Survey of Hemileia vastatrix races from Peru to identify potential coffee mutants with disease resistance

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Usefulness of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the cardiology outpatients of Clinica Internacional during the year 2019

Introduction: Hypertension or High Blood Pressure (HBP) is a highly prevalent condition in Peru; there are about 5.5 million people over the age of 15 who suffer from this disease. Due to this, it is considered a prevalent disease and at the same time a cardiovascular risk factor related to the appearance of ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and renal failure, etc. Thus generating an increase in morbidity and mortality in the population, and even greater in the one that suffers it. Objective: Describing the utility of 24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) in daily cardiology practice and in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with or suspected high blood pressure. Materials and methods: Descriptive, observational, retrospective study, in which the 24-hour ABPM of 1,675 patients from the cardiology outpatient clinic of Clínica Internacional-San Borja in Lima-Perú during 2019 we reanalyzed. Results: 1,675 records were included. The median age was 56 years. 49.13% (823) were women and 50.87% (852) were men. A de novo diagnosis was made in 293 (40.7%) patients. 382 (40.2%) patients with uncontrolled HBP were found and 1,040 (62.1%) were found with abnormal circadian patterns, with increased cardiovascular risk. Only 37.9% of the studies were normal in all parameters. Conclusions: The 24-hour ABPM proved to be a useful tool to identify newly diagnosed hypertensive patients and uncontrolled hypertensive patients by detecting nocturnal hypertension and abnormal circadian patterns; which are risk markers for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Introducción: La hipertensión arterial (HTA) es una condición de alta prevalencia en nuestro país, considerada una enfermedad y al mismo tiempo un factor de riesgo cardiovascular, relacionada con la aparición de cardiopatía isquémica, enfermedad cerebrovascular e insuficiencia renal, ocasionando una elevada morbi-mortalidad. Objetivo: Describir la utilidad del Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial (MAPA) en la práctica cardiológica diaria, en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de los pacientes con hipertensión arterial o con sospecha de esta. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo, en el que se analizaron los estudios de MAPA de 24 horas de 1675 pacientes de la consulta externa de Clínica Internacional, sede San Borja en Lima-Perú, de enero a diciembre del año 2019. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1675 registros. La mediana de edad fue 55.6 años. De estos, 823 (49.13%) pacientes fueron mujeres y 852 (50.87) fueron varones. Se logró hacer el diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial de novo en 293 (40.7%) pacientes. Se encontraron 382 (40.2%) pacientes con HTA no controlada y se encontraron 1040 (62.1%) con patrones circadianos anormales, relacionándose a mayor riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares. Solo el 37.9% de los estudios fueron normales en todos los parámetros. Conclusiones: El MAPA de 24 horas demostró ser una herramienta útil para identificar a los pacientes hipertensos de reciente diagnóstico y a los hipertensos no controlados, detectando hipertensión nocturna y patrones circadianos anormales, los cuales son marcadores de riesgo para morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular

The Large Aperture GRB Observatory

The Large Aperture GRB Observatory (LAGO) is aiming at the detection of the high energy (around 100 GeV) component of Gamma Ray Bursts, using the single particle technique in arrays of Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCD) in high mountain sites (Chacaltaya, Bolivia, 5300 m a.s.l., Pico Espejo, Venezuela, 4750 m a.s.l., Sierra Negra, Mexico, 4650 m a.s.l). WCD at high altitude offer a unique possibility of detecting low gamma fluxes in the 10 GeV - 1 TeV range. The status of the Observatory and data collected from 2007 to date will be presented.Comment: 4 pages, proceeding of 31st ICRC 200

Water Cherenkov Detectors response to a Gamma Ray Burst in the Large Aperture GRB Observatory

In order to characterise the behaviour of Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCD) under a sudden increase of 1 GeV - 1 TeV background photons from a Gamma Ray Burst (GRB), simulations were conducted and compared to data acquired by the WCD of the Large Aperture GRB Observatory (LAGO). The LAGO operates arrays of WCD at high altitude to detect GRBs using the single particle technique. The LAGO sensitivity to GRBs is derived from the reported simulations of the gamma initiated particle showers in the atmosphere and the WCD response to secondaries.Comment: 5 pages, proceeding of the 31st ICRC 200

