, adrenal gland, spleen, and ovaries and found comparatively enlarged heart, much less visceral, subcutaneous, and pericardial adipose tissue, and higher tibia-to-femur ratio in the transgenic animal. Microscopically, individual skeletal muscle fibers, fine mesenteric blood vessels, and intestinal villi, among others, were clearly seen

Role of LIS Professionals to provide authentic information sources during COVID-19 a Pandemic crisis

During the national crisis, caused by a novel pandemic such as COVID-19 virus infections, people need authentic information to face such a virus. Libraries need to come forward in such a situation as primary sources of trustworthy information by providing rapid and easy access to those seeking authentic information sources. In this crisis, giving Remote Access, Virtual Library, e-resources, Ask the Librarian reference services to the user in real-time and at scale for a range of scientific- and policy-related responses can be very significant to the academic and research community. The present study has collected data from authentic information sources, mainly Government official portals of Indian states such as the MyGov COVID-19, UTs, and National/International agencies, etc. After analyzing and studying the data, the authentic information sources served to the research community are listed out. This paper also highlights the ratio of COVID-19 publications and highly cited publication of the same, using the Scopus abstracting databases. This study is an original research work focused on the roles and responsibilities and actions taken by the Library and librarians in crisis situations. Hence this study will help Librarians, Information Providers, Practitioners, Policy Makers, Researchers, and development activity in this field