An update on site search activities for SWGO

The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a project by scientists and engineers from 14 countries and 78 institutions to design and build the first wide-field, ground-based gamma-ray observatory in the Southern Hemisphere, with high duty cycle and covering an energy range rom hundreds of GeV to the PeV scale. The observatory will cover the Southern sky and aims to map the Galaxy's large-scale emission, as well as detecting transient and variable phenomena. The host sites under consideration are at a minimum altitude of 4400 m.a.s.l. and comprise two types: flat plateaus of at least 1 km$^{2}$ for the installation of an array of tank-based water Cherenkov detectors (WCD), or large natural lakes for the direct deployment of WCD units. Four South American countries proposed excellent sites to host the observatory meeting these requirements. Argentina proposed two locations in the Salta province, Bolivia presented one site in Chacaltaya, Chile two locations within the Atacama Astronomical Park, and Peru two ground-based locations in the Arequipa district as well as lakes in the Cuzco region. The SWGO collaboration is currently conducting a site characterization study, gathering all the necessary information for site shortlisting and final site selection by the end of 2023. The process has reached the shortlisting phase, in which primary and backup sites for each country have been identified. The primary sites were visited by a team of experts from the collaboration, to investigate and validate the proposed site characteristics. Here we present an update on these site selection activities.Comment: In Proceedings of the 2023 ICRC, Nagoya, Japa

The excess mortality risk of diabetes associated with functional decline in older adults: Results from a 7-year follow-up of a nationwide cohort in Taiwan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of functional decline in older adults. Few studies have investigated the contribution of functional decline to excess mortality risk in older people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to examine how diabetes in combination with different levels of functional decline affects 7-year mortality in older adults.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of people aged 65 years and over, participating in the 2001 National Health Interview Survey in Taiwan. A total of 1873 participants were followed through 2002-2008, of whom 286 (15.3%) had a history of diabetes confirmed by a medical professional. Participants were divided into three functional status groups: (1) high functioning-no limitations involving activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), or physical functioning; (2) low functioning-limitations in one or more ADLs; (3) middle functioning-all participants in between groups 1 and 2.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The crude mortality rate was 52.7 per 1,000 person-years in those with diabetes and 34.1 per 1,000 person-years in those without diabetes. After adjustment for other factors, diabetes alone was not associated with an increased mortality risk in those with high functioning. However, diabetes alone had a hazard ratio (HR) for mortality of 1.90 (95%CI = [1.02-3.53]) in those with middle functioning and 3.67 (95%CI = [1.55-8.69]) in those with low functioning. The presence of diabetes and one or more other chronic conditions was associated with a HR for mortality of 2.46 (95%CI = [1.61-3.77]) in those with middle functioning and 4.03 (95%CI = [2.31-7.03]) in those with low functioning.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results indicate that diabetes is not associated with increased mortality in those with high functioning. There was a gradient effect of functional decline on mortality in individuals with diabetes. Additionally, among participants with other chronic conditions, functional decline was associated with a greater burden of mortality in older adults with diabetes. These findings highlight the critical importance of the prevention of cardiovascular disease morbidity and the maintenance of functional abilities in order to reduce mortality risk in older adults with diabetes.</p

The DRUID study: racism and self-assessed health status in an indigenous population

BackgroundThere is now considerable evidence from around the world that racism is associated with both mental and physical ill-health. However, little is known about the mediating factors between racism and ill-health. This paper investigates relationships between racism and self-assessed mental and physical health among Indigenous Australians as well as potential mediators of these relationships.MethodsA total of 164 adults in the Darwin Region Urban Indigenous Diabetes (DRUID) study completed a validated instrument assessing interpersonal racism and a separate item on discrimination-related stress. Self-assessed health status was measured using the SF-12. Stress, optimism, lack of control, social connections, cultural identity and reactions/responses to interpersonal racism were considered as mediators and moderators of the relationship between racism/discrimination and self-assessed health status.ResultsAfter adjusting for socio-demographic factors, interpersonal racism was significantly associated with the SF-12 mental (but not the physical) health component. Stress, lack of control and feeling powerless as a reaction to racism emerged as significant mediators of the relationship between racism and general mental health. Similar findings emerged for discrimination-related stress.ConclusionsRacism/discrimination is significantly associated with poor general mental health among this indigenous population. The mediating factors between racism and mental health identified in this study suggest new approaches to ameliorating the detrimental effects of racism on health. In particular, the importance of reducing racism-related stress, enhancing general levels of mastery, and minimising negative social connections in order to ameliorate the negative consequences of racism